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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第9期13卷 550-555页

作者： zachary visinoni Neeladri Misra Daniel Jurewitz Department of Graduate Medical Education Internal Medicine Residency Sutter Roseville Medical Center Roseville USA Sutter Medical Group Roseville USA Sutter Medical Group Cardiology Roseville USA

Two classes of rate controlling medications—beta blockers (BBs) and non- dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (CCBs)—are given to patients who present with atrial fibrillation (AF) with rapid ventricular response (RVR). Both are Class I recommendations from the American Heart Association (AHA), American College of Cardiology (ACC), and Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) for the management of AF with RVR. Multiple studies support the view that diltiazem is more effective than metoprolol, even though data from the AFFIRM trial suggests BBs are more frequently used. CCBs are generally avoided in AF with RVR patients who have concomitant heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) for concern of triggering decompensation. However, some recent studies indicate this idea may be unfounded. The aim of this article is to compare the efficacy of diltiazem and metoprolol for rate control in AF with RVR and examine the use of diltiazem in patients with both AF with RVR and HFrEF.

关键词： Atrial Fibrillation Rapid Ventricular Response Diltiazem Metoprolol Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction

Primary Left Atrial Intimal Sarcoma Disguised as Functional Mitral Stenosis: A Case Study

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2023年第9期12卷 339-344页

作者： zachary visinoni Frances Patmon Rishi Menon Department of Graduation Medical Education Internal Medicine Residency Sutter Roseville Medical Center Roseville USA Roseville Cardiology Roseville USA

A 66-year-old female with a 1-month history of increasing fatigue, dyspnea on exertion, and palpitations presented with clinical signs of heart failure. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a large, mobile left atrial (LA) mass attached to the mitral valve causing severe mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation. The mass was surgically debulked and the mitral valve was replaced. Pathology revealed a poorly differentiated malignant spindle cell neoplasm with diffuse nuclear positivity of MDM2 and multifocal positivity of CDK4, consistent with intimal sarcoma. This case seeks to describe an uncommon presentation of a rare malignancy, and the surgical and medical management of the disease.

关键词： Intimal Sarcoma Cardiac Tumor Mitral Stenosis Atrial Mass

A Rare Case of Aortic Valve Endocarditis and Acute Meningitis Due to Haemophilus influenzae

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第6期13卷 207-211页

作者： zachary M. visinoni Justin D. Tse Christopher F. Pease Department of Graduate Medical Education Internal Medicine Residency Sutter Roseville Medical Center Roseville USA Sutter Medical Group Roseville USA

HACEK organisms represent a rare but important group of causative pathogens in endocarditis. These bacteria have historically been associated with culture-negative endocarditis;however, modern laboratory techniques have made this less common. In this case, we present a 74-year-old man who presented with acute onset altered mentation, fever, and sepsis. He was ultimately found to have Haemophilus influenzae meningitis, cerebral empyema, aortic valve endocarditis, psoas myositis, and L2 - L3 diskitis with osteomyelitis. Although HACEK organisms are commonly found in the oropharynx and upper respiratory tract in humans, our patient did not report recent preceding dental or ENT procedures. H. influenzae is responsible for approximately 0.16% of all cases of bacterial endocarditis, representing a very limited subset. Although generally considered low virulent pathogens, this case demonstrates the unusual extent of infection from a HACEK organism, H. influenzae, causing aortic valve endocarditis as well as atypical non-cardiac sequelae, including acute meningitis.

关键词： HACEK Haemophilus influenzae Aortic Valve Endocarditis Bacterial Meningitis Cerebral Empyema

Spastin and alsin protein interactome analyses begin to reveal key canonical pathways and suggest novel druggable targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 725-739页

作者： Benjamin R.Helmold Angela Ahrens zachary Fitzgerald P.Hande Ozdinler Department of Neurology Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery Center for Developmental TherapeuticsChemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Feinberg School of Medicine Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA

Developing effective and long-term treatment strategies for rare and complex neurodegenerative diseases is challenging. One of the major roadblocks is the extensive heterogeneity among patients. This hinders understanding the underlying disease-causing mechanisms and building solutions that have implications for a broad spectrum of patients. One potential solution is to develop personalized medicine approaches based on strategies that target the most prevalent cellular events that are perturbed in patients. Especially in patients with a known genetic mutation, it may be possible to understand how these mutations contribute to problems that lead to neurodegeneration. Protein–protein interaction analyses offer great advantages for revealing how proteins interact, which cellular events are primarily involved in these interactions, and how they become affected when key genes are mutated in patients. This line of investigation also suggests novel druggable targets for patients with different mutations. Here, we focus on alsin and spastin, two proteins that are identified as “causative” for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and hereditary spastic paraplegia, respectively, when mutated. Our review analyzes the protein interactome for alsin and spastin, the canonical pathways that are primarily important for each protein domain, as well as compounds that are either Food and Drug Administration–approved or are in active clinical trials concerning the affected cellular pathways. This line of research begins to pave the way for personalized medicine approaches that are desperately needed for rare neurodegenerative diseases that are complex and heterogeneous.

关键词： ALS2 alsin amyotrophic lateral sclerosis hereditary spastic paraplegia neurodegenerative diseases personalized medicine precision medicine protein interactome protein-protein interactions SPAST spastin

What strategies are implied by STRATEGY?

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2017年第3期60卷 319-320页

作者： zachary Bloomgarden Department of Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY 10029USA

Weng and coauthors enrolled 5,535 type 2 diabetic patients in a study of the combined effect of metformin with sitagliptin,nearly half achieving HbAlc〈7.0%,with an average 0.85%fall from a baseline of 8.03%.This supp... 详细信息

关键词：隐含二甲双胍 2型糖尿病联合效应抑制剂

A Multi-Point Distance-Bounding Protocol for Securing Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Applications

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2020年第4期35卷 825-842页

作者： zachary P.Languell Qijun Gu Department of Computer Science Texas State UniversitySan MarcosTX 78666USA

The Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast(ADS-B)protocol is being adopted for use in unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)as the primary source of information for emerging multi-UAV collision avoidance *** lack of security features in ADS-B leaves any processes dependent upon the information vulnerable to a variety of threats from compromised and dishonest *** could result in substantial losses or damage to *** research proposes a new distance-bounding scheme for verifying the distance and flight trajectory in the ADS-B broadcast data from surrounding *** proposed scheme enables UAVs or ground stations to identify fraudulent UAVs and avoid *** scheme was implemented and tested in the ArduPilot SITL(Software In The Loop)simulator to verify its ability to detect fraudulent *** experiments showed that the scheme achieved the desired accuracy in both flight trajectory measurement and attack detection.

关键词： automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) distance bounding collision airspace safety

Transcription factors promote neural regeneration after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第11期17卷 2439-2440页

作者： zachary Finkel Li Cai Department of Biomedical Engineering Rutgers University

Human spinal cord injury (SCI) results in locomotor and sensory disabilities,which severely affect the quality of *** restore function after SCI,it is necessary to repair and reconstruct the damaged local *** hurdles in neural regeneration include a limited level of neurogenesis in the adult spinal cord and an inflammatory microenvironment that inhibits neurogenesis and axon regeneration.

关键词： neural injury SCI

First integrals of the axisymmetric shape equation of lipid membranes

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第3期27卷 551-559页

作者： Yi-Heng Zhang zachary McDargh Zhan-Chun Tu Department of Physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Physics Carnegie Mellon University5000 Forbes AvenuePittsburgh PA 15213USA

The shape equation of lipid membranes is a fourth-order partial differential *** the axisymmetric condi-tion,this equation was transformed into a second-order ordinary differential equation(ODE)by Zheng and Liu(***.E 482856(1993)).Here we try to further reduce this second-order ODE to a first-order ***,we invert the usual process of variational calculus,that is,we construct a Lagrangian for which the ODE is the corresponding Euler-Lagrange ***,we seek symmetries of this Lagrangian according to the Noether *** a certain restriction on Lie groups of the shape equation,we find that the first integral only exists when the shape equation is identical to the Will-more equation,in which case the symmetry leading to the first integral is scale *** also obtain the mechanical interpretation of the first integral by using the membrane stress tensor.

关键词： lipid membrane shape equation first integral Noether theorem

From landrace to modern hybrid broccoli:the genomic and morphological domestication syndrome within a diverse *** collection

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 574-590页

作者： zachary Stansell Thomas Björkman Cornell University School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14850USA Cornell AgriTech Cornell UniversityGenevaNY 14456USA

Worldwide,broccoli(Brassica oleracea ***)is among the most economically important,nutritionally rich,and widely-grown vegetable *** explore the genomic basis of the dramatic changes in broccoli morphology in the last century,we evaluated 109 broccoli or broccoli/cauliflower intermediates for 24 horticultural ***-bysequencing markers were used to determine four subpopulations within italica:Calabrese broccoli landraces and hybrids,sprouting broccoli,and violet cauliflower,and to evaluate between and within group relatedness and *** overall horticultural quality and harvest index of improved hybrid broccoli germplasm has increased by year of cultivar release,this improvement has been accompanied by a considerable reduction in allelic diversity when compared to the larger pool of *** landraces are the most likely founding source of modern broccoli hybrids,and within these modern hybrids,we identified 13 reduction-in-diversity genomic regions,53 selective sweeps,and 30(>1 Mbp)runs of *** accessions collected in southern Italy contained 4.8-fold greater unique alleles per accessions compared to modern hybrids and provide a valuable resource in subsequent improvement *** work broadens the understanding of broccoli germplasm,informs conservation efforts,and enables breeding for complex quality traits and regionally adapted cultivars.

关键词： cultivar germplasm breeding

Exogenous reference gene normalization for real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis under dynamic endogenous transcription

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第14期7卷 1064-1072页

作者： Stephen Johnston zachary Gallaher Krzysztof Czaja Programs in Neuroscience and Department of Veterinary and Comparative Anatomy Pharmacology and Physiology College of Veterinary Medicine Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-6520 USA

Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （qPCR） is widely used to investigate transcriptional changes following experimental manipulations to the nervous system. Despite the widespread utilization of qPCR, the interpretation of results is marred by the lack of a suitable reference gene due to the dynamic nature of endogenous transcription. To address this inherent deficiency, we investigated the use of an exogenous spike-in mRNA, luciferase, as an internal reference gene for the 2ct normalization method. To induce dynamic transcription, we systemically administered capsaicin, a neurotoxJn selective for C-type sensory neurons expressing the TRPV-1 receptor, to adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. We later isolated nodose ganglia for qPCR analysis with the reference being either exogenous luciferase mRNA or the commonly used endogenous reference 13-111 tubulin. The exogenous luciferase mRNA reference clearly demonstrated the dynamic expression of the endogenous reference. Furthermore, variability of the endogenous reference would lead to misinterpretation of other genes of interest. In conclusion, traditional reference genes are often unstable under physiologically normal situations, and certainly unstable following the damage to the nervous system. The use of exogenous spike-in reference provides a consistent and easily implemented alternative for the analysis of qPCR data.

关键词： exogenous reference gene sensory ganglia reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction normalization injury neural regeneration