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Repair of traumatic plasmalemmal damage to neurons and other eukaryotic cells

Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第7期11卷 1033-1042页

作者： George d.Bittner Christopher S.Spaeth Andrew d.Poon zachary S.Burgess Christopher H.Mc Gill department of Neuroscience The University of Texas at Austin

The repair（sealing） of plasmalemmal damage,consisting of small holes to complete transections,is critical for cell survival,especially for neurons that rarely regenerate cell *** first describe and evaluate different measures of cell *** measures,including morphological/ultra-structural observations,membrane potential,and input resistance,provide very ambiguous assessments of plasmalemmal *** contrast,measures of ionic current flow and dye barriers can,if appropriately used,provide more accurate *** describe the effects of various substances（calcium,calpains,cytoskeletal proteins,ESCRT proteins,m UNC-13,NSF,PEG） and biochemical pathways（PKA,PKC,PLC,Epac,cytosolic oxidation） on plasmalemmal sealing probability,and suggest that substances,pathways,and cellular events associated with plasmalemmal sealing have undergone a very conservative *** sealing,calcium ion influx mobilizes vesicles and other membranous structures（lysosomes,mitochondria,etc.） in a continuous fashion to form a vesicular plug that gradually restricts diffusion of increasingly smaller molecules and ions over a period of seconds to ***,we find no direct evidence that sealing occurs through the collapse and fusion of severed plasmalemmal leaflets,or in a single step involving the fusion of one large wound vesicle with the nearby,undamaged *** describe how increases in perikaryal calcium levels following axonal transection account for observations that cell body survival decreases the closer an axon is transected to the ***,we speculate on relationships between plasmalemmal sealing,Wallerian degeneration,and the ability of polyethylene glycol（PEG） to seal cell membranes and rejoin severed axonal ends – an important consideration for the future treatment of trauma to peripheral nerves.A better knowledge of biochemical pathways and cytoplasmic structures involved in plasmalemmal sealing might provide insights to develo

关键词： sealing traumatic eukaryotic vesicles axonal membranous closer biochemical vesicular muscular

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Multi-component liquid-infused systems:a new approach to functional coatings

Industrial Chemistry & Materials

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Industrial Chemistry & Materials 2024年第3期2卷 378-392页

作者： zachary Applebee Caitlin Howell department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Maine College of Engineering and ComputingUniversity of MaineME 04469USA Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering University of MaineME 04469USA

Antifouling liquid-infused surfaces have generated interest in multiple fields due to their diverse applications in industry and *** nearly all reports to date,the liquid component consists of only one chemical ***,unlike traditional solid surfaces,the unique nature of liquid surfaces holds the potential for synergistic and even adaptive functionality simply by including additional elements in the liquid *** this work,we explore the concept of multi-component liquid-infused systems,in which the coating liquid consists of a primary liquid and a secondary component or components that provide additional *** ease of understanding,we categorize recently reported multi-component liquid-infused surfaces according to the size of the secondary components:molecular scale,in which the secondary components are molecules;nanoscale,in which they are nanoparticles or their equivalent;and microscale,in which the additional components are micrometer size or *** present examples at each scale,showing how introducing a secondary element into the liquid can result in synergistic effects,such as maintaining a pristine surface while actively modifying the surrounding environment,which are difficult to achieve in other surface *** review highlights the diversity of fabrication methods and provides perspectives on future research *** secondary components into the liquid matrix of liquid-infused surfaces is a promising strategy with significant potential to create a new class of multifunctional materials.

关键词： Active surfaces Antimicrobial Antifouling Interfaces Sensing surfaces

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Old vs new: Risk factors predicting early onset colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第11期11卷 1011-1020页

作者： Aslam R Syed Payal Thakkar zachary d Horne Heitham Abdul-Baki Gursimran Kochhar Katie Farah Shyam Thakkar division of Gastroenterology Allegheny Health NetworkPittsburghPA 15212United States Allegheny Singer Research Institute Allegheny Health NetworkPittsburghPA 15212United States division of Radiation Oncology Allegheny Health Network Cancer InstitutePittsburghPA 15212United States

BACKGROUNd Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second leading cause of all cancer related deaths in the United States and *** the incidence has been decreasing for individuals’≥50,it has been on the rise for individualsdentify potential risk factors for early-onset *** A population-based cohort analysis using a national database,Explorys,screened all patients with an active electronic medical record from January 2012 to december 2016 with a diagnosis of *** were stratified based on age(25–49 years vs≥50 years).demographics,comorbidities,and symptom profiles were recorded and compared between both age ***,the younger group was also compared with a control group consisting of individuals aged 25-49 years within the same timeframe without a diagnosis of *** points for CRC related factors were analyzed to identify potential risk factors specific to early-onset *** A total of 68860 patients were identified with CRC,of which 5710(8.3%)were younger than 50 years old,with 4140(73%)between 40-49 years of *** analysis was reported using odds ratio(OR)with 95%CI and demonstrated that several factors were associated with an increased risk of CRC in the early-onset group versus the later-onset *** factors included:African-American race(OR 1.18,95%CI:1.09-1.27,Pdominal pain(OR 1.82,95%CI:1.72-1.92,Pd bowel function(OR 1.12,95%CI:1.05-1.19,P=0.0005),having a family history of any cancer(OR 1.78,95%CI:1.67-1.90,Pd obesity(OR 1.14,95%CI:1.08-1.20,Pd with an increased risk of CRC were:male gender(OR 1.34,95%CI:1.27-1.41),Pd African-American race(OR 1

关键词： Colorectal cancer Early-onset colorectal cancer Colorectal cancer screening Epidemiology analysis Colorectal neoplasm Average-risk screening

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Exercise is mitochondrial medicine for muscle

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2019年第1期1卷 11-18页

作者： Ashley N.Oliveira david A.hood Muscle Health Research Centre School of Kinesiology and Health ScienceYork UniversityTorontoOntarioCanada

Mitochondria are vital organelles that provide energy for muscle *** these organelles become dysfunctional,they produce less energy as well as excessive levels of reactive oxygen species which can trigger muscle atrophy,weakness and loss of *** this review,molecular evidence is provided to show that exercise serves as a useful therapeutic countermeasure to overcome mitochondrial dysfunction,even when key regulators of organelle biogenesis are *** findings illustrate the complexity and compensatory nature of exercise-induced molecular signaling to transcription,as well as to post-transcriptional events within the mitochondrial synthesis and degradation(***)*** with the first bout of contractile activity,exercise exerts a medicinal effect to improve mitochondrial health and whole muscle function.

关键词： Mitochondria Muscle Exercise Health Aging Metabolism Training

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Locoregional IL-2 low dose applications for gastrointestinal tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第35期11卷 5525-5529页

作者： zachary Krastev V Koltchakov R Tomova S deredjian A Alexiev d Popov B Tomov Jan-Willem Koten John Jacobs Willem den Otter Clinic of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine University Hospital Blvd. Iv.Geshov 15Sofia 1431Bulgaria department of Pathobiology PO Box 80.178 3508 TD Utrecht The Netherlands Clinic of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine Univeisity Hospital Blvd. Iv.Geshov 15Sofia 1431Bulgaria

AIM： To explore the feasibility of local interleukin 2 （IL-2） in patients with different forms of abdominal cancer. This required experimentation with the time interval between IL-2 applications and the methods of application. METHOdS： Sixteen patients with stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ of gastrointestinal malignancies （primary or metastatic） who were admitted to our department of Gastroenterology were treated with Iocoregionally applied IL-2 in low doses. RESULTS： No major problems applying Iocoregional IL-2 were encountered. In 6 out of 16 patients, a modest but clinically worthwhile improvement was obtained. Adverse effects were minimal. The therapeutic scheme was well tolerated, even in patients in a poor condition. CONCLUSION： This study demonstrates the feasibility of low dose Iocoregional IL-2 application in advanced abdominal cancer. Local IL-2 therapy gives only negligible adverse effects. The results suggest that it is important to apply intratumorally. Local IL-2 may be given adjunct to standard therapeutic regimes and does not imply complex surgical interventions. These initial results are encouraging.

关键词： Interleukin-2 Local IL-2 therapy Gastrointestinalcancer

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Methodologies for preparation of prokaryotic extracts for cell-free expression systems

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2020年第4期5卷 252-267页

作者： Stephanie d.Cole Aleksandr E.Miklos Abel C.Chiao zachary Z.Sun Matthew W.Lux US Army Combat Capabilities development Command Chemical Biological Center 8567 Ricketts Point RoadAberdeen Proving GroundMD21010USA division of Biology and Biological Engineering California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA Synvitrobio Inc. San FranciscoCAUSA 8567 Ricketts Point Road Bldg E3549 Room B140APGMD21010USA

Cell-free systems that mimic essential cell functions,such as gene expression,have dramatically expanded in recent years,both in terms of applications and widespread *** we provide a review of cell-extract methods,with a specific focus on prokaryotic ***,we describe the diversity of Escherichia coli genetic strains available and their corresponding *** then trace the history of cell-extract methodology over the past 20 years,showing key improvements that lower the entry level for new ***,we survey the rise of new prokaryotic cell-free systems,with associated methods,and the opportunities ***,we use this historical perspective to comment on the role of methodology improvements and highlight where further improvements may be possible.

关键词： Cell-free systems Cell-free expression Cell-free extract Synthetic biology Methods

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A photoswitchable organocatalyst controls trimethylene carbonate and δ-valerolactone copolymerization

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Science Bulletin 2018年第22期63卷 1460-1461页

作者： Madeline N.Riffel zachary C.Hern Paula L.diaconescu department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California

Switchable catalysts can be reversibly altered to produce two (or more)states displaying orthogonal *** use of compounds containing a "switchable"unit in ring opening polymerization (ROP)of cyclic esters and ethers has been an attractive area of research due to the biosourced and biodegradable nature of the polymers produced and enhanced control of the polymer structure. Such systems for ROP have been reported using various stimuli such as temperature [1],redox [2-6] or chemical reagents [7,8], electrodes [9],and,recently,light [10].

关键词：催化剂状态

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Formation of Mercury(II)-Glutathione Conjugates Examined Using High Mass Accuracy Mass Spectrometry

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International Journal of Analytical Mass Spectrometry and Chromatography 2013年第2期1卷 90-94页

作者： zachary Fine Troy d. Wood department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University at Buffalo State University of New York Buffalo USA department of Chemistry University at Buffalo State University of New York Buffalo USA

Maternal exposure to Hg(II) during pregnancy has been identified as a potential causal factor in the development of severe neurobehavioral disorders. Children with autism have been identified with lower reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratios, and GSH is known to strongly bind Hg(II). In order to gain insight into the mechanism by which GSH binds Hg(II), high resolution mass spectrometry coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was utilized to examine the conjugation process. While the 1:1 Hg(II):GSH conjugate is not formed immediately upon mixing aqueous solutions of Hg(II) and GSH, two species containing Hg(II) are observed:the 1:2 Hg(II):GSH conjugate, [(GS)2 Hg + H+], and a second Hg(II)-containing species around m/z 544. Interestingly, this species at m/z 544 decreases in time while the presence of the 1:1 Hg(II):GSH conjugate increases, suggesting that m/z 544 is an intermediate in the formation of the 1:1 conjugate. Experiments using the high mass accuracy capability of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry coupled to an electrospray ionization source indicate that the intermediate species is [GSH + HgCl]+, andnotthe 1:1 conjugate [Hg(GSH) – H + 2H2O]+postulated in previous literature. Further confirmation of [GSH + HgCl]+ is supported by collisionofinduced dissociation experiments, which show neutral loss of HCl from the intermediate and loss of the N- and C-terminal amino acids, indicating binding of Hg(II) at the Cys residue.

关键词： Glutathione Mercury FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Synthesis of RE(OH)_2Cl and REOCl (RE=Eu, Tb) nanostructures

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Journal of Rare Earths 2008年第2期26卷 131-135页

作者： S. V. Mahajan J. Hart J. hood A. Everheart M. L. Redigolo d. S. Koktysh E. A. Payzant J. H. dickerson Interdisciplinary Program in Materials Science Vanderbilt UniversityNashville TN 37235 USAVanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashville TN 37235 USA department of Physics and Astronomy Vanderbilt UniversityNashville TN 37235 USA department of Physics and Astronomy Vanderbilt UniversityNashville TN 37235 USAVanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashville TN 37235 USA department of Chemistry Vanderbilt UniversityNashville TN 37235 USAVanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashville TN 37235 USA Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge TN 37831 USA

Anisotropic structures, nanoneedles, and nanospindles of rare earth hydroxychloride （RE（OH）2Cl） and oxychloride （REOCl）（rare earth=Eu and Tb） were synthesized. The rare earth hydroxychloride nanostructures were formed via a thermally assisted hydrolysis of the rare-earth sesquioxide nanocrystals. The morphological evolution of the nanostructures was studied using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, while the structural evolution was investigated using X-ray diffraction techniques. The thermal stability of the rare earth hydroxychlorides was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis. The rare earth oxychloride nanospindles were synthesized via a simple heat-treatment of rare earth hydroxychloride nanospindles.

关键词： rare-earth hydroxychloride rare-earth oxychloride rare earth sesquioxide nanoneedle nanospindle lanthanide

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Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor sertraline inhibits bone healing in a calvarial defect model

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International Journal of Oral Science 2018年第4期10卷 212-222页

作者： R.Nicole Howie Samuel Herberg Emily durham zachary Grey Grace Bennfors Mohammed Elsalanty Amanda C.LaRue William d.Hill James J.Cray Oral Health Sciences Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Biomedical Engineering Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Cellular Biology and Anatomy Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA Oral Biology Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA Orthopaedic Surgery Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA Research Service of the Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center CharlestonSCUSA Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center AugustaGAUSA department of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Biology CharlestonSCUSA Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNCUSA division of Anatomy College of MedicineOhio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Bone wound healing is a highly dynamic and precisely controlled process through which damaged bone undergoes repair and complete regeneration. External factors can alter this process, leading to delayed or failed bone wound healing. The findings of recent studies suggest that the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs) can reduce bone mass, precipitate osteoporotic fractures and increase the rate of dental implant failure. With 10% of Americans prescribed antidepressants, the potential of SSRIs to impair bone healing may adversely affect millions of patients’ ability to heal after sustaining trauma. Here, we investigate the effect of the SSRI sertraline on bone healing through pre-treatment with(10 mg·kg-1sertraline in drinking water, n = 26) or without(control, n = 30) SSRI followed by the creation of a 5-mm calvarial defect. Animals were randomized into three surgical groups:(a) empty/sham,(b) implanted with a dermaMatrix scaffold soak-loaded with sterile PBS or(c) dermaMatrix soak-loaded with542.5 ng BMP2. SSRI exposure continued until sacrifice in the exposed groups at 4 weeks after surgery. Sertraline exposure resulted in decreased bone healing with significant decreases in trabecular thickness, trabecular number and osteoclast dysfunction while significantly increasing mature collagen fiber formation. These findings indicate that sertraline exposure can impair bone wound healing through disruption of bone repair and regeneration while promoting or defaulting to scar formation within the defect site.

关键词： Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor sertraline inhibits bone healing in a calvarial defect model

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