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Hormone-Naïve Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Presentation of 110 Cases in a Urology Center in the City of Douala, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Urology 2022年第1期12卷 83-97页

作者： Cyril Kamadjou Calson Ambomatei Landry Mbouche zacharie sando Achille Mbassi Fru Angwafor Medical Surgical Center of Urology and Minimal Invasive Surgery Douala Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Health Search Association Douala Cameroon Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Urology Service Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon

Aim: According to World Health Organization, prostate cancer is one of the increasing malignancies in men worldwide. This paper aims to describe the epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects of patients with early metastatic prostate cancer in a urology center in the city of Douala in Cameroon. Materials and Methods: It is a retrospective and descriptive study of 110 patients with prostate cancer that was immediately metastatic at diagnosis over a period of six years (from January 2014 to December 2020). Results: The average age of patients at diagnosis was 67.5 years (range: 45 years to 88 years) and 53.63% of patients had body mass indexes greater than 25. Disorders of the lower urinary tract were the main presenting complaint in 55.45% of cases, followed by bone and joint pain in 46.36% of cases. Digital rectal examination was suggestive of prostate cancer in 96.36% of cases with an average total prostatic specific antigen (PSAT) level of 676.9 ng/ml (range: 21.8 to 8832 ng/ml). The diagnosis was made through prostate biopsy in 57 (51.81%) patients or after palliative endoscopic resection of the prostate indicated for lower urinary tract symptoms or even acute urinary retention in 53 (48.18%) patients. Adenocarcinoma of the prostate was the main histologic type, and in 47.27% of cases, the tumor was poorly differentiated with a Gleason’s score of greater than 7. The sites of metastasis were mainly the lymph node (87.27%), bone (56.36%), and both (44.54%). The treatment was palliative and dominated by bilateral pulpectomy in 60% of cases and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists (Triptorelin 11.25 mg every 3 months) in 44 (40%) of cases. Conclusion: Prostate cancer is a real public health problem in developed countries but also in Africa, especially in Cameroon. It is aggressive cancer that is often diagnosed when metastasis has already occurred. Its man

关键词： Prostate Cancer Metastasis Hormone Therapy Palliative Treatment

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Management of Cervical Intra Epithelial Neoplasia by Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure in a Low Resource Country: An Experience from the YaoundéGeneral Hospital, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2015年第9期5卷 481-486页

作者： Jean Dupont Kemfang Ngowa Anny Ngassam Jovanny Fouogue Tsuala Juny Metogo zacharie sando Angèle Kabeyene Jean Marie Kasia Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, and 80% of cases occur in the developing world. A critical component of effective cervical cancer screening programs is the ability to offer women appropriate and effective treatment for cervical intra epithelial neoplasia (CIN). Objectives: This study aimed at assessing the primary experience of management of CIN by Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) in a low resource country. Methods: We carried out a descriptive cross sectional study at the Yaoundé General Hospital in Cameroon. Results: Twenty three cases of CIN were treated by LEEP. Mean age of patients was 40.5 ± 9.9 years. Six (26.1%) patients were infected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). LEEP was indicated in 21 (91.30%) cases for CIN2 and CIN3. The mean duration of the surgical procedure was 10 ± 3 minutes. There was one (4.3%) complication (persistent cervical bleeding). Surgical margins were negative for dysplasia or invasive carcinoma in 18 (78.26%) cases and non-applicable in 5 (21.73%) cases (thermal artefacts of margins and cervicitis without CIN). One patient with micro invasive carcinoma on post-operative histology was treated by total hysterectomy. Cervical cytology was normal at 6 months post LEEP for 15 cases out of 16 (93.8%) patients who performed the test. One woman achieved pregnancy and delivered a term baby. Conclusion: Treatment of CIN by LEEP is feasible, safe and effective in our setting.

关键词： Cervical Cancer Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia LEEP Screening Cervical Cancer Low Resource Country

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Breast Cancer Survival in Cameroon: Analysis of a Cohort of 404 Patients at the YaoundéGeneral Hospital

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2015年第2期4卷 44-52页

作者： Jean Dupont Kemfang Ngowa Jean Marie Kasia Jean Yomi Achille Nkigoum Nana Anny Ngassam Irenée Domkam zacharie sando Paul Ndom Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Yaoundé General Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Radiation Therapy Yaoundé General Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Morphological Sciences Yaoundé General Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Oncology Division Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon

This study aimed to estimate the survival rate of breast cancer in a group of patients followed up at the Yaoundé General Hospital in Cameroon. A retrospective review of records of patients managed for breast cancer between 1995 and 2007 was carried out at the Yaoundé General Hospital. Survival analysis was carried out with survival defined as the time between the date of unequivocal diagnosis of cancer and the date of last follow-up or death. Survival curves were plotted in R.3.1.1 software. Mean age of the patients was 47.5 ± 12.36 years. Most of the patients (67.9%) presented with advanced breast cancer disease (stage III and IV). Overall patient survival rate was 30% at 5 years and 13.2% at 10 years. Median overall survival time was 2 (1.9 - 3) years. There was a correlation between survival and the stage of disease. The highest survival rates were recorded in stages I and II while the lowest rates were recorded in stage IV. There was no statistically significant difference in survival among the age groups (p = 0.15). Overall survival rates of breast cancer are 30% at 5 years and 13.2% at 10 years among Cameroonian patients and are lower compared with 90% and 82% respectively at 5 years and 10 years in some developed countries.

关键词： Survival Breast Cancer Developing Countries

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Breast Cancer in a Supernumerary Breast at the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital: About a Case

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2024年第3期13卷 43-48页

作者： Michel Auguste Mouelle Sarah Gaëlle Adiang Esther Meka Isidore Tompeen Christelle Djapa Claude Hector Mbia Yann Eng Julius Sama Dohbit zacharie sando Oncology Department of the Yaound Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital Yaound Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of Yaound University of Yaound I Yaound Cameroon Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of the Yaound Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital Yaound Cameroon Radiology and Medical Imaging Department of the Yaound Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital Yaound Cameroon Pathology Department of the Yaound Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital Yaound Cameroon

Accessory or ectopic breast tissue is an anomaly in the development of the breast. It is a rare condition that occurs along the embryological mammary line. In less than 1% of all breast cancers, supernumerary breast cancer is reported, with the axillary location being the most common in 60% to 90% of cases. Cancerous degeneration of this supernumerary breast tissue can pose a dual diagnostic and therapeutic problem. We report the case of locally advanced adenocarcinoma in a right supernumerary breast. This is a 75-year-old, grand-multiparous, postmenopausal, and known hypertensive patient on treatment. Family history was remarkable for brain cancer in her sister and oesophageal cancer in her mother. She consulted for a mass in the right axillary cavity on supernumerary breast evolving for a year. Clinical examination revealed a large, fixed, budding and haemorrhagic-ulcerated mass of the right axilla, with long axis measuring about 15 cm. There was as wella supernumerary breast on the left, but without particularity. A soft tissue ultrasound showed a large hypoechoicmass in the right axillary region of 116 mm with areas of central necrobiosis. Morphologically, the breasts were normal. A breast MRI revealed a subcutaneous mass in the right axillary cavity with skin ulceration and satellite lymphadenopathy. The extension assessment revealed liver metastases, and a biopsy of the mass revealed a breast adenocarcinoma. The case was the subject of a multidisciplinary consultation meeting following which a wide excision of the mass was indicated. The histo-pathology analysis results of the surgical specimen were in favour of a triple negative papillary adenocarcinoma. After a post-operative multidisciplinary consultation meeting, adjuvant chemotherapy was indicated. The development of supernumerary breasts depends on hormones, just like normal breasts. Breast cancer in accessory breast tissue is quite rare with the incidence being 6%. The most common pathology is invasive

关键词： Adjuvant Chemotherapy Papillary Adenocarcinoma Surgery Supernumerary Breast Treatment of Supernumerary Breast Cancer

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The Psychological Experience of the Nursing Staff of the Medical Oncology Department in Cameroon: Case of the YaoundéGeneral Hospital

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2023年第1期14卷 50-58页

作者： Berthe Sabine Esson Mapoko Esther Dina Bell Mbassi Véronique Mboua Batoum Marie Josiane Ntsama Essomba Lionel Tabola Fossa Lionel Bala Etienne Atenguena Okobalemba Ruth Rosine Meka’h Mapenya Anne Juliette Flora Sango Anne Marthe Maison Mayeh Sidonie Ananga Noa Ambroise Ntama zacharie sando Paul Ndom Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: The world of cancer care is an emotional place, given the severity of the disease being treated, the heavy workload, the suffering of patients, and the high number of deaths. The nursing staff who work there may be exposed to constant stress from these factors. This study aimed to explore the psychological experience of the nursing staff of the Medical Oncology Department of the Yaoundé General Hospital. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study, in June 2017, involving the nursing staff of the Medical Oncology Department of the Yaoundé General Hospital. Results: Sixteen out of 18 nurses were interviewed. All had worked in at least one other department prior to Oncology. The number of years of experience in Oncology ranged from less than one year to 13 years. The choice of the Oncology department was involuntary for 100% of the staff;of these, 62% had intentions of changing departments. Twenty-five percent had applied for a change of department, which was unsuccessful. Stress was expressed by 94% of the staff;93% thought that there was a solution to the stress experienced on a daily basis in the Oncology department. The main solutions proposed to manage this stress were: support for the staff, provision of work materials, and staff training. Conclusion: The nursing staff of the Medical Oncology Department of the Yaoundé General Hospital experiences a high level of stress and are in need of solutions.

关键词： Psychological Experience Nursing Staff Medical Oncology Department Ya-oundé General Hospital

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