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Probing quantum causality with geometric asymmetry in spatial-temporal correlations

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 294-305页

作者： Yu MENG zheng-hao liu Zhikuan Zhao Peng YIN Yi-Tao WANG Wei liu Zhi-Peng LI Yuan-Ze YANG Zhao-An WANG Jin-Shi XU Shang YU Jian-Shun TANG Chuan-Feng LI Guang-Can GUO CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Department of Computer Science Eidgen?ssische Technische Hochschule Zürich Hefei National Laboratory Department of Physics Imperial College London Research Center for Quantum Sensing Zhejiang Lab

Causation promotes the understanding of correlation to an advanced stage by elucidating its underlying mechanism. Although statisticians have specified the possible causal relations among correlations,inferring causal structures is impossible from only the observed correlations in the classical world. Quantum correlations encapsulating the most defining aspects of quantum physics have taken a new turn for the causal inference problem — the two-point spatial and temporal quantum correlations with observationally discernible characteristics correspond exactly to the two most basic causal structures. However, a direct causal interpretation for quantum correlations has only been established in very limited cases. Here, we explore to what extent quantum correlations promote causal inference. Theoretically, we have found that the distinguishable causal regime of two-point Pauli correlations can be expanded from a single value to an asymmetric interval, and the causal structures determining the quantum correlations can be interpreted by a simple distance criterion. Experimentally, we have devised and implemented a versatile non-unital quantum channel in an optical architecture to directly observe such an asymmetric interval. The setup enabled quantum causal inference without any requirement of active intervention, which is impossible in the classical realm. Our work facilitates the identification of causal links among quantum variables and provides insight into characterizing causation and spatial-temporal correlation in quantum mechanics.

关键词： causality quantum information quantum channel channel-state duality non-unital channel

Experimental verification of a coherence factorization law for quantum states

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Photonics Research 2022年第9期10卷 2172-2177页

作者： YI zheng CHENG-JIE ZHANG zheng-hao liu JIAN-WEI Shao JIN-SHI XU CHUAN-FENG LI GUANG-CAN GUO CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy School of Physics and Electronic ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

As a quantum resource,quantum coherence plays an important role in modern *** coherence measures and their relations with entanglement have been proposed,and the dynamics of entanglement has been experimentally ***,the knowledge of general results for coherence dynamics in open systems is *** we propose a coherence factorization law that describes the evolution of coherence passing through any noisy channels characterized by genuinely incoherent *** use photons to implement the quantum operations and experimentally verify the law for qubits and *** work is a step toward understanding of the evolution of coherence when the system interacts with the environment,and will boost the study of more general laws of coherence.

关键词： quantum factorization operations

Neural Parse Combination

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2017年第4期32卷 749-757页

作者： Lin-Er Yang Mao-Song Sun Yong Cheng Jia-Cheng Zhang zheng-hao liu Huan-Bo Luan Yang liu Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Language Ability Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221009 China Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Analyzing the syntactic structure of natural languages by parsing is an important task in artificial intelligence. Due to the complexity of natural languages, individual parsers tend to make different yet complementary errors. We propose a neural network based approach to combine parses from different parsers to yield a more accurate parse than individual ones. Unlike conventional approaches, our method directly transforms linearized candidate parses into the ground-truth parse. Experiments on the Penn English Treebank show that the proposed method improves over a state-of-the-art parser combination approach significantly.

关键词： neural network parsing parse combination

Experimental observation of an anomalous weak value without post-selection

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Photonics Research 2020年第9期8卷 1468-1474页

作者： MU YANG QIANG LI zheng-hao liu ZE-YAN hao CHANG-LIANG REN JIN-SHI XU CHUAN-FENG LI AND GUANG-CAN GUO CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Center for Nanofabrication and System Integration Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China

Weak measurement has been shown to play important roles in the investigation of both fundamental and practical *** weak values are generally believed to be observed only when post-selection is performed,i.e.,only a particular subset of the data is ***,we experimentally demonstrate that an anomalous weak value can be obtained without discarding any data by performing a sequential weak measurement on a single-qubit *** controlling the blazing density of the hologram on a spatial light modulator,the measurement strength can be conveniently *** an anomalous phenomenon disappears when the measurement strength of the first observable becomes ***,we find that the anomalous weak value cannot be observed without post-selection when the sequential measurement is performed on each of the components of a two-qubit system,which confirms that the observed anomalous weak value is based on sequential weak measurement of two noncommutative operators.

关键词： value subset conveniently

Giant nonfunctional ectopic adrenocortical carcinoma on the anterior abdominal wall: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第15期7卷 2075-2080页

作者： Dong-Kai Zhou zheng-hao liu Bing-Qiang Gao Wei-Lin Wang Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery The Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003Zhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province The First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003Zhejiang ProvinceChina Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province The First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Adrenocortical cancer(ACC) is an infrequent and often aggressive malignancy with a very poor prognosis. It can be classified as functional or *** ACC is hampered by the absence of specific signs or symptoms;only abdominal pain with or without incidental adrenal occupation is typically *** SUMMARY We report a rare case of a patient with a 30 cm × 15 cm × 8 cm ectopic ACC on the anterior abdominal wall without organ adhesion. A 77-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of a huge abdominal mass, which, by ultrasonography, had an unclear border with the liver. Computed tomography showed that the mass was not associated with any organ but was adherent to the anterior abdominal wall. The patient underwent tumor resection, and a postoperative pathology examination showed a neuroendocrine tumor, which was diagnosed as ACC. The patient was disease-free at the 9-mo follow *** The anterior abdominal wall is a rare site of ACC growth.

关键词： Adrenocortical carcinoma Nonfunctional Ectopic Abdominal wall Case report

Fermi level tuning in Sn_(1-x)Pb_(x)Te/Pb heterostructure via changing interface roughness

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第8期67卷 118-125页

作者： Tengteng liu Zhaoxia Yi Bangjin Xie Weiyan zheng Dandan Guan Shiyong Wang hao zheng Canhua liu hao Yang Yaoyi Li Jinfeng Jia Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control(Ministry of Education) Tsung-Dao Lee InstituteSchool of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai 201315China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China

Superconducting SnTe-type topological crystalline insulators(TCIs)are predicted to host multiple Majorana zero modes(MZMs)which can coexist in a single *** level(FL)close to the Dirac points of topological surface states is helpful for detecting ***,the TCI SnTe is a heavily p-type semiconductor which is very difficult to modify to n-type via doping or *** this work,we fabricate the atomically flat Sn_(1-x)Pb_(x)Te/Pb heterostructure by molecular beam epitaxy,and make the p-type Sn_(1-x)Pb_(x)Te become n-type through changing the interface *** scanning tunnelling microscope,we find the Dirac points of Sn_(1-x)Pb_(x)Te/Pb heterostructure are always above the FL due to the Fermi level pinning(FLP)induced by topological surface states at atomically flat *** increasing the interface roughness,the FLP effect is suppressed and then the Dirac points of p-type Sn_(1-x)Pb_(x)Te can be tuned very close to or even below the *** work provides a new method for tuning the FL of SnTe-type TCI which has potential application in novel topological superconductor device.

关键词： topological crystalline insulator superconductor heterostructure Fermi level pinning interface roughness

Use of the Lecompte procedure for ventriculoarterial connection abnormalities in infants and children with congenital heart diseases

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Chinese Medical Journal 2008年第16期121卷 1554-1557页

作者： zheng Jing-hao liu Jin-fen XU Zhi-wei SU Zhao-kang DING Wen-xiang Department of Pediatric Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery Shanghai Children's Medical Center Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200127 China

Background The Lecompte （REV） procedure is used to correct abnormal ventriculoarterial connections in patients with congenital heart diseases; it avoids the need for an extracardiac conduit for pulmonary outflow tract reconstruction. The present study aimed to investigate effectiveness and criteria of the REV procedure in children with abnormal ventriculoarterial connections. Methods Thirty-eight children （mean age, （2.2±1.7） years; mean weight, （11.5±3.8） kg） with abnormal ventriculoarterial connections who had an REV procedure in our hospital from January 1998 to May 2006 were studied. Only 10 patients had the usual anteropostedor relationship of the two great arteries. The infundibular septum between the two semilunar valves was aggressively resected to enlarge it and construct a straighter left ventricular outflow tract and a wide tunnel between the ventricular septal defect （VSD） and the aorta. Eighteen cases had the original REV procedure; 20 had a modified REV procedure. Results All patients are alive; none developed severe complications. The postoperative right ventricular （RV） to left ventricular （LV） pressure ratio was 0.20-0.45. Five patients had RV dysfunction; 2 patients had a pressure gradient in the RV ventricular outlet of 30.0-34.5 mmHg; 3 cases had a 37.5-47.3 mmHg pressure difference in the RPA. All patients had an RV pressure less than half the systemic pressure. These gradients＇ magnitudes in all patients were consistent with the post-operative RV to LV pressure ratio （P 〈0.05）. During the follow-up （mean, （4.2±0.6） years）, 2 patients had an RPA pressure gradient of 24.0-29.3 mmHg which abated to less than 10 mmHg after two years. Conclusions The REV procedure provides satisfactory short- to medium-term results. It may be superior tO the Rastelli procedure for treating ventriculoarterial connection abnormalities; it allows early, complete anatomic repair and reduces the need for late re-operation, since no extracardiac conduit is needed. Longer

关键词： heart defects, congenital pulmonary surgical procedures infant child

Food nutrition and toxicology targeting on specific organs in the era of single-cell sequencing

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 75-89页

作者： Xiaofei Wang Xiaowen Cheng Huiling liu Xiaohuan Mu hao zheng National Engineering Technology Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing Key Open Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing Key Laboratory of Food Non-Thermal ProcessingCollege of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Due to the complex natures of dietary food components,it is difficult to elucidate how the compounds affect host *** food often selectively presents its mechanism of action on different cell types,and participates in the modulation of targeted cells and their microenvironments within ***,the limitations of traditional in vitro assays or in vivo animal experiments cannot comprehensively examine cellular heterogeneity and the tissue-biased ***-cell RNA sequencing(sc RNA-seq)has emerged as an indispensable methodology to decompose tissues into different cell types for the demonstration of transcriptional profiles of individual *** RNA-seq applications has been summarized on three typical organs(brain,liver,kidney),and two representative immune-and tumor related health *** everincreasing role of sc RNA-seq in dietary food research with further improvement can provide sub-cellular information and the coupling between other cellular *** this review,we propose utilizing sc RNAseq to more effectively capture the subtle and complex effects of food chemicals,and how they may lead to health problems at single-cell *** novel technique will be valuable to elucidate the underlying mechanism of both the health benefits of food nutrients and the detrimental consequences food toxicants at the cellular level.

关键词： Dietary food Cellular heterogeneity Single-cell RNA sequencing Food nutrients Food toxicants

DLF-YOLOF:an improved YOLOF-based surface defect detection for steel plate

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第2期31卷 442-451页

作者： Guang-hu liu Mao-xiang Chu Rong-fen Gong Ze-hao zheng School of Electronic and Information Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan114051LiaoningChina

Surface defects can affect the quality of steel *** methods based on computer vision are currently applied to surface defect detection of steel ***,their real-time performance and object detection of small defect are still *** improved object detection network based on You Only Look One-level Feature(YOLOF)is proposed to show excellent performance in surface defect detection of steel plate,called ***,the anchor-free detector is used to reduce the network ***,deformable convolution network and local spatial attention module are introduced into the feature extraction network to increase the contextual information in the feature ***,the soft non-maximum suppression is used to improve detection accuracy ***,data augmentation is performed for small defect objects during training to improve detection *** show the average precision and average precision for small objects are 42.7%and 33.5%at a detection speed of 62 frames per second on a single GPU,*** shows that DLF-YOLOF has excellent performance to meet the needs of industrial real-time detection.

关键词： Steel surface defects detection YOLOF Anchor-free detector Small object detection Real-time detection