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Composition optimization and performance prediction for ultra-stable water-based aerosol based on thermodynamic entropy theory

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 437-446页

作者： Tingting Kang Canjun Yan Xinying Zhao jingru Zhao Zixin Liu Chenggong Ju Xinyue zhang Yun zhang Yan Wu College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyNo.29 13th AvenueEconomic and Technologic Development ZoneTianjin 300457China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Water-based aerosol is widely used as an effective strategy in electro-optical countermeasure on the battlefield used to the preponderance of high efficiency,low cost and ***,the stability of the water-based aerosol is always unsatisfactory due to the rapid evaporation and sedimentation of the aerosol *** efforts have been devoted to improve the stability of water-based aerosol by using additives with different composition and ***,the lack of the criterion and principle for screening the effective additives results in excessive experimental time consumption and *** the stabilization time of the aerosol is still only 30 min,which could not meet the requirements of the perdurable ***,to improve the stability of water-based aerosol and optimize the complex formulation efficiently,a theoretical calculation method based on thermodynamic entropy theory is *** the factors that influence the shielding effect,including polyol,stabilizer,propellant,water and cosolvent,are considered within *** ultra-stable water-based aerosol with long duration over 120 min is obtained with the optimal fogging agent composition,providing enough time for fighting the electro-optic *** design guideline for choosing the additives with high phase transition temperature and low phase transition enthalpy is also proposed,which greatly improves the total entropy change and reduce the absolute entropy change of the aerosol cooling process,and gives rise to an enhanced stability of the water-based *** theoretical calculation methodology contributes to an abstemious time and space for sieving the water-based aerosol with desirable performance and stability,and provides the powerful guarantee to the homeland security.

关键词： Ultra-stable Water-based aerosol Thermodynamic entropy Composition optimization Performance prediction

Effect of Microstructural Characteristics on Fracture Toughness in Direct Energy Deposited Novel Ti-6Al-4V-1Mo Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第1期37卷 119-131页

作者： Chao Xia Kexin Zhao Xin Zhou Yuqi He Panpan Gao Hengxin zhang Guangrui Gao Fengying zhang Hua Tan School of Material Science and Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an710064China Science and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory Air Force Engineering UniversityXi’an710038China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China Surface Material Protection Co. LtdXi’an710018China

Meeting the damage tolerance requirements for engineering-grade titanium alloys pose a significant challenge in achieving high fracture toughness in direct energy deposition(DED)titanium *** work primarily investigated the relationship between the microstructure and the fracture toughness of DED new Ti-6Al-4V-1Mo *** types of microstructures were designed via two process strategies:high-line energy density(HE)and low-line energy density(LE).Relative to LE samples,HE samples possess larger-sized microstructural characteristics(coarser grain boundaryα(α_(GB)),largerαcolonies,and coarserαlaths).Lessα/βphase boundaries were formed by coarserαlaths in the HE samples,increasing the movement of dislocations,resulting in tensile strength decreasing from 1007.1 MPa(LE)to 930.8 MPa(HE)and elongation increasing from 10.8%(LE)to 15.7%(HE).Also,HE samples exhibited an excellent fracture toughness of 114.0 MPa m^(1/2),significantly higher than that of LE samples(76.8 MPa m^(1/2)).An analysis of crack propagation paths was conducted to investigate the factors contributing to *** primary factor enhancing toughness is the frequent obstruction of cracks by coarseαGB and largeαcolonies in HE ***,the pretty large-angle deflections induced by the superposition effect of coarseαGB and largeαcolonies play a vital of significant *** factors induced the long and tortuous high-energy pathways,which resulted in ultimately improved fracture *** discovered microstructural toughening mechanisms can serve as a reference for future studies involving titanium alloys,offering insights on how to enhance fracture toughness by achieving similar characteristics.

关键词： Direct energy deposition Ti-6Al-4V-1Mo Tensile properties Fracture toughness Crack propagation

Immunostimulatory gene therapy combined with checkpoint blockade reshapes tumor microenvironment and enhances ovarian cancer immunotherapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 854-868页

作者： Yunzhu Lin Xiang Wang Shi He Zhongxin Duan Yunchu zhang Xiaodong Sun Yuzhu Hu Yuanyuan zhang Zhiyong Qian Xiang Gao Zhirong zhang Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems Ministry of EducationWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Pharmacy Evidence-based Pharmacy CenterWest China Second University HospitalKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and ChildrenSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalWest China Medical SchoolSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengdu 610041China Department of Radiation Oncology State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalWest China Medical SchoolSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengdu 610041China West China School of Basic Medical Sciences&Forensic Medicine Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Immune evasion has made ovarian cancer notorious for its refractory features, making the development of immunotherapy highly appealing to ovarian cancer treatment. The immune-stimulating cytokine IL-12 exhibits excellent antitumor activities. However, IL-12 can induce IFN-γ release and subsequently upregulate PDL-1 expression on tumor cells. Therefore, the tumor-targeting folate-modified delivery system F-DPC is constructed for concurrent delivery of IL-12 encoding gene and small molecular PDL-1 inhibitor(i PDL-1) to reduce immune escape and boost anti-tumor immunity. The physicochemical characteristics, gene transfection efficiency of the F-DPC nanoparticles in ovarian cancer cells are analyzed. The immune-modulation effects of combination therapy on different immune cells are also studied. Results show that compared with non-folate-modified vector, folate-modified F-DPC can improve the targeting of ovarian cancer and enhance the transfection efficiency of p IL-12. The underlying anti-tumor mechanisms include the regulation of T cells proliferation and activation, NK activation,macrophage polarization and DC maturation. The F-DPC/p IL-12/i PDL-1 complexes have shown outstanding antitumor effects and low toxicity in peritoneal model of ovarian cancer in mice. Taken together, our work provides new insights into ovarian cancer immunotherapy. Novel F-DPC/p IL-12/i PDL-1 complexes are revealed to exert prominent anti-tumor effect by modulating tumor immune microenvironment and preventing immune escape and might be a promising treatment option for ovarian cancer treatment.

关键词： IL-12encodinggene Checkpointblocker Nanoparticles Targeted delivery Tumormicroenvironment Immune escape Ovarian cancer Immunotherapy

Investigation of formaldehyde sources and its relative emission intensity in shipping channel environment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 142-154页

作者： Jiaqi Liu Shanshan Wang Yan zhang Yuhao Yan Jian Zhu Sanbao zhang Tianyu Wang yibing Tan Bin Zhou Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute of Eco-Chongming(IEC) No.20 Cuiniao RoadShanghai 202162China Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Institute of Digitalized Sustainable Transformation Big Data InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Formaldehyde(HCHO)is considered one of the most abundant gas-phase carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere,which can be directly emitted through transportation ***-Path Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy(LP-DOAS)was used to observe HCHO in the river channel of Wusong Wharf in Shanghai,China for the whole year of *** to the impact of ship activity,the annual average HCHO level in the channel is about2.5 times higher than that in the nearby campus *** explain the sources of HCHO under different meteorological conditions,the tracer-pair of CO and O_(x)(NO_(2)+O_(3))was used on the clustered air *** results of the source appointment show that primary,secondary and background account for 24.14%(3.34±1.19 ppbv),44.78%(6.20±2.04ppbv)and 31.09%(4.31±2.33 ppbv)of the HCHO in the channel when the air masses were from the mixed direction of the city and channel,*** performing background station subtraction at times of high primary HCHO values and resolving the plume peaks,directly emitted HCHO/NO_(2)in the channel environment and plume were determined to be mainly distributed between 0.2 and *** cargo ships with higher sailing speeds or main engine powers tend to have higher HCHO/NO_(2)*** the knowledge of NO_(2)(or NO_(x))emission levels from ships,this study may provide data support for the establishment of HCHO emission factors.

关键词： HCHO LP-DOAS Channel environment Ship emissions

Shenqi Fuzheng injection alleviates chemotherapy-induced cachexia by restoring glucocorticoid signaling in hypothalamus

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第3期14卷 431-434页

作者： Entezar Berik Zijia zhang Wei Li Yawen Liu Sihan Chen Wenyong Wu Zhaojun Wang Xinqin Kong Wenqiang Pei Huiqing Dong Huali Long Min Lei Jennifer yiyang Wang Liangfeng Liu Jinjun Hou jing Feng Zhaoxia Li Wanying Wu De-an Guo Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research School of Traditional Chinese MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100069China National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of Chinese Materia Medica Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing210029China Limin Pharmaceutical Factory Livzon Group LimitedShaoguanGuangdong512028China Guangdong Corporate Key Laboratory of High-End Liquid Medicine R&D IndustrilizationShaoguanGuangdong512028China Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of ScienceShanghai201203China

Chemotherapy-induced cachexia(CIC)is a debilitating condition characterized by weight loss,muscle atrophy,and anorexia[1].While peripheral mechanisms of cachexia have been extensively studied,the involvement of the central nervous system(CNS)in CIC is often *** drugs cause stress responses and inflammation,which may impact the hypothalamus and disrupt systemic energy and neuroendocrine *** hypothalamic roles in regulating these processes can provide insights into CIC's mechanisms and aid in developing novel therapies.

关键词： injection drugs glucocorticoid chemotherapy

Inertinite in coal and its geoenvironmental significance:Insights from AI and big data analysis

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1779-1801页

作者： Longyi SHAO Jiamin ZHOU Timothy PJONES Fanghui HUA Xiaotao XU Zhiming YAN Haihai HOU Dongdong WANG jing LU State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources and College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering China University of Miningand Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF103YEWalesEngland General Prospecting Institute of China National Administration of Coal Geology Beijing 100039China Institute of Architectural Engineering Weifang UniversityWeifang 261061China College of Mining Liaoning Technical UniversityFuxin 123000China College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

Inertinite,as an important and abundant maceral group in coal,is critical for the study of palaeowildfires and their roles in the Earth’s ***,there has been a significant amount of research on the relationship between palaeowildfire,palaeoclimate change and palaeovegetation evolution based on inertinite *** reflectance of fusinite and semifusinite has been used to estimate the combustion temperature and type of palaeowildfires,and then to evaluate the combustion characteristics of different types of *** relative abundance of inertinite can be used to estimate the atmospheric oxygen *** rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)and online tools to search scientific databases has presented an opportunity for us to find,collect,arrange,and analyse data from the earliest to latest publications on *** data extraction tool Deep Shovel is used to collect and analyse global inertinite data from the Silurian to the *** software programs such as Gplates,ArcGIS pro and Tableau are then applied to model the relative abundance of inertinite over geological time,which can be correlated with other parameters such as atmospheric oxygen contents,plant evolution and palaeoclimate *** distribution of inertinite in coals varied over different geological periods,being typified by the“high inertinite content-high atmospheric oxygen level”period in the Permian and the“low inertinite content-low atmospheric oxygen level”period in the *** study has proposed a possible model of the positive and negative feedbacks between inertinite characteristics and palaeoenvironmental factors,and has revealed the exceptional role of inertinite in palaeoenvironmental *** research on inertinite will be focused on the integrated study of organic petrology and organic geochemistry of inertinite,the big data-driven research on the temporal and spatial distribution of the global inertinite,the exploration of the

关键词： Inertinite Palaeowildfires Atmospheric oxygen Palaeoclimates Palaeoecosystems

A new two-step variational model for multiplicative noise removal with applications to texture images

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第3期39卷 486-501页

作者： zhang Long-hui YAO Wen-juan SHI Sheng-zhu GUO Zhi-chang zhang Da-zhi School of Mathematics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Multiplicative noise removal problems have attracted much attention in recent *** additive noise,multiplicative noise destroys almost all information of the original image,especially for texture *** by the TV-Stokes model,we propose a new two-step variational model to denoise the texture images corrupted by multiplicative noise with a good geometry explanation in this *** the first step,we convert the multiplicative denoising problem into an additive one by the logarithm transform and propagate the isophote directions in the tangential field *** the isophote directions are constructed,an image is restored to fit the constructed directions in the second *** existence and uniqueness of the solution to the variational problems are *** these two steps,we use the gradient descent method and construct finite difference schemes to solve the ***,the augmented Lagrangian method and the fast Fourier transform are adopted to accelerate the *** results show that the proposed model can remove the multiplicative noise efficiently and protect the texture well.

关键词： multiplicative noise removal texture images total variation two-step variational method aug-mented Lagrangian method

Metagenomic analysis revealing the metabolic role of microbial communities in the free amino acid biosynthesis of Monascus rice vinegar during fermentation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2317-2326页

作者： Hang Gao Jian zhang Li Liu Lijun Fu Yan Zhao Germán Mazza Xin zhang Beijing Academy of Food Sciences 100068 BeijingChina Institute for Research and Development in Process Engineering Biotechnology and Alternative Energies(PROBIENCONICET-UNCo)8300 NeuquénArgentina

Free amino acid(FAA)is the important component of vinegar that infl uences quality perception and consumer *** is one of the major metabolites produced by microorganisms;however,the microbial metabolic network on FAA biosynthesis remains *** metagenomic analysis,this work aimed to elucidate the roles of microbes in FAA biosynthesis during Monascus rice vinegar *** profiles from functional analyses showed 14 dominant genera with high contributions to the metabolism *** metabolic network for FAA biosynthesis was then constructed,and the microbial distribution in different metabolic pathways was *** results revealed that 5 functional genera were closely involved in FAA *** study illuminated the metabolic roles of microorganisms in FAA biosynthesis and provided crucial insights into the functional attributes of microbiota in vinegar fermentation.

关键词： Monascus rice vinegar Metagenomic analysis Free amino acid synthesis Metabolic pathway Microbial distribution

Hierarchical Voronoi Structure Inspired by Cat Paw Pads Substantially Enhances Landing Impact Energy Dissipation

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第4期21卷 1847-1861页

作者： Da Lu Baoqing Pei Yangyang Xu Mengyuan Hu Shijia zhang Le zhang Xin Huang Yangwei Wang Xueqing Wu Beijing Key Laboratory for Design and Evaluation Technology of Advanced Implantable&Interventional Medical Devices Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang University100083BeijingChina National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials under Shock and Impact Beijing Institute of Technology100081BeijingChina Shenzhen Institute of Beihang University 518000ShenzhenChina

When a human lands from a high drop,there is a high risk of serious injury to the lower *** the other hand,cats can withstand jumps and falls from heights without being fatally wounded,largely due to their impact-resistant paw *** aim of the present study was to investigate the biomechanism of impact resistance in cat paw pads,propose an optimal hierarchical Voronoi structure inspired by the paw pads,and apply the structure to bionic cushioning shoes to reduce the impact force of landing for *** microstructure of cat paw pads was observed via tissue section staining,and a simulation model was reconstructed based on CT to verify and optimize the structural cushioning *** distribution pattern,wall thickness of compartments,thickness ratio of epidermis and dermis,and number of compartments in the model were changed and simulated to achieve an optimal composed structure.A bionic sole was 3D-printed,and its performance was evaluated via compression test and a jumping-landing *** results show that cat paw pads are a spherical cap structure,divided from the outside to the inside into the epidermis,dermis,and compartments,each with different cushioning capacities.A finite element simulation of different cushioning structures was conducted in a cylinder with a diameter of 20 mm and a height of 10 mm,featuring a three-layer *** optimal configuration of the three layers should have a uniform distribution with 0.3–0.5 mm wall thickness,a 1:1–2 thickness ratio of epidermis and dermis,and 100–150 compartments.A bionic sole with an optimized structure can reduce the peak impact force and delay the peak arrival *** energy absorption rate is about 4 times that of standard *** jumping 80,100,and 120 cm,the normalized ground reaction force is also reduced by 8.7%,12.6%and 15.1%compared with standard *** study provides theoretical and technical support for effective protection against human lower limb landing injuries.

关键词： Cat paw pads Hierarchical Voronoi structure Landing impact Energy dissipation Bionic sole