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Strip deep rotary tillage combined with controlled-release urea improves the grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of maize in the North China Plain

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第9期21卷 2559-2576页

作者： HAN Yu-ling GUO Dong MA Wei GE Jun-zhu LI Xiang-ling Ali Noor MEHMOOD ZHAO Ming zhou bao-yuan Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and EcologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081P.R.China College of Agriculture Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030P.R.China College of Agronomy&Resource and Environment Tianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjin 300384P.R.China College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Hebei Normal University of Science&TechnologyQinhuangdao 066004P.R.China

Inappropriate tillage practices and nitrogen(N) management have become seriously limitations for maize(Zea mays L.) yield and N use efficiency(NUE) in the North China Plain(NCP). In the current study, we examined the effects of strip deep rotary tillage(ST) combined with controlled-release(CR) urea on maize yield and NUE, and determined the physiological factors involved in yield formation and N accumulation during a 2-year field experiment. Compared with conventional rotary tillage(RT) and no-tillage(NT), ST increased the soil water content and soil mineral N content(Nmin) in the 20–40 cm soil layer due to reduction by 10.5 and 13.7% in the soil bulk density in the 0–40 cm soil layer, respectively. Compared with the values obtained by common urea(CU) fertilization, CR increased the Nmin in the 0–40 cm soil layers by 12.4 and 10.3% at the silking and maturity stages, respectively. As a result, root length and total N accumulation were enhanced under ST and CR urea, which promoted greater leaf area and dry matter(particularly at post-silking), eventually increasing the1 000-kernel weight of maize. Thus, ST increased the maize yield by 8.3 and 11.0% compared with RT and NT, respectively, whereas CR urea increased maize yield by 8.9% above the values obtained under CU. Because of greater grain yield and N accumulation, ST combined with CR urea improved the NUE substantially. These results show that ST coupled with CR urea is an effective practice to further increase maize yield and NUE by improving soil properties and N supply, so it should be considered for sustainable maize production in the NCP(and other similar areas worldwide).

关键词： maize strip deep rotary tillage controlled-release urea nitrogen accumulation grain yield

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Innovation of the double-maize cropping system based on cultivar growing degree days for adapting to changing weather conditions in the North China Plain

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第12期19卷 2997-3012页

作者： WANG Dan LI Guo-rui zhou bao-yuan ZHAN Ming CAO Cou-gui MENG Qing-feng XIA Fei MA Wei ZHAO Ming College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agriculturial University/Key Laboratory of Crop PhysiologyEcology and Cultivation(Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhan 430070P.R.China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology&EcologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081P.R.China Insititute of Maize Science Tongliao Academy of Agricultural SciencesTongliao 028042P.R.China College of Life Science Inner Mongolia University for the NationalitiesTongliao 028000P.R.China College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China

Double-maize cropping system is an effective option for coping with climate change in the North China Plain. However, the effects of changes in climate on the growth and yield of maize in the two seasons are poorly understood. Forty-six cultivars of maize with different requirements for growing degree days (GDD), categorized as high (H), medium (M) or low (L), and three cultivar combinations for two seasons as LH (using JD27 and DMY1 from category L in the first season;and YD629 and XD22 from category H in the second season), MM (using JX1 and LC3 from category M in the first season;and ZD958 and JX1 from category M in the second season) and HL (using CD30 and QY9 from category H in the first season;and XK10 and DMY3 from category L in the second season) were tested to examine the eco-physiological determinants of maize yield from 2015 to 2017. The correlations between the combinations of cultivars and grain yield were examined. The combination LH produced the highest annual grain yield and total biomass, regardless of the year. It was followed, in decreasing order, by MM and HL. Higher grain yield and biomass in LH were mainly due to the greater grain yield and biomass in the second season, which were influenced mainly by the lengths of the pre- and post-silking periods and the rate of plant growth (PGR). Temperature was the primary factor that influenced dry matter accumulation. In the first season, low temperatures during pre-silking decreased both the duration and PGR in LH, whereas high temperatures during post-silking decreased the PGR in MM and HL, resulting in no significant differences in biomass being observed among the three combinations. In the second season, high temperatures decreased both the PGR and pre- and post-silking duration in MM and HL, and consequently, the biomass of those two combinations were lower than that in LH. Moreover, because of lower GDD and radiation in the first season and higher grain yield in the second season, production effic

关键词： double-maize cropping system weather conditions grain yield North China Plain

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Characterization of low-N responses in maize(Zea mays L.) cultivars with contrasting nitrogen use efficiency in the North China Plain

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第9期18卷 2141-2152页

作者： LI Xiang-ling GUO Li-guo zhou bao-yuan TANG Xiang-ming CHEN Cong-cong ZHANG Lei ZHANG Shao-yun LI Chong-feng XIAO Kai DONG Wei-xin YIN bao-zhong ZHANG Yue-chen College of Agronomy Hebei Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei ProvinceBaoding 071001P.R.China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and ProductionMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081P.R.China College of Plant Protection Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001P.R.China Teaching Support and Service Center Hebei Radio and TV UniversityShijiazhuang 050080P.R.China

Over-use of N fertilizer in crop production has resulted in a series of environmental problems in the North China Plain(NCP).Thus,improvement of nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)in summer maize has become an effective strategy for promoting sustainable agriculture in this *** twenty maize cultivars,plant dry matter production,N absorption and accumulation,yield formation,and NUE in summer maize were investigated under three N levels in two growing *** on their yield and yield components,these maize cultivars were categorized into four groups including efficient-efficient(EE)cultivars,high-nitrogen efficient(HNE)cultivars,low-nitrogen efficient(LNE)cultivars and nonefficient-nonefficient(NN)*** both two seasons,the EE cultivars improved grain yield together with increased plant biomass,and enhanced accumulative amounts as well as higher average grain yields than the other cultivar groups under deficient-N *** correlations were observed between yield and kernel numbers(KN),dry matter(DM)amount and N accumulation at both post-silking and maturity *** and N accumulation at late growth stage(i.e.,from silking to maturity)contributed largely to the enhanced yield capacity and improved NUE under N-deficient *** with the NN cultivars,the EE cultivars also showed increased N assimilation amount(NAA)and N remobilization content(NRC),and elevated N remobilization efficiency(NRE),NUE and nitrogen partial factor productivity(PFPN).Our investigation has revealed N-associated physiological processes and may provide guidance for cultivation and breeding of high yield and NUE summer maize under limited N conditions in the NCP.

关键词： summer maize N deficiency yield dry matter production N accumulative amount

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Co/Co_(7)Fe_(3)heterostructures with controllable alloying degree on carbon spheres as bifunctional electrocatalyst forrechargeable zinc-air batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 476-487页

作者： Junkang Chen Yongyue Zhuang Yanxin Qiao Yu Zhang Aihua yuan Hu zhou School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China

Exploring efficient and nonprecious metal electrocatalysts of oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is crucial for developing rechargeable zinc-air batteries(ZABs).Herein,an alloying-degree control strategy was employed to fabricate nitrogen-doped carbon sphere(NCS)decorated with dual-phase Co/Co_(7)Fe_(3)heterojunctions(CoFe@NCS).The phase composition of materials has been adjusted by controlling the alloying *** optimal CoFe_(0.08)@NCS electrocatalyst displays a half-wave potential of 0.80 V for ORR and an overpotential of 283 mV at 10 mA·cm^(-2)for OER in an alkaline *** intriguing bifunctional electrocatalytic activity and durability is attributed to the hierarchically porous structure and interfacial electron coupling of highly-active Co_(7)Fe_(3)alloy and metallic Co *** the CoFe_(0.08)@NCS material is used as air-cathode catalyst of rechargeable liquid-state zinc-air battery(ZAB),the device shows a high peak power-density(157 mW·cm^(-2))and maintains a stable voltage gap over 150 h,outperforming those of the benchmark(Pt/C+RuO_(2))-based *** particular,the as-fabricated solid-state flexible ZAB delivers a reliable compatibility under different bending *** work provides a promising strategy to develop metal/alloy-based electrocatalysts for the application in renewable energy conversion technologies.

关键词： bifunctional electrocatalysts oxygen reduction reaction oxygen evolution reaction zinc-air battery metal/alloy carbon sphere

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A low redox potential and long life organic anode material for sodium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 557-564页

作者： Zhi Li Yang Wei Kang zhou Xin Huang Xing zhou Jie Xu Taoyi Kong Junwei Lucas bao Xiaoli Dong Yonggang Wang Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Institute of New EnergyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials(iChEM)Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Chemistry Boston CollegeChestnut HillMA 02467USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa’anshan 243002AnhuiChina

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) with organic electrodes are an emerging research direction due to the sustainability of organic materials based on elements like C,H,O,and sodium ***,organic electrode materials for SIBs are mainly used as cathodes because of their relatively high redox potentials(>1 V).Organic electrodes with low redox potential that can be used as anode are ***,a novel organic anode material (tetrasodium 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylate,Na_(4)TDC) has been developed with low redox potential (<0.7 V) and excellent cyclic *** three-sodium storage mechanism was demonstrated with various in-situ/ex-situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculations,showing a high capacity of 208 mAh/g and an average decay rate of merely 0.022%per ***,the Na_(4)TDC-hard carbon composite can further acquire improved capacity and cycling stability for 1200 cycles even with a high mass loading of up to 20 mg cm^(-2).By pairing with a thick Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)cathode (20.6 mg cm^(-2)),the as-fabricated full cell exhibited high operating voltage (2.8 V),excellent rate performance and cycling stability with a high capacity retention of 88.7% after 200 cycles,well highlighting the Na_(4)TDC anode material for SIBs.

关键词： Organic anode material Low redox potential Composite anode Sodium-ion batteries

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Revealing the Role of Hydrogen in Highly Efficient Ag-Substituted CZTSSe Photovoltaic Devices:Photoelectric Properties Modulation and Defect Passivation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第4期17卷 166-180页

作者： Xiaoyue Zhao Jingru Li Chenyang Hu Yafang Qi Zhengji zhou Dongxing Kou Wenhui zhou Shengjie yuan Sixin Wu The Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of MOE School of Nanoscience and Materials EngineeringNational and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004People’s Republic of China

The presence of SnZn-related defects in Cu_(2)ZnSn(S,Se)_(4)(CZTSSe)absorber results in large irreversible energy loss and extra irreversible electron-hole non-radiative recombination,thus hindering the efficiency enhancement of CZTSSe *** the incorporation of Ag in CZTSSe can effectively suppress the SnZn-related defects and significantly improve the resulting cell performance,an excellent efficiency has not been achieved to date primarily owing to the poor electrical-conductivity and the low carrier density of the CZTSSe film induced by Ag ***,this study exquisitely devises an Ag/H co-doping strategy in CZTSSe absorber via Ag substitution programs followed by hydrogen-plasma treatment procedure to suppress SnZn defects for achieving efficient CZTSSe ***-depth investigation results demonstrate that the incorporation of H in Ag-based CZTSSe absorber is expected to improve the poor electrical-conductivity and the low carrier density caused by Ag ***,the C=O and O-H functional groups induced by hydrogen incorporation,serving as an electron donor,can interact with under-coordinated cations in CZTSSe material,effectively passivating the SnZn-related ***,the incorporation of an appropriate amount of Ag/H in CZTSSe mitigates carrier non-radiative recombination,prolongs minority carrier lifetime,and thus yields a champion efficiency of 14.74%,showing its promising application in kesterite-based CZTSSe devices.

关键词： CZTSSe Ag/H co-doping Photoelectric properties modulation Defect passivation Non-radiative recombination

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A Quantitative Second Order Sobolev Regularity for(inhomogeneous)Normalized p(·)-Laplace Equations

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2025年第1期41卷 99-121页

作者： Yuqing Wang yuan zhou Department of Mathematics Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206P.R.China School of Mathematical Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875P.R.China

LetΩbe a domain of Rn with n≥2 and p(·)be a local Lipschitz funcion inΩwith 11 and supU p(x)0 and C≥1 are independent of *** extend the related results obtaind by Adamowicz-H¨ast¨o[Mappings of finite distortion... 详细信息

关键词： Normalized p(x)-Laplacian strong p(x)-Laplacian second order regularity quasiregular mapping

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TianXing:A Linear Complexity Transformer Model with Explicit Attention Decay for Global Weather Forecasting

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第1期42卷 9-25页

作者： Shijin yuan Guansong WANG Bin MU Feifan zhou School of Computer Science and Technology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China

In this paper,we introduce TianXing,a transformer-based data-driven model designed with physical augmentation for skillful and efficient global weather *** data-driven transformer models such as Pangu-Weather,FengWu,and FuXi have emerged as promising alternatives for numerical weather prediction in weather ***,these models have been characterized by their substantial computational resource consumption during training and limited incorporation of explicit physical guidance in their modeling *** contrast,TianXing applies a linear complexity mechanism that ensures proportional scalability with input data size while significantly diminishing GPU resource demands,with only a marginal compromise in ***,TianXing proposes an explicit attention decay mechanism in the linear attention derived from physical insights to enhance its forecasting *** mechanism can reweight attention based on Earth's spherical distances and learned sparse multivariate coupling relationships,promptingTianXing to prioritize dynamically relevant neighboring ***,to enhance its performance in mediumrange forecasting,TianXing employs a stacked autoregressive forecast *** of the model's architecture is conducted using ERA5 reanalysis data at a 5.625°latitude-longitude resolution,while a high-resolution dataset at 0.25°is utilized for training the actual forecasting ***,the TianXing exhibits excellent performance,particularly in the Z500(geopotential height)and T850(temperature)fields,surpassing previous data-driven models and operational fullresolution models such as NCEP GFS and ECMWF IFS,as evidenced by latitude-weighted RMSE and ACC ***,the TianXing has demonstrated remarkable capabilities in predicting extreme weather events,such as typhoons.

关键词： weather forecast deep learning physics augmentation linear attention

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Upper mantle discontinuity structure beneath the Hindu Kush:Insights into dynamics of the Indian slab

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第3期68卷 720-729页

作者： Qinghui CUI yuanze zhou yuan GAO Lijun LIU Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction Institute of Earthquake ForecastingChina Earthquake Administration College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Geology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Upper mantle discontinuities play an important role in slab dynamics and mantle responses in the subduction *** increasing numbers of seismological observations in the Hindu Kush, fine structures of mantle discontinuities still remain less explored, highlighting less understood interactions of the Indian slab and discontinuities. Here we collected a large dataset of several dense seismic networks/arrays, extracted near-source SdP waves in P-wave codas using the N-th root slant stackings, and then systematically imaged upper mantle discontinuities around the Indian slab beneath Hindu Kush. In comparison with the IASP91 model, we confirmed an abrupt topographic transition of the 410-km discontinuity(410) from uplifts of up to 41 km to depressions of less than 20 km near the slab edge and a slightly depressed 660-km discontinuity(660) with depths of 660 to 668 km below the slab front, as well as a fluctuating 300-km discontinuity(300) with depths of 264 to 337 km. We suggest that the 410 is elevated by the Indian slab due to the interior coldness, and deepened near the slab edge by the hot upwelling slab-entrained mantle that escapes below the slab bottom. Based on a depressed 410 inside the Indian slab and a 660with slight depressions below the slab, we infer that the subducted Indian slab currently stretches into the upper MTZ. Moreover,we interpret the fluctuant 300 as the coesite to stishovite phase transition in the subduction-zone mantle enriched in the *** considered alongside other studies, our results can provide more insights into the dynamics of the Indian slab and mantle responses.

关键词： Hindu Kush subduction zone Upper mantle discontinuities Indian slab Hot slab-entrained mantle N-th root slant stacking

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Dual atom-bridge effect promoting interfacial charge transfer in 2D/2D Cs3Bi2Br9/BiOBr epitaxial heterojunction for efficient photocatalysis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 218-223页

作者： yuan Teng Zichun zhou Jinghua Chen Siying Huang Hongyan Chen Daibin Kuang MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry LIFM GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering School of Chemistry IGCME Sun Yat-sen University National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jishou University

Optimizing the interfacial quality of halide perovskites heterojunction to promote the photogenerated charge separation is of great significance in photocatalytic ***,the delicately regulation of interfacial structure and properties of halide perovskites hybrid is still a big challenge owing to the growth uncontrollability and incompatibility between different *** we use Bi OBr nanosheets as the start-template to in situ epitaxially grow Cs3Bi2Br9nanosheets by“cosharing”Bi and Br atoms strategy for designing a 2D/2D Cs3Bi2Br9/BiOBr *** studies show that the epitaxial heterojunction can optimize the synergistic effect of Bi OBr and Cs3Bi2Br9via the formation of tight-contact interfaces,strong interfacial electronic coupling and charge redistribution,which can not only drive the Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism to greatly promote the spatial separation of electronhole pairs,but also modulate the interfacial electronic structure to facilitate the adsorption and activation of toluene *** heterojunction exhibited 62.3 and 2.4-fold photoactivity improvement for toluene oxidation to benzaldehyde than parental Bi OBr and Cs3Bi2Br9,*** study not only proposed a novel dual atom-bridge protocol to engineer high-quality perovskite heterojunctions,but also uncovered the potential of heterojunction in promoting electron-hole separation as well as the application in photocatalytic organic synthesis.

关键词： Bismuth oxyhalide Bismuth-based perovskite Direct Z-scheme heterojunction Dual atom-bridge effect Photocatalytic C(sp3)-H bond activation

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