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Comparison of long-term total ozone observations from space-and ground-based methods at Zhongshan Station,Antarctica

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第11期60卷 2013-2024页

作者： ZHANG Lei zheng xiangdong BIAN LinGen Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081China School of Atmospheric Physics Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China College of Meteorological Observation Chengdu University of lnformation and TechnologyChengdu 610225China

Total ozone errors for satellite observations at Zhongshan Station in Antarctica are characterized using their relative difference （RD） from ground-based Brewer observations during 1993-2015. All satellite total ozone observations slightly overestimated ground-based ones （with RD less than 4%）. This is in contrast to conclusions drawn from global-scale validation studies, where main ground-based reference stations are located in middle latitudes. Given multiple total ozone data per day at Zhongshan Station, observed by a sun synchronous orbit satellite, measurements at the lowest solar zenith angle （SZA） show greatest consistency with Brewer ones, having an overall RD of-0.02-1.15%. Algorithm-retrieved total ozone data from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer （TOMS）, including Solar Backscatter Ultra Violet （SBUV）, TOMS-Earth Probe （EP）, Ozone Monitoring Instrument （OMI）-TOMS, show best agreement with ground-based values; followed by the Global Ozone Measurement Experiment-type Direct Fitting （GOD-FIT） algorithm for the GOME-2A, and finally the Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy （DOAS） --Algorithm retrieved products for satellites-detectors of Global Ozone Measurement Experiment （GOME）, Scanning Imaging Absorption spectroMetr for Atmospheric CHartographY （SCIAMACHY）, and OMI. Satellite total ozone RD presents some statistical characteristics, but no specific trends. DOAS and GOME-2A algorithms have values that significantly increase, when the SZA is above 60°-70°, whereas values for GOME-2A decrease, when the SZA is 80-85°. Satellite total ozone RD is a minimum, when the Brewer total ozone is 300-350 DU, with an obvious increase in RD values for DOAS- and GOME-2A, when the Brewer total ozone is 150-300 DU. Satellite total ozone RD obviously increases, as the time difference between satellite overpasses and Brewer measurements grows. Specifically, RD rises as the absolute time difference increases to more than 4 h, yielding an OMI-TOMS RD of more than 10%

关键词： Relative difference (RD) Satellite total ozone Brewer total ozone Zhongshan Station Antarctica

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Source characteristics of O_3 and CO_2 at Mt. Waliguan Observatory,Tibetan Plateau implied by using ~7Be and ^(210)Pb

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第4期54卷 550-560页

作者： zheng xiangdong WAN GuoJiang TANG Jie Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China State Key Laboratory of Environment Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China

The weekly averages of near-surface ^7Be, ^210pb, 03, and CO2 concentrations at the Global Atmospheric Watch Observatory, Mt. Waliguan （101.98°E, 36.287°N, 3810 m a.s.l.）, from October 2002 to January 2004 are presented. With the establishment of the new datasets of DCCW （Differential Concentrations in Contiguous Weeks） of ^7Be,^210pb, and O3, CO2 （△^7Be, △^210pb, △O3, △CO2, respectively, the impacts of upper-level downward transports and land-surface emissions on O3 and CO2 concentrations are implied by ^7Be and ^210pb being as independent tracers. The relations among △^7Be, △^210pb, and △O3, △CO2 are examined statistically and compared. The results indicate that with the DCCWs, the interferences with the tracing significance of ^7Be and ^210Pb from the seasonal wet scavenging of atmospheric aerosol are greatly reduced, and the weighting sources of O3 or CO2 variations are more pronounced. Basically, the variability of surface O3 is controlled predominately by air mass transported from the upper atmosphere levels while the emission from the Continent Boundary Layer （CBL） has an obvious input for CO2. The relation between △^210pb and △O3 reflects that influences of CBL emission are generally positive/negative for surface O3 budget in summer/winter, and the relation of △^7Be and △CO2 also reveals that upper level downward transport has positive/negative inputs for CO2 in summer/winter. With the highly correlated relations between ^7Be and O3, a quantitative estimation is made of the stratospheric contributions to the budget of surface O3 at WLG： the monthly averages of stratospheric O3 range from 6 ×10^-9 to 8 ×10^-9 （volume mixing ratio） in April and from June to August, and 2 ×10^-9 to 4 ×10^-9 in the remaining months. For the ultimate sources of the baseline concentration of surface 03, which consist of only stratospheric transport and tropospheric photochemistry production, the contribution from stratospheric transport is estimated to be about 20 ×10^-9 from May

关键词： Differential Concentrations in Contiguous Weeks (DCCW) Continent Boundary Layer (CBL) emission downward transport from stratosphere natural trace WLG

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Mass and isotopic concentrations of water-insoluble refractory carbon in total suspended particulates at *** Observatory(China)

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Particuology 2015年第3期13卷 24-31页

作者： xiangdong zheng Chengde Shen Guojiang Wan Jie Tang Kexin Liu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Environment Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Center of Meteorological Sounding Chinese Meteorological Administration State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology and Institute of Heavy Ion Physics Peking University

Mass concentration and isotopic values δ13C and 14C are presented for the water-insoluble refractory carbon （WIRC） component of total suspended particulates （TSP）, collected weekly during 2003, as well as from October 2005 to May 2006 at the WMO-GAW Mt. Waliguan （WLG） site. The overall average WlRC mass concentration was （1183 ± 120）ng/m3 （n = 79）, while seasonal averages were 2081 ± 1707 （spring）, 454±205 （summer）, 650 ±411 （autumn）, and 1019 ± 703 （winter） ng/m3. Seasonal variations in WIRC mass concentrations were consistent with black carbon measurements from an aethalometer, although WIRC concentrations were typically higher, especially in winter and spring. The δ13C PDB value （-25.3 ± 0.8）%0 determined for WIRC suggests that its sources are C3 biomass or fossil fuel combustion. No seasonal change in δ13C PDB was evident. The average percent Modern Carbon （pMC） for 14C in WIRC for winter and spring was （67.2 ± 7.7）% （n = 29）. Lower pMC values were associated with air masses trans- ported from the area east of WLG, while higher pMC values were associated with air masses from the Tibetan Plateau, southwest of WLG. Elevated pMC values with abnormally high mass concentrations of TSP and WIRC were measured during a dust storm event.

关键词： Water-insoluble refractory carbon (WIRC)Mass concentration813C14CMt. Waliguan (WLG)

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Atmospheric pollutants transport tracks revealed from ^(131)I, ^(137)Cs, and ^(134)Cs leaked from Fukushima accident and ~7Be and ^(210)Pb observed at Guiyang of China

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2014年第3期33卷 248-255页

作者： WAN Enyuan zheng xiangdong WANG Shilu WAN Guojiang WANG Changsheng State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences

A massive earthquake measuring 9.0 on the Richter scale that occurred on March 11, 2011, on Honshu Island, Japan, caused radioactivity leakage from the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant, which led to the leakage of artificial nuclides(131I, 137 Cs, and 134Cs) and their global transportation by atmospheric circulation. This paper reports a systematic comparative observation on radioactive concentrations of natural nuclides(7Be and 210Pb) and artificial nuclides(131I, 137 Cs, and 134Cs) at the surface level, measured in weekly continuous aerosol sampling at Mount Guanfeng, Guiyang, China, from March 17, 2011 to April 28, 2011. During this period, the variations in the nuclide concentrations associated with their transport paths were analyzed with 315 hour back-trajectories of air mass initialized 500 m above the surface level at Guiyang. The results show that the pollutants of nuclear leakage from the Fukushima accident were transported to the Guiyang region of China via two significant pathways. In the first pathway the first wave of nuclear pollutants were transported from west to east in air masses at higher altitudes via global atmospheric circulation. The nuclear pollutants encircled the Earth almost once and after about 10 days to two weeks, between March 24 and March 31, 2011, intruded Guiyang from the northwestern region of China. In the second pathway, the nuclear pollutants from the Fukushima region arrived at Guiyang between April 7 and April 14, 2011, via air masses at lower altitudes that moved southwards because of the squeezing of the northeast Asian weather system and then by the influence, in succession, of the northeastern and southeastern air currents in the low-latitude region. The first transport pathway for atmospheric pollutants is on a global scale and based on air masses at higher altitudes, and the second transport pathway is on an eastern Asia regional scale and based on the air masses at lower altitude.

关键词：全球大气环流 137Cs 贵阳地区铅-210 污染物输送中国活度事故

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The vertical structure and seasonal changes of atmosphere ozone and temperature at Zhongshan Station over East Antarctica

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Science China Earth Sciences 2012年第2期55卷 262-270页

作者： BIAN LinGen LIN Zhong ZHANG DongQi zheng xiangdong LU LongHua State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

The vertical structure of the atmospheric ozone and temperature as well as the seasonal variations is presented by using ozone sounding data at Zhongshan Station over East Antarctica from February, 2008 to February, 2009. The results show that the heights of thermal tropopause and ozone tropopause are mostly the same with yearly mean 7.9 and 7.4 km separately above the station. There is obvious seasonal variation in the pressure and temperature of the tropopause, manifested by the clear one-wave pattern with an opposite phase. As the turning point of the tropopause temperature is visible in autumn and faint in spring and winter, the tropopause height can be better confirmed by utilization of the changes of ozone. Seasonal variation of the tropospheric ozone of vertical distribution is not clear, relative to stratosphere. In the spring, ozone in the low level of stratosphere lost seriously. The minimum partial ozone in 14 km was 1.57 MPa only and the maximum partial ozone occurred in the up level stratosphere. In the rest of the season the ozone increases with height rising in the low level of stratosphere. The evidence shows that ozone lost in spring is closely related with low temperature of polar night and the process of PSC photochemical destruction ozone in the stratosphere. From the vertical characteristics and seasonal variation of ozone and temperature, it is meaningful to understand formation and development of Antarctic ozone deletion.

关键词： Antarctica atmospheric ozone and temperature vertical structure seasonal variation

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Two-year measurements of surface ozone at Dangxiong,a remote highland site in the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第5期27卷 133-145页

作者： Weili Lin Xiaobin Xu xiangdong zheng Jaxi Dawa Ciren Baima Jin Ma Centre for Atmosphere Watch & Services Meteorological Observation Centre China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Dangxiong Meteorological Bureau Lhasa Meteorological Bureau Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences McGill University

Measurements of surface O3 and carbon monoxide（CO） were made from September 2009 to August 2011 at Dangxiong（30.48°N, 91.10°E, 4187 m a.s.l.）, a remote highland site in a southern valley of the Nyainqêntanglha Mountains in the Tibetan Plateau, China. The monthly mean O3 mixing ratio ranged from 29.1 to 51.4 ppb, with an average of 38.5 ppb, and the maximum value was observed in May. The average diurnal cycle of O3 concentration showed a minimum in early morning and a maximum in the afternoon, with a broader ＂high platform＂ from the late morning to the late afternoon, and resembled that of surface wind speed. The concentration of surface O3 was highly significantly correlated with tropospheric column O3 over the regions surrounding Dangxiong and with that of surface O3 observed at a site north of the Nyainqêntanglha Mountains, suggesting a good regional representativeness of surface O3 at Dangxiong. In the afternoon when stronger winds blew, surface air showed distinct features of free-atmospheric air, with higher O3, lower CO, and lower relative humidity（RH）. The negative O3-CO and O3-RH correlations in most months indicate a significant influence of air masses from the free troposphere. Trajectory analysis suggests that air masses originating from the south of the site make a negative net contribution to surface O3 and a positive contribution to CO and humidity, and those from the northwest sector contribute conversely to the respective quantities.

关键词： Surface ozone Tibetan Plateau Impact of transport and vertical mixing

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Monitoring atmospheric nitrous oxide background concentrations at Zhongshan Station,east Antarctica

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第9期28卷 193-200页

作者： Wenjuan Ye Lingen Bian Can Wang Renbin Zhu xiangdong zheng Minghu Ding Institute of Polar Environment University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China

At present,continuous observation data for atmospheric nitrous oxide（N_2O） concentrations are still lacking,especially in east *** this paper,nitrous oxide background concentrations were measured at Zhongshan Station（69°22′25″S,76°22′14″E）,east Antarctica during the period of 2008–2012,and their interannual and seasonal characteristics were analyzed and *** mean N_2O concentration was 321.9 n L/L with the range of 320.5–324.8 n L/L during the five years,and it has been increasing at a rate of 0.29% *** N_2O concentrations showed a strong seasonal fluctuation during these five *** concentrations appeared to follow a downtrend from spring to autumn,and then increased in *** the highest concentrations occurred in *** trend was very similar to that observed at other global observation *** overall N_2O concentration at the selected global sites showed an increasing annual trend,and the mean N_2O concentration in the Northern Hemisphere was slightly higher than that in the Southern *** result could be representative of atmospheric N_2O background levels at the global *** study provided valuable data for atmospheric N_2O concentrations in east Antarctica,which is important to study on the relationships between N2 O emissions and climate change.

关键词： Antarctica Zhongshan station N_2O background concentration N_2O characteristics Greenhouse Gases

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The Performance of Downward Shortwave Radiation Products from Satellite and Reanalysis over the Transect of Zhongshan Station to Dome A, East Antarctica

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1574-1588,1671-1675页

作者： Jiajia JIA Zhaoliang ZENG Wenqian ZHANG xiangdong zheng Yaqiang WANG Minghu DING State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

The downward shortwave radiation(DSR) is an important part of the Earth's energy balance, driving Earth's system's energy, water, and carbon cycles. Due to the harsh Antarctic environment, the accuracy of DSR derived from satellite and reanalysis has not been systematically evaluated over the transect of Zhongshan station to Dome A, East ***, this study aims to evaluate DSR reanalysis products(ERA5-Land, ERA5, MERRA-2) and satellite products(CERES and ICDR) in this area. The results indicate that DSR exhibits obvious monthly and seasonal variations, with higher values in summer than in winter. The ERA5-Land(ICDR) DSR product demonstrated the highest(lowest) accuracy,as evidenced by a correlation coefficient of 0.988(0.918), a root-mean-square error of 23.919(69.383) W m^(–2), a mean bias of –1.667(–28.223) W m^(–2) and a mean absolute error of 13.37(58.99) W m^(–2). The RMSE values for the ERA5-Land reanalysis product at seven stations, namely Zhongshan, Panda 100, Panda 300, Panda 400, Taishan, Panda 1100, and Kunlun, were 30.938, 29.447, 34.507, 29.110, 20.339, 17.267, and 14.700 W m^(-2), respectively;with corresponding bias values of 9.887, –12.159, –19.181, –15.519, –8.118, 6.297, and 3.482 W m^(–2). Regarding seasonality, ERA5-Land, ERA5,and MERRA-2 reanalysis products demonstrate higher accuracies during spring and summer, while ICDR products are least accurate in autumn. Cloud cover, water vapor, total ozone, and severe weather are the main factors affecting DSR. The error of DSR products is greatest in coastal areas(particularly at the Zhongshan station) and decreases towards the inland areas of Antarctica.

关键词： downward shortwave radiation East Antarctic reanalysis product satellite product validation

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Surface ozone monitoring and background characteristics at Zhongshan Station over Antarctica

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第10期56卷 1011-1019页

作者： WANG YuTing BIAN LinGen MA YongFeng TANG Jie ZHANG DongQi zheng xiangdong State Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Seasonal variation in surface ozone and the relationship between the background ozone concentration and wind were evaluated at Zhongshan Station,Antarctica using 2008 *** wind frequency from the station area was only 2%,while the prevailing wind frequency was much larger (79.2%).This indicates that the surface ozone observations were not affected by the human activities at the station,and therefore could be counted as background concentrations of surface ozone along Antarctic *** concentration of surface ozone shows a distinct annual variation with the yearly mean of 25.0 nmol mol-1 and the maximum in winter,the minimum in *** surface ozone concentration had a strong negative correlation with ultraviolet radiation,and the mean values during polar night were one to two times higher than those in *** results imply that photochemical destruction of ozone dominates over *** ozone depletion events at Zhongshan Station were obviously related to lower temperatures and higher BrO *** trajectory analysis reveals that the ozone depletion events are predominately caused by the high BrO concentrations.

关键词：南极中山站地面臭氧臭氧监测臭氧浓度臭氧耗损紫外线辐射季节变化人类活动

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^(10)Be/~7Be implies the contribution of stratosphere-troposphere transport to the winter-spring surface O_3 variation observed on the Tibetan Plateau

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第1期56卷 84-88页

作者： zheng xiangdong SHEN ChengDe WAN GuoJiang LIU KeXin TANG Jie XU XiaoBin Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Key Laboratory oflsotope Geochronology and Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China State Key Laboratory of Environment Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China State Key laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology & Institute of Heavy Ion Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China

10Be/7Be is a stratospheric sensitive *** this paper,measurements of 10Be/7Be and surface O3 from October 2005 to May 2006 at *** (hereafter WLG,100.898°E,39.287°N,3810 m,a.s.l.),China global atmospheric watch (GAW) observatory,are introduced and used to investigate the stratosphere-troposphere transport (STT) and its impact on surface O3 on the Tibetan *** results show that the magnitude of STT is weak in winter,followed by strengthening from the end of winter to the middle of spring (from mid February to mid April) with large increases in 10Be,7Be,10Be/7Be and surface *** the end of spring (from the end of April to mid May in this paper),the STT weakened,and the continuous increase of surface O3 at WLG is produced by tropospheric photochemistry reactions.

关键词：臭氧变化青藏高原平流层对流层地表运输冬春季表面测量

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