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Bacterial community composition and abundance in leachate of semi-aerobic and anaerobic landfills

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第11期23卷 1770-1777页

作者： Wei Zhang Bo Yue Qi Wang zechun huang Qifei huang Zengqiang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China School of Life Sciences Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University Yangling 712100 China

The abundance and phylogenetic composition of bacterial community in leachate of semi-aerobic and anaerobic landfill were compared through real-time polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. In semi-aerobic landfill scenario, the bacterial 16S rRNA copy numbers in leachate had no significant reduction from initial stage to stable period. In the scenario of anaerobic landfill, the largest bacterial 16S rRNA gene copy number was found in leachate at initial stage, but it reduced significantly at stable period. Moreover, methane-oxidizing bacteria population in stable period was lower than that in initial period in both two landfill processes. However, semi-aerobic landfill leachate had more methanotrophic bacteria populations than that in the anaerobic one. Furthermore, according to the sequences and phylogenetic analysis, obvious difference could be detected in bacterial community composition in different scenarios. Proteobacteria and bacteroidetes took up a dominantly higher proportion in semi-aerobic landfill leachate. To summarize up, different landfill methods and its landfill ages had crucial impacts on bacterial abundance and composition in leachate of semi-aerobic and anaerobic landfills.

关键词： real-time polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis bacterial 16S rRNA gene methane-oxidizing bacteria phylogenetic analysis

Potential of Pteris vittata L. for phytoremediation of sites co-contaminated with cadmium and arsenic: The tolerance and accumulation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第1期20卷 62-67页

作者： XIAO Xiyuan CHEN Tongbin AN Zhizhuang LEI Mei huang zechun LIAO Xiaoyong LIU Yingru Center for Environmental Remediation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China.

Field investigation and greenhouse experiments were conducted to study the tolerance of Pteris vittata L. （Chinese brake） to cadmium （Cd） and its feasibility for remediating sites co-contaminated with Cd and arsenic （As）. The results showed that P. vittata could survive in pot soils spiked with 80 mg/kg of Cd and tolerated as great as 301 mg/kg of total Cd and 26.8 mg/kg of diethyltriaminepenta acetic acid （DTPA）-extractable Cd under field conditions. The highest concentration of Cd in fronds was 186 mg/kg under a total soil concentration of 920 mg As/kg and 98.6 mg Cd/kg in the field, whereas just 2.6 mg/kg under greenhouse conditions. Ecotypes of P. vittata were differentiated in tolerance and accumulation of Cd, and some of them could not only tolerate high concentrations of soil Cd, but also accumulated high concentrations of Cd in their fronds. Arsenic uptake and transportation by P. vittata was not inhibited at lower levels （〈20 mg/kg） of Cd addition. Compared to the treatment without addition of Cd, the frond As concentration was increased by 103.8% at 20 mg Cd/kg, with the highest level of 6434 mg/kg. The results suggested that the Cd-tolerant ecotype of P. vittata extracted effectively As and Cd from the site co-contaminated with Cd and As, and might be used to remediate and revegetate this type of site.

关键词： arsenic (As) cadmium (Cd) Chinese brake (Pteris vittata L.) hyperaccumulator phytoremediation tolerance uptake

Arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris Vittata L. and its arsenic accumulation

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第11期47卷 902-905页

作者： Tongbin Chen Chaoyang Wei zechun huang Qifei huang Quanguo Lu Zilian Fan Chinese Acad Sci Dept Environm Remediat Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res Beijing 100101 Peoples R China

An arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L. (Chinese brake) was first discovered in China by means of field survey and greenhouse cultivation. Field survey showed that Chinese brake had large accumulating capacity to arsenic; the orders of arsenic content in different parts of the fern were as follows: leaves>leafstalks>roots, which is totally different from that of ordinary plants; bioaccumulation coefficients of the above ground parts of the fern decreased as a power function of soil arsenic contents. In the control of pot trials with normal unpolluted soil containing 9mg/kg of arsenic, the bioaccumulation coefficients of the above ground parts and rhizoids of Chinese brake were as high as 71 and 80 respectively. Greenhouse cultivation in the contaminated soil from mining areas has shown that more than 1 times greater arsenic can be accumulated in the leaves of the fern than that of field samples with the largest content of 5070 mg/kg As on a dry matter basis. During greenhouse cultivation, arsenic

关键词： hyperaccumlator Chinese brake arsenic bioaccumu-lation coefficients.

Effect of phosphorus on arsenic accumulation in As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L. and its implication

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第22期47卷 1876-1879页

作者： Tongbin Chen Zhilian Fan Mei Lei zechun huang Chaoyang Wei Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res Lab Environm Remediat Beijing 100101 Peoples R China

Pot experiment was conducted to understand the effect of phosphorus on arsenic accumulation in As-hyperaccumulator Chinese brake (Pteris vittata L.). It is shown that arsenic concentrations in the fronds and rhizoids, the arsenic bioaccumulation factor, and the total arsenic in the fronds were not influenced significantly under low levels of phosphorus (≤400 mg/kg) and increased sharply under high levels of phosphorus (>400 mg/ kg). The discovery implies that the efficiency of arsenic removal in phytoremedia-tion using the hyperaccumulating plant can be greatly elevated by the phosphorus addition at high rates. The interaction between the accumulation of phosphorus and that of arsenic in plant was stimulated mutually. The result represents that Chinese brake is a good material for plant physiologist to conduct comparative and mechanism studies on the uptake behaviors of phosphorus and arsenic, and phosphorus is also a potential accelerator for phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated soils.

关键词： Chinese brake (Pteris vittata L.) hyperaccumulator arsenic phosphorus accumulation.

Subcellular distribution and compartmentalization of arsenic in Pteris vittata L.

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第24期50卷 2843-2849页

作者： CHEN Tongbin YAN Xiulan LIAO Xiaoyong XIAO Xiyuan huang zechun XIE Hua ZHAI Limei Center for Environmental Remediation Institute of Geographic Sciencesand Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The subcellular distribution of arsenic (As) in Pteris vittata L., an As-hyperaccumulator, was studied to de- termine As compartmentalization and to explore the mecha- nisms that confer As tolerance. When the plant was grown in a nutrient solution without additional As, most of the accu- mulated As was isolated to the cell wall. However, in plants growing in a nutrient solution containing 0.1 or 0.2 mmol/L As, approximately 78% of the total As accumulated within the pinna. The proportions of As accumulation in the cyto- plasmic supernatant fraction were 78% of that in the pinna and 61% of that in the plant. In either treatment group (0.1 or 0.2 mmol/L As), the fraction containing the lowest level of As was the organelle fraction. These results suggest that As accumulates in the pinna where it is primarily distributed in the cytoplasmic supernatant fraction. The role of As com- partmentalization may be intricately linked with As detoxi- fication in P. vittata L.

关键词：砷超量聚积植物环境污染亚细胞分布凤尾蕨属

Cellular distribution of Pb and As in leaves of metal-scavenging plant Viola principis H. de Boiss

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2006年第B08期25卷 250-251页

作者： zechun huang Yongbin CHEN Mei LEI Xiaoyong LIAO Yuying huang Center for Environmental Remediation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101China

维普期刊数据库评论

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美国青蛙稻田生态养殖技术

中国水产 2005年第9期 40-41,43页

作者：黄泽春福建省宁化县水产技术推广站 365400

为了减少美国青蛙产品的药残和养殖自身的污染,提高蛙产品品质,确保其食用安全,提高蛙业的市场竞争力和持续发展能力,笔者通过利用蛙沟、蛙田、田埂种植水稻和鱼牧草,养殖美国青蛙和草食性鱼类,形成蛙、稻、草、鱼产业链,对开展稻田生... 详细信息

为了减少美国青蛙产品的药残和养殖自身的污染,提高蛙产品品质,确保其食用安全,提高蛙业的市场竞争力和持续发展能力,笔者通过利用蛙沟、蛙田、田埂种植水稻和鱼牧草,养殖美国青蛙和草食性鱼类,形成蛙、稻、草、鱼产业链,对开展稻田生态养殖美国青蛙进行了深入探讨.

关键词：生态养殖技术稻田生态养殖美国青蛙草食性鱼类产品品质市场竞争力食用安全持续发展产业链

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山区池塘水产品无公害养殖技术探讨

中国水产 2006年第7期 37-39页

作者：黄泽春福建省宁化县水产技术推广站 365400

为引导、组织福建省宁化县1.1万亩池塘养殖的水产品顺利通过市场准入关,确保产品质量和食用安全,我们在抓池塘面积扩大与产量大幅度提高的同时,及时将工作重点转移到池塘水产品无公害养殖上来,从2003年12月起将高堑村商品鱼基地定为试点... 详细信息

为引导、组织福建省宁化县1.1万亩池塘养殖的水产品顺利通过市场准入关,确保产品质量和食用安全,我们在抓池塘面积扩大与产量大幅度提高的同时,及时将工作重点转移到池塘水产品无公害养殖上来,从2003年12月起将高堑村商品鱼基地定为试点,组成无公害水产品养殖技术攻关小组,驻村入户,围绕无公害养殖技术标准的实施,开展池塘水产品无公害产地建设和水产品无公害养殖技术探讨、规范和监控,经过两年的努力收到了很好的效果,现总结如下.

关键词：无公害养殖水产品养殖山区池塘技术探讨商品鱼基地池塘面积食用安全产品质量池塘养殖技术标准

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进口粉末涂料物料固体废物鉴别方法的建立

环境科学研究 2018年第4期31卷 782-788页

作者：郝雅琼李丽黄泽春中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室北京100012

粉末涂料生产过程中产生的固体废物属于我国禁止进口的固体废物,进口粉末涂料物料是否属于固体废物仅凭借口岸监管人员的常识和肉眼观察无法确定,需要通过专门的固体废物鉴别确定,但迄今为止没有粉末涂料物料的固体废物鉴别标准、规范... 详细信息

粉末涂料生产过程中产生的固体废物属于我国禁止进口的固体废物,进口粉末涂料物料是否属于固体废物仅凭借口岸监管人员的常识和肉眼观察无法确定,需要通过专门的固体废物鉴别确定,但迄今为止没有粉末涂料物料的固体废物鉴别标准、规范或方法,因此,非常有必要建立进口粉末涂料物料的固体废物鉴别方法.在对多例进口粉末涂料物料固体废物鉴别实例总结归纳的基础上,建立了其固体废物鉴别方法:(1)确定物料的自然属性,包括利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)分析主要成分;利用低温电炉和马弗炉得到有机物和无机物的大概质量分数;采用X射线荧光光谱(XRF)分析灼烧残渣的主要成分及其质量分数.(2)确定物料的产生来源,判断出物料是否属于粉末涂料产品,具体指通过肉眼观察物理形态和杂质;测量粉末部分的粒度分布;分析粉末部分的容器中状态、粒径分布、涂膜外观和耐冲击性等HG/T 2006—2006《热固性粉末涂料》中要求的指标.(3)确定物料的固体废物属性,即根据GB 34330—2017《固体废物鉴别标准通则》中的相关条款,得出物料的固体废物鉴别结论.利用该方法对海关怀疑为固体废物的以粉末涂料产品名义申报进口的两种物料进行了固体废物鉴别,鉴别结果显示,两种物料均产生于粉末涂料产品生产过程,分别为不合格粉或者过期粉和超细粉,均属于我国禁止进口的固体废物,显示所建立的固体废物鉴别方法可行,可为进口粉末涂料生产过程中产生的物料的固体废物鉴别和监管提供参考.

关键词：粉末涂料固体废物鉴别方法