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Observation of spectral lines in the exceptional GRB 221009A

Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第8期67卷 187-206页

作者： Yan-Qiu zhang Shao-Lin Xiong Ji-Rong Mao Shuang-Nan zhang Wang-Chen Xue Chao Zheng Jia-Cong liu Zhen zhang Xi-Lu Wang Ming-Yu Ge Shu-Xu Yi Li-Ming Song Zheng-Hua An Ce cai Xin-Qiao Li Wen-Xi Peng Wen-Jun Tan Chen-Wei Wang Xiang-Yang Wen Yue Wang Shuo Xiao Fan zhang Peng zhang Shi-jie Zheng Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650011China Center for Astronomical Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China College of Physics and Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China College of Electronic and Information Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

As the brightest gamma-ray burst ever observed,GRB 221009A provided a precious opportunity to explore spectral line *** this article,we performed a comprehensive spectroscopy analysis of GRB 221009A jointly with GECAM-C and Fermi/GBM data to search for emission and absorption *** the first time we investigated the line feature throughout this GRB including the most bright part where many instruments suffered problems,and identified prominent emission lines in multiple time *** central energy of the Gaussian emission line evolves from about 37 to 6 MeV,with a nearly constant ratio(about 10%)between the line width and central ***,we find that both the central energy and the energy flux of the emission line evolve with time as a power law decay with power law index of–1 and–2,*** suggest that the observed emission lines most likely origin from the blue-shifted electron positron pair annihilation 511 ke V *** find that a standard high latitude emission scenario cannot fully interpret the observation,thus we propose that the emission line comes from some dense clumps with electron positron pairs traveling together with the *** this scenario,we can use the emission line to directly,for the first time,measure the bulk Lorentz factor of the jet(Γ)and reveal its time evolution(i.e.,Γ~t^(-1))during the prompt ***,we find that the flux of the annihilation line in the co-moving frame keeps *** discoveries of the spectral line features shed new and important lights on the physics of GRB and relativistic jet.

关键词： GRB GRB 221009A emission line

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Artificial Bear Bile:A Novel Approach to Balancing Medical Requirements and Animal Welfare

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 100-112页

作者： Yong Li Yuhong Huang Nan Feng Heping zhang Jing Qu Shuanggang Ma Yunbao liu Jiang Li Shaofeng Xu Ling Wang Mi zhang jie cai Weiping Wang Ru Feng Hang Yu Bo Yu Dailiang Liang Heping Qin Suxiang Luo Yanfen Li Meifeng Li Ruihua Wang Chen Ma Yan Wang Xiaobo Cen Xiaoxian Xu Boli zhang Xiaoliang Wang Shishan Yu State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300250China Zhongshan Belling Biotechnology Co. Ltd.Zhongshan 528437China Zhongshan Anshi Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd.Zhongshan 528437China WestChina-Frontier Pharma Tech Co. Ltd.Chengdu 610041China Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 301617China

Bear bile has been a valuable and effective medicinal material in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for over 13 ***,the current practice of obtaining it through bear farming is under scrutiny for its adverse impact on bear ***,we present a new approach for creating artificial bear bile(ABB)as a high-quality and sustainable alternative to natural bear *** study addresses the scientific challenges of creating bear bile alternatives through interdisciplinary collaborations across various fields,including resources,chemistry,biology,medicine,pharmacology,and TCM.A comprehensive efficacy assessment system that bridges the gap between TCM and modern medical terminology has been established,allowing for the systematic screening of therapeutic *** the utilization of chemical synthesis and enzyme engineering technologies,our research has achieved the environmentally friendly,large-scale production of bear bile therapeutic compounds,as well as the optimization and recomposition of ABB *** resulting ABB not only closely resembles natural bear bile in its composition but also offers advantages such as consistent product quality,availability of raw materials,and independence from threatened or wild *** preclinical efficacy evaluations have demonstrated the equivalence of the therapeutic effects from ABB and those from commercially available drained bear bile(DBB).Furthermore,preclinical toxicological assessment and phase I clinical trials show that the safety of ABB is on par with that of the currently used *** innovative strategy can serve as a new research paradigm for developing alternatives for other endangered TCMs,thereby strengthening the integrity and sustainability of TCM.

关键词： Artificial bear bile Chemical profile Formula optimization Pharmacodynamic consistency Preclinical toxicological assessment

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Probing the Gamma-Ray Emission Region of Five TeV Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 156-169页

作者： Hu-Bing Xiao Hai-tao Cao Rui Xue Jin-Ting cai Ge-Ge Wang Marina Manganaro Shao-Hua zhang Zhi-Hao Ouyang Li-Ping Fu Jun-Hui Fan Shanghai Key Lab for Astrophysics Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China School of Information Engineering Guangzhou Panyu PolytechnicGuangzhou 511483China Department of Physics Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China College of Mathematics and Physics Guangxi Minzu UniversityNanning 530006China Key Laboratory of Cosmology and Astrophysics(Liaoning) College of SciencesNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Department of Physics University of RijekaRijeka 51000Croatia Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Key Laboratory for Astronomical Observation and Technology of Guangzhou Guangzhou 510006China Astronomy Science and Technology Research Laboratory of Department of Education of Guangdong Province Guangzhou 510006China

The location ofγ-ray emission of blazars remains a contested topic,inspiring the development of numerous investigative techniques to address this *** this work,we analyzed Fermiγ-ray light curves in the GeV and MeV bands,employing the discrete cross-correlation function method to discern time lags between the two *** 4C+21.35,Ton 599,B21420+32,and PKS 1510-089,we identified a time lag spanning several days,while for PKS 1441+25,the time lag was not statistically *** results imply that the soft photons necessary for inverse Compton scattering predominantly originate from the dusty torus in the first four sources,whereas for PKS1441+25,they seem to be sourced mainly from the broad-line *** analysis of the opacity(τγγ)and the GeV spectra study supports the conclusion that the location of the dissipation region must be beyond the BLR to avoid significant ***,for PKS 1441+25,the emission region is also posited to lie outside yet proximate to the *** parameters of describing the emission region were obtained by fitting broadband spectral energy distribution with contemporaneous observation *** findings suggest that for the five TeV FSRQs,during Te V flaring events,the jet appears to maintain an equilibrium between the energy density of the magnetic field and that of the particles for all investigated sources,with the exceptions of 4C+21.35 and PKS1441+*** terms of the overall jet power,particle energy is the dominant contributor,and the observed blazar radiation cannot be solely attributed to the magnetic field,except in the case of 4C+***,magnetic reconnection is unlikely to be the primary mechanism behind particle acceleration in these systems.

关键词： galaxies:active gamma-rays:galaxies galaxies:jets

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Marginal zone lymphoma with severe rashes: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第3期12卷 565-574页

作者： Si-Jun Bai Ye Geng Yi-Nan Gao cai-Xia zhang Qian Mi Chen zhang Jia-Ling Yang Si-jie He Zhen-YingYan Jian-Xia He Department of Hematology Shanxi Provincial People’s HospitalTaiyuan 030012Shanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Marginal zone lymphoma(MZL)is an indolent subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL),which is rare clinically with severe rashes as the initial *** SUMMARY This study reports a case of MZL with generalized skin rashes accompanied by pruritus and purulent ***-line treatment with rituximab combined with zanubrutinib had poor ***,after switching to obinutuzumab combined with zanubrutinib,the case was alleviated,and the rashes *** For patients with advanced stage MZL not benefiting from type I anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody(mAb)combination therapy,switching to a type II anti-CD20 mAb combination regimen may be *** approach may provide a new perspective in the treatment of MZL.

关键词： Marginal zone lymphoma Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma Rituximab,Obinutuzumab Zanubrutinib Case report

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The 2022 report of synergetic roadmap on carbon neutrality and clean air for China:Accelerating transition in key sectors

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第3期19卷 4-18页

作者： Yu Lei Zhicong Yin Xi Lu Qiang zhang Jicheng Gong Bofeng cai Cilan cai Qimin Chai Huopo Chen Renjie Chen Shi Chen Wenhui Chen Jing Cheng Xiyuan Chi Hancheng Dai Xiangzhao Feng Guannan Geng Jianlin Hu Shan Hu Cunrui Huang Tiantian Li Wei Li Xiaomei Li Jun liu Xin liu Zhu liu Jinghui Ma Yue Qin Dan Tong Xuhui Wang Xuying Wang Rui Wu Qingyang Xiao Yang Xie Xiaolong Xu tao Xue Haipeng Yu Da zhang Ning zhang Shaohui zhang Shaojun zhang Xian zhang Xin zhang Zengkai zhang Bo Zheng Yixuan Zheng Jian Zhou Tong Zhu Jinnan Wang Kebin He Center of Air Quality Simulation and System Analysis Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100041China Center for Carbon Neutrality Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100041China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China State Key Joint Laboratory for Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering and Center for Environment and HealthPeking UniversityBeijing100871China National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International CooperationBeijing100035China Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China School of Public Health Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan UniversityShanghai200032China School of Economics and Management Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Department of Earth System Science University of CaliforniaIrvineCA92697USA National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Policy Research Center for Environment and Economy Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of ChinaBeijing100029China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring

China is now confronting the intertwined challenges of air pollution and climate *** the high synergies between air pollution abatement and climate change mitigation,the Chinese government is actively promoting synergetic control of these two *** Synergetic Roadmap project was launched in 2021 to track and analyze the progress of synergetic control in China by developing and monitoring key *** Synergetic Roadmap 2022 report is the first annual update,featuring 20 indicators across five aspects:synergetic governance system and practices,progress in structural transition,air pollution and associated weather-climate interactions,sources,sinks,and mitigation pathway of atmospheric composition,and health impacts and benefits of coordinated *** to the comprehensive review presented in the 2021 report,the Synergetic Roadmap 2022 report places particular emphasis on progress in 2021 with highlights on actions in key sectors and the relevant *** milestones include the proportion of non-fossil power generation capacity surpassing coal-fired capacity for the first time,a decline in the production of crude steel and cement after years of growth,and the surging penetration of electric ***,in 2022,China issued the first national policy that synergizes abatements of pollution and carbon emissions,marking a new era for China's pollution-carbon *** changes highlight China's efforts to reshape its energy,economic,and transportation structures to meet the demand for synergetic control and sustainable ***,the country has witnessed a slowdown in carbon emission growth,improved air quality,and increased health benefits in recent years.

关键词： Synergetic roadmap Carbon neutrality Clean air

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Coherent optical frequency transfer via 972-km fiber link

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 277-282页

作者：邓雪张翔臧琦焦东东王丹刘杰高静许冠军董瑞芳刘涛张首刚 National Time Service Centre Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710600China Key Laboratory of Time Reference and Application Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710600China School of Communications and Information Engineering and School of Artificial Intelligence Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’an 710121Chin

We demonstrate coherent optical frequency dissemination over a distance of 972 km by cascading two spans where the phase noise is passively compensated *** of employing a phase discriminator and a phase locking loop in the conventional active phase control scheme,the passive phase noise cancellation is realized by feeding double-trip beat-note frequency to the driver of the acoustic optical modulator at the local *** passive scheme exhibits fine robustness and reliability,making it suitable for long-distance and noisy fiber *** optical regeneration station is used in the link for signal amplification and cascaded *** phase noise cancellation and transfer instability of the 972-km link is investigated,and transfer instability of 1.1×10^(-19)at 10^(4)s is *** work provides a promising method for realizing optical frequency distribution over thousands of kilometers by using fiber links.

关键词： optical frequency transfer fiber link phase noise cancellation

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In-beam gamma rays of CSNS Back-n characterized by black resonance filter

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NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNIQUES 2024年第10期35卷 1-12页

作者： Wang, Jin-Cheng Ren, jie Jiang, Wei Ruan, Xi-Chao liu, Ying-Yi Yang, Hao-Lan Xu, Kuo-Zhi Pan, Xin-Yi Sun, Qi Bao, jie Huang, Han-Xiong Bai, Hao-Fan Bai, Jiang-Bo Cao, Ping Chen, Qi-Ping Chen, Yong-Hao Duan, Wen-Hao Fan, An-Chuan Fan, Rui-Rui Feng, Chang-Qing Gu, Min-Hao Han, Chang-cai Han, Zi-jie He, Guo-Zhu He, Yong-Cheng Hong, Yang Hu, Yi-Wei Jiang, Zhi-jie Kang, Ling Lan, Chang-Lin Li, Bo Li, Feng Li, Qiang Li, Xiao Li, Yang liu, jie liu, Rong liu, Shu-Bin liu, Yi-Na Luan, Guang-Yuan Ning, Chang-Jun Qiu, Yi-Jia Ren, Wen-Kai Ren, Zhi-Zhou Song, Zhao-Hui Sun, Kang Tan, Zhi-Xin Tang, Jing-Yu Tang, Sheng-Da Wang, Li-Jiao Wang, Peng-Cheng Wang, Zhao-Hui Wen, Zhong-Wei Wu, Xiao-Guang Wu, Xuan Wu, Ze-Peng Xia, Cong Xie, Li-Kun Yi, Han Yu, tao Yu, Yong-Ji zhang, Guo-Hui zhang, Hang-Chang zhang, Qi-Wei zhang, Xian-Peng zhang, Yu-Liang zhang, Zhi-Yong Zhao, Mao-Yuan Zhou, Zhi-Hao Zhu, Ke-Jun Zou, Chong China Inst Atom Energy Key Lab Nucl Data Beijing 102413 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst High Energy Phys Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Spallat Neutron Source Sci Ctr Dongguan 523803 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst High Energy Phys State Key Lab Particle Detect & Elect Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Peking Univ Sch Phys State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol Beijing 100871 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Inst Modern Phys Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China State Key Lab Particle Detect & Elect Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Nucl Sci & Technol Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Dept Modern Phys Hefei 230026 Peoples R China China Acad Engn Phys Inst Nucl Phys & Chem Mianyang 621900 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China USTC Archaeometry Lab Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Northwest Inst Nucl Technol Xian 710024 Peoples R China Lanzhou Univ Sch Nucl Sci & Technol Lanzhou 730000 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Inst Adv Technol Hefei 230027 Peoples R China

The back-streaming white-neutron beamline (Back-n) of the China Spallation Neutron Source is an essential neutron- research platform built for the study of nuclear data, neutron physics, and neutron applications. Many types of cross-sectional neutron-reaction measurements have been performed at Back-n since early 2018. These measurements have shown that a significant number of gamma rays can be transmitted to the experimental stations of Back-n along with the neutron beam. These gamma rays, commonly referred to as in-beam gamma rays, can induce a non-negligible experimental background in neutron-reaction measurements. Studying the characteristics of in-beam gamma rays is important for understanding the experimental background. However, measuring in-beam gamma rays is challenging because most gamma-ray detectors are sensitive to neutrons; thus, discriminating between neutron-induced signals and those from in-beam gamma rays is difficult. In this study, we propose the use of the black resonance filter method and a CeBr3 scintillation detector to measure the characteristics of the in-beam gamma rays of Back-n. Four types of black resonance filters, Ta-181, Co-59, Ag-nat, and Cd-nat, were used in this measurement. The time-of-flight (TOF) technique was used to select the detector signals remaining in the absorption region of the TOF spectra, which were mainly induced by in-beam gamma rays. The energy distribution and flux of the in-beam gamma rays of Back-n were determined by analyzing the deposited energy spectra of the CeBr3 scintillation detector and using Monte Carlo simulations. Based on the results of this study, the background contributions from in-beam gamma rays in neutron-reaction measurements at Back-n can be reasonably evaluated, which is beneficial for enhancing both the experimental methodology and data analysis.

关键词： In-beam gamma rays Back-n Black filter resonance technique In-beam gamma rays Back-n CeBr3 scintillator Black filter resonance technique C6D6 DETECTOR SYSTEM LINE

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Clinical feasibility of laparoscopic left lateral segment liver resection with magnetic anchor technique:The first clinical study from China

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1336-1343页

作者： Miao-Miao zhang Ji-Gang Bai Dong zhang jie tao Zhi-Min Geng Zhuo-Qun Li Yu-Xiang Ren Yu-Hanzhang Yi Lyu Xiao-Peng Yan Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina Zonglian College Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina Qide College Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Magnetic anchor technique(MAT)has been applied in laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic appendectomy,but has not been reported in laparoscopic partial *** To evaluate the feasibility of the MAT in laparoscopic left lateral segment liver *** Retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of eight patients who underwent laparoscopic left lateral segment liver resection assisted by MAT in our department from July 2020 to November *** Y-Z magnetic anchor devices(Y-Z MADs)was independently designed and developed by the author of this paper,which consists of the anchor magnet and magnetic grasping *** time,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative accidents,operator experience,postoperative incision pain score,postoperative complications,and other indicators were evaluated and *** All eight patients underwent a MAT-assisted laparoscopic left lateral segment liver resection,including three patients undertaking conventional 5-port and five patients having a transumbilical single-port *** mean operation time was 138±34.32 min(range 95-185 min)and the mean intraoperative blood loss was 123±88.60 mL(range 20-300 mL).No adverse events occurred during the *** Y-Z MADs showed good workability and maneuverability in both tissue and organ *** particular,the operators did not experience either a“chopstick”or“sword-fight”effect in the single-port laparoscopic *** The results show that the MAT is safe and feasible for laparoscopic left lateral segment liver resection,especially,exhibits its unique abettance for transumbilical single-port laparoscopic left lateral segment liver resection.

关键词： Magnetosurgery/magnetic surgery Magnetic anchor technique Laparoscopic hepatectomy Transumbilical singleport laparoscopy Magnet

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Magnetic compression anastomosis to restore biliary tract continuity after obstruction following major abdominal trauma:A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1933-1938页

作者： Miao-Miao zhang jie tao Huan-Chen Sha Yun Li Xiao-Gang Song Oliver J Muensterer Fang-Fang Dong Li zhang Yi Lyu Xiao-Peng Yan Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery&Regenerative Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Pediatric Surgery Dr.von Hauner Children’s HospitalLudwig-Maximilians-University Medical CenterMunich 80337Germany

BACKGROUND The combination of magnetic compression anastomosis(MCA)and endoscopy has been used to treat biliary stricture after liver ***,its use for the treatment of complex biliary obstruction after major abdominal trauma has not been *** case report describes the successful use of MCA for the treatment of biliary obstruction resulting from major abdominal trauma.A 23-year-old man underwent major abdominal surgery(repair of liver rupture,right half colon resection,and ileostomy)following a car accident one year *** abdominal drainage tube,positioned at the Winslow foramen,was draining approximately 600-800 mL of bile per *** the two endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedures,the guide wire was unable to enter the common bile duct,which prevented placement of a biliary *** combined with endoscopy was used to successfully achieve magnetic anastomosis of the peritoneal sinus tract and duodenum,and then a choledochoduodenal stent was ***,the external biliary drainage tube was *** patient achieved internal biliary drainage leading to the removal of the external biliary drainage tube,which improved the quality of *** Magnetic compression technique can be used for the treatment of complex biliary obstruction with minimal operative trauma.

关键词： Magnetic compression anastomosis Magnetosurgery Endoscopy Magnetic Surgery Clinic Biliary obstruction Case report

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极地航行船舶防覆冰涂层研究进展

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表面技术 2024年第6期53卷 1-10页

作者：张祎轩刘涛刘耀虎刘杰王健君中国科学院化学研究所北京100190 上海海事大学上海201306 中国科学院前沿科学与教育局北京100864 中国科学院理化技术研究所北京100190

两极地区是未来重要的能源和资源基地。然而,极地长年低温多冰,极大限制了我国对两极地区的科学考察、商业航运和能源开发进程。因此,发展长效稳定的防覆冰技术是推进极地发展战略的关键。系统阐明了船舶在极地航行过程中面临的结冰困境... 详细信息

两极地区是未来重要的能源和资源基地。然而,极地长年低温多冰,极大限制了我国对两极地区的科学考察、商业航运和能源开发进程。因此,发展长效稳定的防覆冰技术是推进极地发展战略的关键。系统阐明了船舶在极地航行过程中面临的结冰困境,分析了船舶积冰的类型,总结了目前解决船舶覆冰问题的多种防除冰技术及发展现状,包括主动防除冰技术(机械除冰、超声导波除冰、加热除冰、化学熔融除冰等)和被动防覆冰涂层技术(气体润滑防覆冰涂层、液体润滑防覆冰涂层、“类液体”润滑防覆冰涂层、界面可控断裂防覆冰涂层等),同时对各技术在极地船舶防冰应用中的优缺点和可行性进行了深入分析。展望了船舶装备对特种防冰涂层的关键需求,提出主、被动协同除冰技术是实现极地船舶防覆冰的重要策略。

关键词：极地船舶防冰涂层材料冰黏附

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