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Nonlinear Reduction in Risk for Type 2 Diabetes by Magnesium Intake:An Updated Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2015年第7期28卷 527-534页

作者： XU Tian CHEN Guo Chong zhai lin KE Kai Fu Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Medical record center Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Neurology research institute of Nantong University

Observational studies between magnesium int- ake and risk of type 2 diabetes yielded inconsistent results. We conducted a system literature search of PubMed database through March 2015 for prospective cohort studies of magnesium intake and type 2 diabetes risk. Study-specific results were pooled in a random-effects model. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were performed to assess the potential sources of heterogeneity and the robustness of the pooled estimation. Generalized least squares trend estimation was used to investigate the dose-response relationship. A total of 15 papers with 19 analyses were identified with 539,735 participants and 25,252 incident diabetes cases. Magnesium intake was associated with a significant lower risk of type 2 diabetes （RR： 0.77; 95% Ch 0.71-0.82） for the highest compared with lowest category. This association was not significantly modified by the pre-specified study characteristics. In the dose-response analysis, a magnesium intake increment of 100 mg/day was associated with a 16% reduction in type 2 diabetes risk （RR： 0.84; 95% Ch 0.80-0.88）. A nonlinear relationship existed between magnesium intake and type 2 diabetes （P-nonlinearity=0.003）. This meta-analysis further verified a protective effect of magnesium intake on type 2 diabetes in a nonlinear dose-response manner.

关键词： Nonlinear Reduction in Risk for Type 2 Diabetes by Magnesium Intake meta

New methacrylic imidazolium poly (ionic liquid) gel with super swelling capacity for oil-in-water emulsions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2016年第3期27卷 1-10页

作者： Xing Zhang Shuo-Jue Wang Jing Peng Jiu-Qiang Li ling Xu Mao-lin zhai Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental ScienceThe Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Department of Energy and Resources Engineering College of EngineeringPeking University

A new polymeric ionic liquid gel was prepared with 1-[(2-methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-3-methylimidazolium bromide(MEMImBr) via radiation-induced polymerization and cross-linking at room *** resultant PMEMImBr gel exhibits high strength and flexibility as well as special swelling behavior in oil-in-water(O/W)*** swelling behavior of PMEMImBr gel in emulsions is similar to that in water except that the swelling rate in emulsions is slightly smaller than that in *** organic solvents with higher polarity in the emulsions contribute to the swelling of PMEMImBr gels,and the O/W proportion of emulsion in the swollen gel equals approximately that of original emulsion when the concentration of organic solvent is lower than 0.2 g/g.

关键词：离子液体甲基咪唑乳液凝胶水油溶胀行为能力膨胀

Thermostable Nitrogen-Doped HTiNbO5 Nanosheets with a High Visible-Light Photocatalytic Activity

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Nano Research 2011年第7期4卷 635-647页

作者： Zheng zhai Yucheng Huang lin Xu Xiaoyan Yang Chenhui Hu Lihong Zhang Yining Fan Wenhua Hou Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China

Nitrogen-doped HTiNbO5 nanosheets have been successfully synthesized by first exfoliating layered HTiNbO5 in tetrabutylammonium hydroxide （TBAOH） to obtain HTiNbO5 nanosheets and then heating the nanosheets with urea. The resulting samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, energy-dispersive X-ray （EDX）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, UV-vis spectroscopy and N2 adsorption-desorption measurements. It was found that N-doping resulted in a much higher thermostability of the layered structure, intrinsic bandgap narrowing and a visible light response. The doped nitrogen atoms were mainly located in the interstitial sites of TiNbOs- lamellae and chemically bound to hydrogen ions. Compared with N-doped HTiNbOs, N-doped HTiNbO5 nanosheets had a much larger specific surface area and richer mesoporosity due to fee rather loose and irregular arrangement of fitanoniobate nanosheets. Both N-doped layered HTiNbOs and HTiNbO5 nanosheets showed a very high visible-light photocatalytic activity for the degradation of rhodamine B （RhB） aqueous solution. Moreover, due to the considerably larger surface area, richer mesoporosity and stronger acidity, N-doped HTiNbO5 nanosheets had an even higher activity than N-doped HTiNbOs, although the latter had a stronger absorption in the visible region. The dye molecules were mainly degraded to aliphatic organic compounds and partially mineralized to CO2 and/or CO, rather than being simply decolorized. The effect of photosensitization was insignificant and RhB was degraded mainly via the typical photocatalytic reaction routes. Two different reaction routes for the photodegradation of RhB under visible light irradiation over N-doped HTiNbO5 nanosheets have been proposed. The present method can be extended to a large number of layered metal oxides that have the characteristics of intercalation and exfoliation, thus providing new opportunities for the f

关键词： Layered titanoniobate nanosheets N-doping photodegradation visible light

Local sustained release of PD-1 monoclonal antibody and lenvatinib by thermo-sensitive hydrogel for improving tumor immunotherapy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第8期34卷 241-247页

作者： lin zhai Yujie Shi Yi Yan An Lu Xiaoyu Liu Lei Lei Yi Sun linxia Jiang Xiangyu Wang Honggang Qian Jiancheng Wang Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education) Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary SurgeryPeking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China

In clinic,the combination of intravenous pembrolizumab(PD-1 monoclonal antibody)with oral Lenvatinib(LEN)exhibited an enhanced synergistic benefit for cancer ***,the clinical outcomes were always limited by the problems of inconsistent pharmacokinetic profiles of two drugs,lower drug accumulation in tumor and obvious side effects during the combination ***,in situ-forming thermosensitive hydrogels based on PLGA-PEG-PLGA triblock copolymers were prepared for local administration of anti-PD1 and LEN(P&L@Gel)to improve therapeutic efficacy and *** peritumoral or surgical resection site injection,the significant increased concentrations of both drugs in tumor were observed with the local sustained release of P&L@*** comparison with the group of intraperitoneal anti-PD1 plus oral LEN(P-ip&L-po),significantly higher tumor inhibition efficiency on CT26 tumor models could be obtained in P&L@Gel group,even at the dose of one-eighth of the former,same tumorinhibition effects could be *** enhanced antitumor efficacy of P&L@Gel group was probably associated with the 2.2 folds of increased level of CD8+T cells and the polarization of tumor associated macrophage from M2 to M1 along with the increased drug ***,compared with the obvious side effects of P-ip&L-po group,no significant changes of PLT,ALT and UA in blood,as well as IL-1αand IL-1βin mice paws were observed between P&L@Gel group and untreated *** results suggested that local administration of anti-PD1 and LEN with thermosensitive hydrogel could offer a potential strategy for tumors or tumor postoperative adjuvant treatment.

关键词： Lenvatinib PD-1 antibody Thermosensitive hydrogels Topical administration Tumor immunotherapy

Shear wave elastography results correlate with liver fibrosis histology and liver function reserve

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第17期22卷 4338-4344页

作者： Yan-Hong Feng Xiang-Dong Hu lin zhai Ji-Bin Liu Lan-Yan Qiu Yuan Zu Si Liang Yu Gui lin-Xue Qian Department of Ultrasound Medicine Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University Division of Diagnostic Ultrasound Department of Radiology Thomas Jefferson University

AIM: To evaluate the correlation of shear wave elastography (SWE) results with liver fibrosis histology and quantitative function reserve. METHODS: Weekly subcutaneous injection of 60% carbon tetrachloride (1.5 mL/kg) was given to 12 canines for 24 wk to induce experimental liver fibrosis, with olive oil given to 2 control canines. At 24 wk, liver condition was evaluated using clinical biochemistry assays, SWE imaging, lidocaine metabolite monoethylglycine-xylidide (MEGX) test, and histologic fibrosis grading. Clinical biochemistry assays were performed at the institutional central laboratory for routine liver function evaluation. Liver stiffness was measured in triplicate from three different intercostal spaces and expressed as mean liver stiffness modulus (LSM). Plasma concentrations of lidocaine and its metabolite MEGX were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography repeated in duplicate. Liver biopsy samples were fixed in 10% formaldehyde, and liver fibrosis was graded using the modified histological activity index Knodell score (F0-F4). Correlations among histologic grading, LSM, and MEGX measures were analyzed with the Pearson linear correlation coefficient. RESULTS: At 24 wk liver fibrosis histologic grading was as follows: F0, n = 2 (control); F1, n = 0; F2, n = 3; F3, n = 7; and F4, n = 2. SWE LSM was positively correlated with histologic grading (r = 0.835, P < 0.001). Specifically, the F4 group had a significantly higher elastic modulus than the F3, F2, and F0 groups (P = 0.002, P = 0.003, and P = 0.006, respectively), and the F3 group also had a significantly higher modulus than the control F0 group (P = 0.039). LSM was negatively associated with plasma MEGX concentrations at 30 min (r = -0.642; P = 0.013) and 60 min (r = -0.651; P = 0.012), time to 1/2 of the maximum concentration (r = -0.538; P = 0.047), and the area under the curve (r = -0.636; P = 0.014). Multiple comparisons showed identical differences in these three measures: signific

关键词： Liver fibrosis Histologic grading Shear wave elastography Monoethylglycinexylidide test Experimental study

Current Situations and Problems of Investment in Agricultural Capital Construction from the Perspective of Investment of Different Ministries and Commissions and Recommendations

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Asian Agricultural Research 2018年第5期10卷 1-6,9页

作者： lin zhai Jiliang MA Department of International Cooperation Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Investment in agricultural capital construction is an important factor in improving China's agricultural productivity and international competitiveness. In recent years,the attention to the investment in agricultural capital construction has been lifted to a strategic height. However,there is still little research on the investment in agricultural capital construction. From the perspective of investment of different ministries and commissions,this paper systematically analyzed current situations,problems,and came up with recommendations for the investment in the agricultural capital construction. According to the results,( i) from 1983 to the present,China's investment in agricultural capital construction experienced three stages. Especially after 2010,the scale of investment in agricultural capital construction was huge,and it showed a rapid increasing trend;( ii) the investment in agricultural capital construction is characterized by " multi-sector investment,different departments having different investment priorities and investment scale in different periods";( iii) some investment projects are overlapping between departments,local areas are weak in providing support funds,project construction standard is single,and there are problems of attaching importance to the application,belittling the management,stressing the construction,belittling the maintenance,and serious brain drain;( iv) different departments have accumulated certain experience in long-term exploration. For example,they pay more attention to the refinement and differentiation of projects,focus on the development of targeted poverty alleviation,pay more attention to the " quality" of investment,and pay more attention to the transformation of agricultural production methods. Based on current situations and problems,it came up with recommendations including promoting the integration of funds for investment and project integration,strengthening the personnel cultivation,ensuring simultaneous constructi

关键词： Investment in agricultural capital construction Current situations Problems Recommendations

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for quantitative assessment of portal pressure in canine liver fibrosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第15期21卷 4509-4516页

作者： lin zhai Lan-Yan Qiu Yuan Zu Yan Yan Xiao-Zhuan Ren Jun-Feng Zhao Yu-Jiang Liu Ji-Bin Liu lin-Xue Qian Department of Ultrasonography Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University Ultrasound/Radiology Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphia

AIM: To explore the feasibility of non-invasive quantitative estimation of portal venous pressure by contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in a canine ***: Liver fibrosis was established in adult canines(Beagles; n = 14) by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride(CCl4). CEUS parameters, including the area under the time-intensity curve and intensity at portal/arterial phases(Qp/Qa and Ip/Ia, respectively), were used to quantitatively assess the blood flow ratio of the portal vein/hepatic artery at multiple time points. The free portal venous pressures(FPP) were measured by a multi-channel baroreceptor using a percutaneous approach at baseline and 8, 16, and 24 wk after CCl4 injections in each canine. Liver biopsies were obtained at the end of 8, 16, and 24 wk from each animal, and the stage of the fibrosis was assessed according to the Metavir scoring system. A Pearson correlation test was performed to compare the FPP with Q p/Q a and I p/I ***: Pathologic examination of 42 biopsies from the 14 canines at weeks 8, 16, and 24 revealed that liver fibrosis was induced by CCl4 and represented various stages of liver fibrosis, including F0(n = 3), F1(n = 12), F2(n = 14), F3(n = 11), and F4(n = 2). There were significant differences in the measurements of Qp/Qa(19.85 ± 3.30 vs 10.43 ± 1.21, 9.63 ± 1.03, and 8.77 ± 0.96) and Ip/Ia(1.77 ± 0.37 vs 1.03 ± 0.12, 0.83 ± 0.10, and 0.69 ± 0.13) between control and canine fibrosis at 8, 16, and 24 wk, respectively(all P < 0.001). There were statistically significant negative correlations between FPP and Q p/Q a(r =-0.707, P < 0.001), and between FPP and Ip/Ia(r =-0.759, P < 0.001) in the canine fibrosis model. Prediction of elevated FPP based on Q p/Q a and I p/I a was highly sensitive, as assessed by the area under the receiveroperating curve(0.866 and 0.895, respectively).CONCLUSION: C E U S i s a p o t e n t i a l m e t h o d t o accurately, but non-invasively, estimate portal venous pressure through measure

关键词： Animal model Contrast-enhanced ultrasound Liver fibrosis Noninvasive technique Portal venouspressure

Effect of radiolysis of TODGA on the extraction of TODGA/n-dodecane toward Eu(Ⅲ):an experimental and DFT study

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第4期34卷 1-13页

作者： Hang Zhang Yin-Yong Ao Yue Wang Shang-Jie Zhao Jia-Yang Sun Mao-lin zhai Jiu-Qiang Li Jing Peng Hui-Bo Li Department of Radiochemistry China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory for Fundamental ScienceCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China

N,N,N′,N′-Tetraoctyl diglycolamide(TODGA)is one of the most promising extractants tailored for high-level liquid radioactive waste treatment during nuclear fuel ***γ-radiolysis of TODGA(0.2 mol/L)in n-dodecane(n DD)solution with and without pre-equilibrated 3.0 mol/L HNO_(3)was investigated using HPLC and UPLC-QTOF-MS and compared with theγ-radiolysis of neat TODGA in this *** increased absorbed doses,the concentration of TODGA decreased exponentially for the studied ***,pre-equilibration with HNO_(3)(3.0 mol/L)slightly influenced theγ-radiolysis of TODGA in n *** radiolytic products generated from the rupture of the C–C,C–O,and C–N bonds in TODGA were identified in the studied extraction *** influence ofγ-radiation on TODGA/n DD for the extraction of Eu(Ⅲ)was evaluated using the first combination of extraction experiments and density functional theory(DFT)calculations,in which the complexations of Eu(Ⅲ)with TODGA and its radiolytic products were systematically *** on the radiolysis kinetic model of TODGA,the slope curve of the distribution ratio of Eu(Ⅲ)(D_(Eu))and the absorbed dose,and fluorescence titration analysis,the empirical equation of the absorbed dose and D_(Eu)was obtained *** 300 kGy,the experimental D_(Eu)agreed well with the obtained empirical equation for TODGA/n ***,at a high absorbed dose,the experimental D_(Eu)was higher than the theoretical D_(Eu)based on the empirical equation because the radiolytic products of TODGA with similar coordination structures still possessed partial complexation toward Eu(Ⅲ),which was confirmed by DFT *** work provides a method to predict the extraction distribution ratio of an irradiated extractant system and to understand the complex extraction process.

关键词： TODGA Radiolytic products Extraction Density functional theory Complexation

Effects　of　Zn^（2＋）　on　root　growth，cell　division，and　nucleoli　of　Allium　cepa　L．

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1996年第1期8卷 21-27页

作者： Liu Donghua Jiang Wusheng Wang Chunli (Department of Biology, Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300074,China)zhai lin (Xinhua High School , Tianjin 300204,China)

The effects of different concentrations of Zn￣(2+)ion on root growth,cell division,and nucleoli of Allium cepa were studied. The test Zn￣(2+) ion concentration was made up from zinc sulphate (ZnSO4. 7H2O) ranging from 10￣(-7) to 10￣(-2) mol/L. The solutions were prepared in tap water (pH =6. 5).The results indicated that Zn￣(2+) could obviously inhibit root growth at concentrations from 10￣(-4)to 10￣(-2) mol/*** treated with zinc sulphate showed the presence of c-mitosis, anaphase bridges,including sticky and fluidized bridges (at 10￣(-3) to 10￣(-2) mol/L) , chromosome stickiness, irregularly shaped nuclei, broken nuclei and micronuclei. A toxicity effect was also observed on the nucleoli using silver staining technique after 48h of treatment with 10￣(-4)to 10￣(-2) mol/L Zn￣(2+), e. g,the nucleolar particulate material scattered around the nucleoli in the nucleus of root tip cells.

关键词： Allium cepa mitosis chromosome aberration nucleoli silver staining technique.