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Gas–solid reactor optimization based on EMMS-DPM simulation and machine learning

Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 131-143页

作者： Haolei zhang Aiqi zhu Ji Xu Wei Ge State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China school of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Design,scaling-up,and optimization of industrial reactors mainly depend on step-by-step experiments and engineering experience,which is usually time-consuming,high cost,and high *** numerical simulation can reproduce high resolution details of hydrodynamics,thermal transfer,and reaction process in reactors,it is still challenging for industrial reactors due to huge computational *** this study,by combining the numerical simulation and artificial intelligence(AI)technology of machine learning(ML),a method is proposed to efficiently predict and optimize the performance of industrial reactors.A gas–solid fluidization reactor for the methanol to olefins process is taken as an example.1500 cases under different conditions are simulated by the coarse-grain discrete particle method based on the Energy-Minimization Multi-Scale model,and thus,the reactor performance data set is *** develop an efficient reactor performance prediction model influenced by multiple factors,the ML method is established including the ensemble learning strategy and automatic hyperparameter optimization technique,which has better performance than the methods based on the artificial neural ***,the operating conditions for highest yield of ethylene and propylene or lowest pressure drop are searched with the particle swarm optimization algorithm due to its strength to solve non-linear optimization *** show that decreasing the methanol inflow rate and increasing the catalyst inventory can maximize the yield,while decreasing methanol the inflow rate and reducing the catalyst inventory can minimize the pressure *** two objectives are thus conflicting,and the practical operations need to be compromised under different circumstance.

关键词： Discrete particle method Artificial intelligence Machine learning Particle swarm optimization Industrial reactor optimization

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A brief review on the recent development of phonon engineering and manipulation at nanoscales

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 177-206页

作者： Siqi Xie Hongxin zhu Xing zhang Haidong Wang Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Phonons are the quantum mechanical descriptions of vibrational modes that manifest themselves in many physical properties of condensed matter systems. As the size of electronic devices continues to decrease below mean free paths of acoustic phonons, the engineering of phonon spectra at the nanoscale becomes an important topic. Phonon manipulation allows for active control and management of heat fow, enabling functions such as regulated heat transport. At the same time, phonon transmission, as a novel signal transmission method, holds great potential to revolutionize modern industry like microelectronics technology, and boasts wide-ranging applications. Unlike fermions such as electrons, polarity regulation is difficult to act on phonons as bosons, making the development of effective phonon modulation methods a daunting *** work reviews the development of phonon engineering and strategies of phonon manipulation at different scales, reports the latest research progress of nanophononic devices such as thermal rectifiers, thermal transistors, thermal memories, and thermoelectric devices,and analyzes the phonon transport mechanisms involved. Lastly, we survey feasible perspectives and research directions of phonon engineering. Thermoelectric analogies, external field regulation, and acousto-optic co-optimization are expected to become future research hotspots.

关键词： phonon engineering phononic device nanoscale

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Mechanical properties of hepatocellular carcinoma cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2002年第2期8卷 243-246页

作者： Gang zhang,Department of Pathophysiology,The Third Military Medical university,chongqing 400038,china Mian Long Zhe-Zhi Wu Wei-Qun Yu,College of Bioengineer,chongqing university,chongqing 400044,china Department of Pathophysiology The Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400038 China. a65412423@***

AIM: To study the viscoelastic properties of human hepatocytes and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells under cytoskeletal perturbation, and to further to study the viscoelastic properties and the adhesive properties of mouse hepatoma cells (HTC) in different cell cycle. METHODS: Micropipette aspiration technique was adopted to measure viscoelastic coefficients and adhesion force to collagen coated surface of the cells. Three kinds of cytoskeleton perturbing agents, colchicines (Col), cytochalasin D (CD) and vinblastine (VBL), were used to treat HCC cells and hepatocytes and the effects of these treatment on cell viscoelastic coefficients were investigated. The experimental results were analyzed with a three-element standard linear solid. Further, the viscoelastic properties of HTC cells and the adhesion force of different cycle HTC cells were also investigated. The synchronous G(1) and S phase cells were achieved through thymine-2-desoryriboside and colchicines sequential blockage method and thymine-2-desoryriboside blockage method respectively. RESULTS: The elastic coefficients, but not viscous coefficient of HCC cells (K(1)=103.6+/-12.6N.m(-2), K(2)=42.5 +/ 10.4N.m(-2), mu=4.5 +/- 1.9Pa.s), were significantly higher than the corresponding value for hepatocytes (K(1)=87.5 +/- 12.1N.m(-2), K(2)=33.3+/-10.3N.m(-2), mu=5.9+/-3.0Pa.s, P1). Upon treatment with CD, the viscoelastic coefficients of both hepatocytes and HCC cells decreased consistently, with magnitudes for the decrease in elastic coefficients of HCC cells (K(1): 68.7 N.m(-2) to 81.7N.m(-2), 66.3% to 78.9%; K(2): 34.5N.m(-2) to 37.1N.m(-2), 81.2% to 87.3%, P1) larger than those for normal hepatocytes (K(1): 42.6N.m(-2) to 49.8N.m(-2), 48.7% to 56.9%; K(2): 17.2N.m(-2) to 20.4N.m(-2), 51.7% to 61.3%, P1). There was a little decrease in the viscous coefficient of HCC cells (2.0 to 3.4Pa.s, 44.4 to 75.6%, P1) than that for hepatocytes (3.0 to 3.9Pa.s, 50.8 to 66.1% P1).

关键词： Animals Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic Carcinoma, Hepatocellular Cell Adhesion Cell Cycle Colchicine Cytochalasin D Cytoskeleton Elasticity Hepatocytes Humans Liver Neoplasms Mice Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Tumor Cells, Cultured Vinblastine

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Discontinuous phase diagram of amorphous carbons

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 164-171页

作者： YinBo zhu ZhouYu Fang ZhongTing zhang HengAn Wu CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The short-range order and medium-range order of amorphous carbons demonstrated in experiments allow us to rethink whether there exist intrinsic properties hidden by atomic disordering. Here we presented six representative phases of amorphous carbons（0.1–3.4 g/cm3）, namely, disordered graphene network（DGN）, high-density amorphous carbon（HDAC）, amorphous diaphite（a-DG）, amorphous diamond（a-D）, paracrystalline diamond（p-D）, and nano-polycrystalline diamond（NPD）, respectively, classified by their topological features and microstructural characterizations that are comparable with experiments. To achieve a comprehensive physical landscape for amorphous carbons, a phase diagram was plotted in the sp3/sp2versus density plane, in which the counterintuitive discontinuity originates from the inherent difference in topological microstructures, further guiding us to discover a variety of phase transitions among different amorphous carbons. Intriguingly, the power law, log（sp3/sp2） ∝ ρn, hints at intrinsic topology and hidden order in amorphous carbons, providing an insightful perspective to reacquaint atomic disorder in non-crystalline carbons.

关键词： amorphous carbons disordered carbons phase diagram microstructural topology phase transition

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Mechanical model of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque rupture

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2004年第4期47卷 452-462页

作者： SU Haijun1, zhang Mei2 & zhang Yun2 1. school of mathematics and System Science, Shandong university, Jinan 250100, china 2. Qilu Hospital, Shandong university, Jinan 250012, china school of mathematics and System Science Shandong University Jinan China Qilu Hospital Shandong University Jinan China

Rupture of atherosclerotic plaque is the main trigger of acute cardiovascular events, but the mechanism of plaque rupture is still unknown. We have constructed a model describing the motion of the fibrous cap of the plaque using the theory of elastic mechanics and studied the stability of the plaque theoretically. It has shown that plaque rupture is the result of a dynamic interplay between factors intrinsic to the plaque itself and extrinsic factors. We have proposed a new mechanism of plaque rupture, given a new explanation about the nonlinear dynamic progress of atherosclerosis and suggested a method to identify the vulnerable plaques to manage atherosclerosis.

关键词： fibrous cap, parametric resonance, stability, mechanism, identification.

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The regular representation and regular covariant representation of crossed products of Woronowicz C^(*)-algebras

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Science china mathematics 2005年第9期48卷 1245-1259页

作者： zhang Xiaoxia~(1,2) & GUO Maozheng~(1,3) 1. school of Mathematical Sciences,Peking university,Beijing 100871,china 2. Department of mathematics,Yantai university,Yantai 264005,china 3. LMAM,Peking university,Beijing 100871,china school of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing China Department of mathematics Yantai University Yantai China LMAM Peking University Beijing China

In this paper,it is shown that the regular representation and regular covariant representation of the crossed products A×α G correspond to the twisted multiplicative unitary operators,where A is a Woronowicz C~*-algebra acted upon by a discrete group ***,it is also shown that the regular covariant C~*-algebra is the Woronowicz C~*-algebra which corresponds to a multiplicative ***,an explicit description of the multiplicative unitary operator for C(SU_q(2) )×α (?) is given in terms of those of the Woronowicz C~*-algebra C(SU_q(2) ) and the discrete group G.

关键词： multiplicative unitary operator, Woronowicz C*-algebra, crossed product.

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Direct Synthesis and Spectrum Analysis of CeO_2 Nanoparticles Deposited on Carbon Nanotubes

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Journal of Wuhan university of Technology(Materials Science) 2009年第1期24卷 34-37页

作者：张祖伟胡陈果 Department of Applied Physics Chongqing University

A novel method of direct synthesis of CeO2 nanoparticles onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWNTs） was developed with advantages of simplicity, ease of scale-up, and low costs. The size of CeO2 particles deposited on the MWNTs was less than 6 nm. SEM and TEM were em-ployed to analysis the CeO2 coated MWNTs, and the properties of FTIR spectrum and UV-vis ab-sorption spectrum were investigated. The functional groups on the MWNTs obtained by nitric acid treatment play an important role on the deposition of the CeO2 particles. The carbon nanotubes possess broadened UV absorption function after being coated with CeO2 nanopartilces.

关键词： nanocomposites chemical synthesis spectrum

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Towards a new avenue for rapid synthesis of electrocatalytic electrodes via laser-induced hydrothermal reaction for water splitting

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 340-351页

作者： Yang Sha Menghui zhu Kun Huang Yang zhang Francis Moissinac Zhizhou zhang Dongxu Cheng Paul Mativenga zhu Liu Department of Materials School of Natural SciencesThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Laser Processing Research Centre Department of MechanicalAerospace and Civil EngineeringSchool of EngineeringThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom National Graphene Institute The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science School of EngineeringThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Research Centre for Laser Extreme Manufacturing Ningbo Institute of Materials Engineering and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNingboPeople’s Republic of China

Electrochemical production of hydrogen from water requires the development ofelectrocatalysts that are active,stable,and low-cost for water *** address these challenges,researchers are increasingly exploring binder-free electrocatalytic integratedelectrodes (IEs) as an alternative to conventional powder-based electrode preparation methods,for the former is highly desirable to improve the catalytic activity and long-term stability for large-scale applications of ***,we demonstrate a laser-inducedhydrothermal reaction (LIHR) technique to grow NiMoO4nanosheets on nickel foam,which is then calcined under H2/Ar mixed gases to prepare the IE *** electrode exhibits superior hydrogen evolution reaction performance,requiring overpotentials of 59,116 and143 mV to achieve current densities of 100,500 and 1000 mA·*** the 350 h chronopotentiometry test at current densities of 100 and 500 m A·cm-2,the overpotentialremains essentially *** addition,NiFe-layered double hydroxide grown on Ni foam is also fabricated with the same LIHR method and coupled with IE-NiMo-IR to achieve water *** combination exhibits excellent durability under industrial current *** energy consumption and production efficiency of the LIHR method are systematicallycompared with the conventional hydrothermal *** LIHR method significantly improves the production rate by over 19 times,while consuming only 27.78%of the total energy required by conventional hydrothermal methods to achieve the same production.

关键词： electrocatalytic electrode laser-induced hydrothermal reaction NiFe layered double hydroxides hydrogen evolution reaction water splitting energy consumption production rate

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IR-YOLO: Real-Time Infrared Vehicle and Pedestrian Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2667-2687页

作者： Xiao Luo Hao zhu Zhenli zhang Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou341000China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Maglev Technology Ganzhou341000China Graduate school of Information Production and SystemsWaseda UniversityKitakyushu-shiFukuoka808-0135Japan

Road traffic safety can decrease when drivers drive in a low-visibility *** application of visual perception technology to detect vehicles and pedestrians in infrared images proves to be an effective means of reducing the risk of *** tackle the challenges posed by the low recognition accuracy and the substan-tial computational burden associated with current infrared pedestrian-vehicle detection methods,an infrared pedestrian-vehicle detection method A proposal is presented,based on an enhanced version of You Only Look Once version 5(YOLOv5).First,A head specifically designed for detecting small targets has been integrated into the model to make full use of shallow feature information to enhance the accuracy in detecting small ***,the Focal Generalized Intersection over Union(GIoU)is employed as an alternative to the original loss function to address issues related to target overlap and category ***,the distribution shift convolution optimization feature extraction operator is used to alleviate the computational burden of the model without significantly compromising detection *** test results of the improved algorithm show that its average accuracy(mAP)reaches 90.1%.Specifically,the Giga Floating Point Operations Per second(GFLOPs)of the improved algorithm is only *** contrast,the improved algorithms outperformed the other algorithms on similar GFLOPs,such as YOLOv6n(11.9),YOLOv8n(8.7),YOLOv7t(13.2)and YOLOv5s(16.0).The mAPs that are 4.4%,3%,3.5%,and 1.7%greater than those of these algorithms show that the improved algorithm achieves higher accuracy in target detection tasks under similar computational resource *** the other hand,compared with other algorithms such as YOLOv8l(91.1%),YOLOv6l(89.5%),YOLOv7(90.8%),and YOLOv3(90.1%),the improved algorithm needs only 5.5%,2.3%,8.6%,and 2.3%,respectively,of the *** improved algorithm has shown significant advancements in balancing accuracy and computati

关键词： Traffic safety infrared image pedestrians and vehicles focal GIoU distributed shift convolution

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Preparation,optical properties and energy transfer of SrLaAlO4:Dy3+,Eu3+

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第11期42卷 2058-2067页

作者： Wei Chen Heng zhang Desheng zhu school of Physic and Optoelectronic Engineering Yangtze University

A series of Dy3+/Eu3+single doped and co-doped SrLaAlO4phosphors was synthesized by the traditional high-temperature solid-state method,and their structure,morphology and optical properties were *** X-ray diffraction（XRD） shows a small amount of doping with Dy3+and Eu3+does not change the crystal structure of the matrix SrLaAlO4and the best synthesis temperature is 1450℃.The scanning electron microscopy（SEM） indicates the particle size directly ranges from 1 to 5μm roughly and the energy dispersive spectroscopy（EDS） patterns show that SrLaAlO4:Dy3+phosphor and SrLaAlO4:Dy3+,Eu3+phosphor were successfully ***4:Dy3+phosphor can be effectively excited by near-ultraviolet light,producing two strong emission lights at 483 nm（blue light） and 579 nm（yellow light）,presenting a cold white light;SrLaAlO4:Eu3+phosphor can be effectively excited by nearultraviolet light,producing red lights at 622 nm;the characteristic emission peaks of Dy3+and Eu3+can be shown simultaneously under the same excitation wavelength in SrLaAlO4:Dy3+, Eu3+*** changing the relative doping concentration ratio of Dy3+and Eu3+,the modulation of SrLaAlO4:Dy3+,Eu3+phosphor from cold white to warm white light can be *** addition,the study of the luminescent mechanism and lifetime shows that there is energy transfer between Dy3+and Eu3+in SrLaAlO4:Dy3+,Eu3+phosphor.

关键词： Energy transfer High-temperature solid-phase method Luminescence properties Rare earths SrLaAlO4: Dy3+, Eu3+ White phosphor

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