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Characteristics and genetic mechanism of deep-buried clastic eureservoir in china

Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 11-19页

作者： zhong dakang & zhu xiaomin china university of petroleum,beijing 102249,china china university of petroleum Beijing China

Systematic researches to the clastic reservoirs in various types and various geological ages basins in china indicate that the present burial depth of deep buried clastic eureservoir ranges from 3000 to 6000 m,and its geological ages from Paleozoic,Mesozoic to Cenozoic. It mainly deposited in delta (including braid delta,fan delta,normal delta),river,also shore,shallow lake,gravity flow channel and turbidity fan facies. The quartzose sandstone is the main reservoir rock of deep-buried clastic eureservoir in the shore facies in Paleozoic,but the arenite and arkose sandstones are the main reservoir rock types in delta,river,shallow lake and gravity flow facies in Mesozoic and Cenozoic. The porosity of most of deep-buried clastic eureservoir is more than 10% and permeability more than 10×10?3 μm2. The forma-tion of the deep-buried eureservoir was related to the paleotectonics,paleotemperature,sedimentary environment,the deep dissolution caused by organic acid or carbonic acid,burial style,the abnormal high pore fluid pressure,early hydrocarbon charging,gyprock sealing,hot convective fluid flow and the mode of sand-mud interbedded,etc. The paleotectonics controls the burial style of sandstones,and the paleotemperature controls the diagenesis process. The sedimentary environment is the precondi-tion and foundation,the dissolution is the direct reason to generate the deep buried clastic eureservoir. The abnormal high pore fluid pressure,gyprock sealing,the mode of sand-mud interbedded,early hy-drocarbon charging and the structure fractures were the assistant factors of generating the deep buried clastic eureservoir.

关键词： deep buried clastic eureservoir characteristics genetic mechanism controlling factors

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Diagenesis and Their Succession of Gas-bearing and Non-gas-bearing Reservoirs in the Sulige Gas Field of Ordos Basin,china

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2009年第6期83卷 1202-1213页

作者： zhu xiaomin LIU Chenlin zhong dakang HAN Xuefang State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

Comparisons have been made among lithology, diagenesis, and reservoir characteristics of gas-bearing and non-gas-bearing ones in the Sulige gas field of the Ordos Basin based on the laboratory analysis of thin sections, scanning electron microscope, and liquid inclusion of the reservoirs. The reservoirs of the Sulige gas field are now in the middle stage of diagenesis and have undergone compaction, cementation and dissolution. The secondary pore of the reservoir originated from the dissolution of the feldspar and tuff because of the organic acid action from the source rocks during the diagenetic middle stage. Gas-bearing reservoirs are common in soluble pore diagenetic facies of coarse detritus quartzose sandstone, whereas non-gas-bearing ones are common in tense compaction diagenetic facies of mud-bearing medium-fine detritus quartzose sandstone and residual intergranular pore diagenetic facies of mud-bearing medium-coarse detritus quartzose sandstone. The secondary pore is developed in gas-bearing reservoirs of the Sulige gas-field as the medium-coarse grain reservoirs formed in a powerful sedimentary environment and experienced strong dissolution. However, the sediments of fine grain size form the non-gas-bearing reservoirs because of less residual primary pore and secondary pore.

关键词： pore evolution diagenesis reservoir Sulige gas field Ordos basin

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Variation and mechanisms of clastic reservoir quality in the Paleogene Shahejie Formation of the Dongying Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, china

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petroleum Science 2014年第2期11卷 200-210页

作者： Zhang Qin zhu xiaomin Ronald J Steel zhong dakang College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Department of Geological Sciences The University of Texas at Austin

Reservoir quality varies greatly in the Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Sag. It is essential to analyze the variation and mechanisms of reservoir quality for determining the controlling factors based on cores, porosity measurements and fluid inclusion techniques and so on. The sandstones in the fluvial, （fan） delta-front have the best reservoir quality due to the depositional conditions mechanically controlling the petrology configuration and the primary porosity, and chemically influencing the diagenesis and development of secondary pores. The activity of the boundary faults and the sedimentary facies dominate the variation of reservoir quality in different areas and intervals. The reservoir quality varies with the position of sandstone beds in different vertical models of sandstone and mudstone. This mainly arose from the strong cementation or strong dissolution in the sandstone caused by the diagenesis evolution of adjacent mudstone. With higher oil saturation reservoir quality is better because the hydrocarbon charge favors dissolution and restricts cementation. Diagenesis, depositional conditions and tectonic setting are the key controls of reservoir quality in the Shahejie Formation of the Dongying Sag.

关键词： Reservoir quality variation clastic reservoir quality hydrocarbon charge vertical models ofsandstone and mudstone controlling factor

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基于Akt/mTOR通路研究地榆皂苷Ⅱ诱导肝癌细胞凋亡和自噬作用机制

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中草药 2024年第11期55卷 3726-3734页

作者：朱晓敏钟颖黄娜娜孙蓉山东大学第二医院山东济南250033 山东大学高等医学研究院山东济南250012

目的探讨地榆皂苷Ⅱ抑制肝癌细胞增殖、诱导肝癌细胞凋亡和自噬的作用机制。方法采用不同浓度(0、10、20、40μmol/L)地榆皂苷Ⅱ处理人肝癌HepG2细胞和小鼠肝癌Hepa1-6细胞,通过CCK-8和EdU实验观察地榆皂苷Ⅱ对HepG2和Hepa1-6细胞增殖... 详细信息

目的探讨地榆皂苷Ⅱ抑制肝癌细胞增殖、诱导肝癌细胞凋亡和自噬的作用机制。方法采用不同浓度(0、10、20、40μmol/L)地榆皂苷Ⅱ处理人肝癌HepG2细胞和小鼠肝癌Hepa1-6细胞,通过CCK-8和EdU实验观察地榆皂苷Ⅱ对HepG2和Hepa1-6细胞增殖的影响;运用流式细胞术检测地榆皂苷Ⅱ对细胞凋亡的影响;通过Western blotting检测地榆皂苷Ⅱ对细胞凋亡和自噬相关蛋白半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(cysteine-aspartic acid protease-3,Caspase-3)、Caspase-8、Caspase-9、B细胞淋巴瘤2(B-cell lymphoma-2,Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bcl-2-associated X protein,Bax)、cleaved Caspase-3、微管相关蛋白1A/1B-轻链3-Ⅱ(microtubule-associated protein light chain3-Ⅱ,LC3Ⅱ)、微管相关蛋白1A/1B-轻链3-Ⅰ(microtubule-associated protein light chain3-Ⅰ,LC3Ⅰ)、自噬相关蛋白p62、Beclin1及蛋白激酶B(protein kinase B,Akt)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)通路关键蛋白表达的影响。结果地榆皂苷Ⅱ显著抑制HepG2和Hepa1-6细胞活力,且呈现一定的剂量相关性;流式细胞检测发现地榆皂苷Ⅱ给药后细胞凋亡率显著增加(P<0.01、0.001);Western blotting结果显示,与对照组比较,地榆皂苷Ⅱ给药后Caspase-3、Caspase-8、Caspase-9、Bcl-2表达显著降低(P<0.05、0.01、0.001),cleaved Caspase-3、Bax蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.05、0.01),LC3Ⅱ/LC3I值显著升高(P<0.05、0.01、0.001),Beclin1蛋白表达量显著升高(P<0.05、0.01),p62蛋白表达量显著下降(P<0.05、0.01),p-Akt/Akt、p-mTOR/mTOR值显著降低(P<0.05、0.01、0.001)。结论地榆皂苷Ⅱ通过Akt/mTOR通路诱导HepG2和Hepa1-6细胞自噬和凋亡实现对肝癌细胞增殖的抑制,为抗肝细胞癌新药发现提供药理学证据。

关键词：地榆皂苷Ⅱ 增殖凋亡自噬肝细胞癌 Akt/mTOR

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Genetic mechanism and prediction of Paleozoic clastic eureservoirs in platform of Tarim Basin

引用

Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第S1期47卷 28-33页

作者： zhu xiaomin zhong dakang ZHAO ChenglinGU Jiayu WANG Zhaoming ZHOU Xinyuan Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism Ministry of EducationUniversity of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Research Institute of petroleum Exploration and Development Petro-ChinaBeijing 100083China Tarim petroleum Company China National Petroleum CorporationKorla 841000China

Based on the pore cast and cathodolumines-cence thin sections, diagenesis process, source rock matura-tion history, structural evolution and reservoir qualitycharacteristics, the points of view that the porosities of Pa-leozoic clastic eureservoirs in the platform of the Tarim Ba-sin are mainly secondary, and the dissolution plays anunignorable role in the formation of eureservoirs, are putforward. In this paper, a series of criteria for the recognitionof the secondary porosities, the occurrence extent and classi-fication of secondary porosity are introduced, and threekinds of dissolution mechanism-the aluminosilicate dis-solution, the silicon dioxide dissolution and the carbonatedissolution-to generate the secondary porosity are comeup with. The formation, distribution, preservation and dis-appearance of eureservoirs are controlled by the paleo-structural framework and evolution, and hydrocarbon fillingand discharging. Paleostructural framework manipulate themigration path and direction of the acid fluid so as to deter-mine the position and extent of the dissolution. Paleostruc-ture highs and continuous paleouplifts are in favor of devel-oping the secondary porosity. The hydrocarbon filling madethe secondary porosities preserved and the hydrocarbondischarging let the secondary porosities filled by later calciteor quartz overgrowth cements. Paleostructure highs andcontinuous paleouplifts during the maturation period ofCambrian, Ordovician and Carboniferous source rocks(corresponding to S, P and K) are main areas for eureservoirs developing.

关键词： Tarim Basin eureservoir secondary porosity dissolution mechanism controlling factors prediction.

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The Sedimentary System and Evolution of the Early Tertiary in the Sunda Basin, Indonesia

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petroleum Science 2006年第3期3卷 1-11页

作者： zhong dakang zhu xiaomin Zhang Qin Faculty of Natural Resounes ＆ Information Technology China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

The Sunda basin is located at the north of the Sunda Strait situated between Sumatra and Java islands, Indonesia. It is an early Tertiary typical half-graben basin, in which developed a series of terrigenous clastic sedimentation. Previous work suggested that the early Tertiary sediments were alluvial, fluvial, lacustrine and swamp deposits, of which the Banuwati formation was alluvial and lacustrine deposits, the Zelda member fluvial deposits, and Gita member fluvial and swamp deposits. In this paper, based on the integrated research on core lithology （including lithology succession and structure）, well log shape, and seismic reflection characteristics, a more detailed sedimentation system was set up as follows： l） In addition to the alluvial, lacustrine, fluvial and the swamp deposits presented in previous work, subaqeous fan, shore-shallow lacustrine, deep lacustrine and turbidite fan, fan delta and delta deposits also developed in this basin. 2） Alluvial fan, subaqeous fan and fan delta deposits occurred on the steep slope adjacent to the synrift boundary fault; while the deltaic depositional system usually distributed on the gentle slope of the basins. 3） The Zelda member that was interpreted as a fluvial deposit in previous work is now interpreted as a subaqueous fan, fan delta, delta and lacustrine deposit system. 4） From the point of view of sedimentology, the evolution of basin could be divided into four stages： the initial subsidence （matching the Banuwati formation）, the rapid subsidence （matching the low Zelda member of Talang Akar formation）, the steady subsidence or fluctuation （matching the middle Zelda member of Talang Akar formation）, and the uplifting （matching the upper Zelda member and the Gita member of Talang Akar formation）. At the initial subsidence stage, the alluvial fan, flood plain, braided stream deposits developed, and then subaqeous fan sedimentation; at the rapid subsidence stage, shore-shallow lacustrine and deep lacustrine deposits

关键词： Sedimentary facies evolution Sunda basin

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A Novel Beam Design Method for mm Wave Multi-Antenna Arrays with Mutual Coupling Reduction

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china Communications 2019年第10期16卷 37-44页

作者： Weizhi zhong Lei Xu Qiuming zhu xiaomin Chen Jianjiang Zhou College of Astronautics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

To overcome the mutual coupling (MC) of multiple antennas in millimeter wave (mmWave) communication systems, a novel beam design method with low complexity is proposed in this paper. Firstly, an equivalent channel model incorporating the effect of MC is analyzed and established, and then an optimal precoding / combiner vector for beamforming is derived. On this basis, by using greedy geometric (GG) algorithm, a novel hybrid beam design method is proposed. Finally, the performance of proposed method is analyzed and compared with other traditional ones. The simulation results show that the proposed method has better suppression of the MC effect as well as lower complexity.

关键词： millimeter wave (mmWave) antenna array beam design mutual coupling (MC) greedy geometric (GG) algorithm

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MmWave Beamforming for UAV Communications with Unstable Beam Pointing

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china Communications 2019年第1期16卷 37-46页

作者： Weizhi zhong Lei Xu Qiuming zhu xiaomin Chen Jianjiang Zhou College of Astronautics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Millimeter wave(mmWave) communications of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) have drawn dramatic attentions for its flexibility on a variety of ***,channel tracking base on the spatial features has been proposed to solve the problem of beam misalignments due to the UAV ***,unstable beam pointing caused by the non-ideal beam tracking environment may impact the performance of mmWave systems *** this paper,an improved beamforming method is presented to overcome this ***,the effect of the beam deviation is analyzed through the establishment of the equivalent data ***,combining the quantification of spatial angle and the improved orthogonal matching pursuit(OMP) algorithm,an optimized beam corresponding to the beam deviation is *** results show that the optimized beam of the proposed approach can effectively improve the spectral efficiency without improving the complexity when the beam pointing is unstable.

关键词： UAV communications mmWave beamforming unstable beam pointing beam tracking orthogonal matching pursuit(OMP)

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A Novel 3D Non-Stationary UAV-MIMO Channel Model and Its Statistical Properties

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china Communications 2018年第12期15卷 147-158页

作者： Qiuming zhu Kaili Jiang xiaomin Chen Weizhi zhong Ying Yang College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Astronautics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

The wireless communication systems based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs) have found a wide range of applications recently. In this paper, we propose a new three-dimensional(3 D) non-stationary multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) channel model for the communication links between the UAV and mobile terminal(MT). The new model originates the traditional geometry-based stochastic models(GBSMs) but considers the non-stationary propagation environment due to the rapid movements of the UAV, MT, and clusters. Meanwhile, the upgrade time evolving algorithms of time-variant channel parameters, i.e., the path number based on birth-death processes of clusters, path delays, path powers, and angles of arrival and departure, are developed and optimized. In addition, the statistical properties of proposed GBSM including autocorrelation function(ACF), cross-correlation function(CCF), and Doppler power spectrum density(DPSD) are investigated and analyzed. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed model provides a good agreement on the statistical properties with the corresponding derived theoretical ones, which indicates its usefulness for the performance evaluation and validation of the UAV based communication systems.

关键词： unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) non-stationary channel models geometry-based stochastic models(GBSMs) statistical properties

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Channel Modeling and Performance Analysis for UAV Relay Systems

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china Communications 2018年第12期15卷 89-97页

作者： xiaomin Chen Xujun Hu Qiuming zhu Weizhi zhong Bin Chen College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Astronautics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

In this paper, a multi-hop relay channel model based on unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) is established by taking into account of the propagation loss, shadowing, and multi-path fading. Based on the proposed channel model, the cascaded propagation loss of relay link and the cascaded probability density function(PDF) of channel fading are derived. Moreover, the theoretical performance of the UAV-based relay system, i.e., the outage probability, bit error rate(BER), and channel capacity, is also analysed and derived. Simulation results show agreement with theoretical results for the hill, mountain, and sea scenarios, indicating the accuracy of both the simulations and derivations.

关键词： UAV relay system relay channel model outage probability bit error rate channel capacity

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