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Tire-derived carbon for catalytic preparation of biofuels from feedstocks containing free fatty acids

Carbon Resources Conversion 2018年第2期1卷 165-173页

作者： zachary d.hood Shiba P.Adhikari Samuel F.Evans Hui Wang Yunchao Li Amit K.Naskar Miaofang Chi Abdou Lachgar M.Parans Paranthaman School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA department of Chemistry Wake Forest UniversityWinston-SalemNC 27109USA Center for Energy Environmentand Sustainability(CEES)Wake Forest UniversityWinston-SalemNC 27109USA Chemical Sciences division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Mechanical Engineering and Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40292USA Materials Science and Technology division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Materials Science and Technology division(MSTd) Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA

The utilization of waste feedstocks rich in free fatty acids(FFAs)improves biofuel production on the basis of economics and ***,converting these feedstocks to usable biofuel poses inherent problems in terms of the FFA to biofuel conversion yield and the catalyst ***,we report novel ferric sulfate impregnated carbon derived from waste tires as highly active catalysts for FFA to biofuel *** approach takes advantage of facile synthesis methods involving sonication and dehydration processes to create materials that are useful for the efficient catalytic conversion of FFAs to advanced *** of FFAs to fatty acid methyl esters was achieved at 65C and atmospheric pressure with>98%yield even in the presence of *** catalysts maintained similar activity after four successive uses,which indicates that the active catalytic sites are effectively supported by the three-dimensional meso/microporous architecture of the tire-derived carbon.

关键词： Biofuels Solid acidcatalyst Recycled tires Free fattyacids Esterification

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光催化半导体材料中表面羟基诱导的缺陷结构衍化

光催化半导体材料中表面羟基诱导的缺陷结构衍化

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中国化学会第三届中国能源材料化学研讨会

作者：吴素娟孙建国吴一凡 zachary d.hood 孙立东重庆大学材料科学与工程学院 Oak Ridge National Laboratory

宽带隙半导体光催化材料中引入缺陷,可有效拓展光吸收范围,提高太阳能转化效率,是光催化材料改性研究的有效手段之一。特别是在氧化物半导体材料中的氧缺陷,因其能够有效的改善材料电子能带结构,电荷输运,同时在光催化反应中它作为重要...

宽带隙半导体光催化材料中引入缺陷,可有效拓展光吸收范围,提高太阳能转化效率,是光催化材料改性研究的有效手段之一。特别是在氧化物半导体材料中的氧缺陷,因其能够有效的改善材料电子能带结构,电荷输运,同时在光催化反应中它作为重要的吸附位和活性点,显著地影响着光催化活性。

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Spastin and alsin protein interactome analyses begin to reveal key canonical pathways and suggest novel druggable targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 725-739页

作者： Benjamin R.Helmold Angela Ahrens zachary Fitzgerald P.Hande Ozdinler department of Neurology Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Center for Molecular Innovation and drug discovery Center for Developmental TherapeuticsChemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s disease Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Feinberg School of Medicine Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA

developing effective and long-term treatment strategies for rare and complex neurodegenerative diseases is challenging. One of the major roadblocks is the extensive heterogeneity among patients. This hinders understanding the underlying disease-causing mechanisms and building solutions that have implications for a broad spectrum of patients. One potential solution is to develop personalized medicine approaches based on strategies that target the most prevalent cellular events that are perturbed in patients. Especially in patients with a known genetic mutation, it may be possible to understand how these mutations contribute to problems that lead to neurodegeneration. Protein–protein interaction analyses offer great advantages for revealing how proteins interact, which cellular events are primarily involved in these interactions, and how they become affected when key genes are mutated in patients. This line of investigation also suggests novel druggable targets for patients with different mutations. Here, we focus on alsin and spastin, two proteins that are identified as “causative” for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and hereditary spastic paraplegia, respectively, when mutated. Our review analyzes the protein interactome for alsin and spastin, the canonical pathways that are primarily important for each protein domain, as well as compounds that are either Food and drug Administration–approved or are in active clinical trials concerning the affected cellular pathways. This line of research begins to pave the way for personalized medicine approaches that are desperately needed for rare neurodegenerative diseases that are complex and heterogeneous.

关键词： ALS2 alsin amyotrophic lateral sclerosis hereditary spastic paraplegia neurodegenerative diseases personalized medicine precision medicine protein interactome protein-protein interactions SPAST spastin

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Utilizing multiphoton imaging and integrative clearing to reveal sex differences in neuroimmune interactions after nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第11期17卷 2429-2430页

作者： zachary W.Castillo Michael d.Burton Neuroimmunology and Behavior Laboratory Department of NeuroscienceSchool of Behavioral and Brain SciencesCenter for Advanced Pain StudiesUniversity of Texas at Dallas

With the constant development of multiphoton microscopy,our ability to observe complex and dynamic biological processes deeper within living tissue,is steadily *** use multiphoton microscopy,because experiments can be conducted with little to no invasiveness or tissue damage over a long period of time with no photodamage(Mancuso et al.,2009).This allows for the introduction of tissue into the context of a three-dimensional 3d environment in which visualization of cellular activation and interaction is *** circumventing a distorted reconstruction with limited z-stacks,multiphoton imaging provides enhanced spatiotemporal resolution.

关键词： resolution. multiphoton distorted

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Human Gut Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2018年第1期16卷 33-49页

作者： Changting Meng Chunmei Bai Thomas d. Brown Leroy E. hood Qiang Tian Institute for Systems Biology Seattle WA 98109 USA department of Oncology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730 China Swedish Cancer Institute Seattle WA 98104 USA P4 Medicine Institute Seattle WA 98109 USA

Human gut microbiota play an essential role in both healthy and diseased states of humans. In the past decade, the interactions between microorganisms and tumors have attracted much attention in the efforts to understand various features of the complex microbial communities, as well as the possible mechanisms through which the microbiota are involved in cancer prevention, carcinogenesis, and anti-cancer therapy. A large number of studies have indicated that microbial dysbiosis contributes to cancer susceptibility via multiple pathways. Further studies have suggested that the microbiota and their associated metabolites are not only closely related to carcinogenesis by inducing inflammation and immune dysregulation, which lead to genetic instability, but also inter- fere with the pharmacodynamics of anticancer agents. In this article, we mainly reviewed the influ- ence of gut microbiota on cancers in the gastrointestinal （GI） tract （including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, liver, and pancreatic cancers） and the regulation of microbiota by diet, prebiotics, pro- biotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, or the Traditional Chinese Medicine. We also proposed some new strategies in the prevention and treatment of GI cancers that could be explored in the future. We hope that this review could provide a comprehensive overview of the studies on the interactions between the gut microbiota and GI cancers, which are likely to yield translational opportunities to reduce cancer morbidity and mortality by improving prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

关键词： Inflammation Immune regulation Microbial metabolites Carcinogenesis Traditional ChineseMedicine

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Impact of hydrolysis on surface area and energy storage applications of activated carbons produced from corn fiber and soy hulls

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2020年第1期3卷 19-28页

作者： zachary d.Herde Ruchira dharmasena Gamini Sumanasekera Jaya Shankar Tumuluru Jagannadh Satyavolu Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA Energy Systems Laboratory Idaho National LaboratoryIdaho FallsIDUSA School of Chemical and Biomolecular Eng Georgia Institute of TechnologyUnited States

Complete utilization of lignocellulosic biomass through the creation of value-added coproducts is one of the key strategies of the Bioenergy Technologies Office(BETO)for the cost-effective production of biofuels and biochemicals.A green approach to producing lightweight and high specific surface area(SSA)activated carbons(ACs)from sustainable biomass sources is of great interest to producers and users of energy devices such as batteries and *** direct conversion from biomass has been studied extensively,AC with relatively high surface areas can be produced more cost-effectively when leveraged as a co-product from a *** this paper,we discuss the production of high specific surface area activated carbons from residual fiber(fiber remaining after extraction of C5-sugars)generated as part of a C5 *** surface,morphological characteristics using SEM and TEM,and energy storage behavior of ACs produced using the C5 extracted residual fiber were evaluated in the present *** ACs produced from the residual fiber delivered an order of magnitude higher surface area than the one directly from corn pericarp fiber and soy *** surface area of the ACs produced from pre-hydrolysis ddG was only 10 m^(2)/g compared to 689 m^(2)/g for soy hulls whereas after hydrolysis these values increased significantly(ddG:1700 m^(2)/g and soy hulls:1300 m^(2)/g).TEM images indicated high exfoliation,explaining the change in surface area *** the same current density(500 mA/g)the cycling performance of the ACs increased as the surface area increased significantly.

关键词： Agricultural residues Hydrolysis Activated carbon Surface area characterization Surface morphology

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Facile synthesis of intra-nanogap enhanced Raman tags with different shapes

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8415-8423页

作者： Sanjun Fan Brian T.Scarpitti Zhewen Luo Abigail E.Smith Jian Ye zachary d.Schultz department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

Hot spot engineering in plasmonic nanostructures plays a significant role in surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)for bioanalysis and cell ***,creating stable,reproducible,and strong SERS signals remains challenging due to the potential interference from surrounding chemicals and locating SERS-active analytes into hot-spot ***,we developed a straightforward approach to synthesize intra-gap nanoparticles encapsulating 4-nitrobenzenethiol(4-NBT)as a reporter molecule within these gaps to avoid outside *** made three kinds of intra-gap nanoparticles using nanorods,bipyramids,and nanospheres as cores,in which the nanorods based intra-gap nanoparticles exhibit the highest SERS *** advantage of our method is the ease of preparation of high-yield and stable intra-gap nanoparticles characterized by a short incubation time(10 min)with 4-NBT and quick synthesis without requiring an additional step to centrifuge for the purification of core *** intense localized field in the synthesized hot spots of these plasmonic gap nanostructures holds great promise as a SERS substrate for a broad range of quantitative optical applications.

关键词： hot spot engineering surface enhanced Raman scattering intra-gap nanoparticles 4-nitrobenzenethiol

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Bipolar depression:a review of treatment options

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General Psychiatry 2022年第4期35卷 230-239页

作者： Kate Levenberg zachary A Cordner Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA

Bipolar depression(Bd-d)is both common and incredibly challenging to *** treated individuals with Bd-d experience depression approximately 19%of the time,and subsyndromal depression an additional 18%.This stands in clear contrast to the approximately 10%of time spent in hypomania and 1%of time spent in *** this high illness burden,there remain relatively few treatment options approved by the US Food and drug Administration for *** the approved medications,four are second-generation antipsychotics(SGAs)and one is an SGA combined with an ***,particularly when used long-term,antipsychotics can pose a significant risk of adverse effects,raising the clinical conundrum of weighing the risks associated with longterm antipsychotic use versus the risk of relapse when patients are off ***,we review commonly used treatments for Bd-d,including antipsychotics,classic mood stabilisers,electroconvulsive therapy and *** then address the somewhat controversial topic of antidepressant use in ***,we summarise emerging treatment options and highlight ongoing clinical *** hope this review will help compare the risks and benefits of several common and novel options for the treatment of patients with *** doing so,we also hope this review will aid the individualised selection of treatments based on each patient’s history and treatment goals.

关键词： treatment spite approved

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The pervasive effects of lighting environments on sensory drive in bluefin killifish： an investigation into male/male competition, female choice, and predation

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Current Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 499-512页

作者： Lisa d. MITCHEM Shannon STANIS Nicholas M. SUTTON zachary TURNER Rebecca C. FULLER School of Integrative Biology University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA department of Biology University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22904 USA department of Mathematics University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA

Sensory drive predicts that the conditions under which signaling takes place have large effects on signals, sensory systems, and behavior. The coupling of an ecological genetics approach with sen sory drive has been fruitful. An ecological genetics approach compares populations that experi ence different environments and asks whether population differences are adaptive and are the result of genetic and/or environmental variation. The multifaceted effects of signaling environ ments are wellexemplified by the bluefin killifish. In this system, males with blue anal fins are abundant in tanninstained swamps that lack UV/blue light but are absent in clear springs where UV/blue light is abundant. Past work indicates that lighting environments shape genetic and envir onmental variation in color patterns, visual systems, and behavior. Less is known about the select ive forces creating the across population correlations between UV/blue light and the abundance of blue males. Here, we present three new experiments that investigate the roles of lighting environ ments on male competition, female mate choice, and predation. We found strong effects of lighting environments on male competition where blue males were more likely to emerge as dominant in teastained water than in clear water. Our preliminary study on predation indicated that blue males may be less susceptible to predation in teastained water than in clear water. However, there was little evidence for female preferences favoring blue males. The resulting pattern is one where the effects of lighting environments on genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity match the direction of selection and favor the expression of blue males in swamps.

关键词： Lucania goodei adaptive plasticity intrasexual selection male competition private communication predation

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An unusual presentation of primary sclerosing cholangitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第43期14卷 6748-6749页

作者： Franklin Whitney Goldwire William E Norris Jonathan M Koff zachary d Goodman Milton T Smith Internal Medicine Walter Reed Army Medical Center Washington DC 20307United States Gastroenterology Walter Reed Army Medical Center Washington DC 20307United States Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Washington DC 20307United States

This case report describes the unusual presentation of a patient who had findings which were initially suggestive of a type Ⅳ choledochal cyst. Her liver biopsy demonstrated biliary cirrhosis. She was treated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and biliary stent exchanges over one year. Her cholangiogram one year later demonstrated resolution of the biliary cystic dilation which led to her initial diagnosis, with beading and stricturing of the hepatic ducts consistent with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Liver-associated enzymes and physical findings also improved. A liver biopsy one year later demonstrated a marked improvement in hepatic fibrosis with no evidence of cirrhosis.

关键词： Biliary cysts Cholangiogram Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Liver fibrosis Primary sclerosing cholangitis

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