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Evaluation of Daily Precipitation Product in China from the CMA Global Atmospheric Interim Reanalysis

Journal of Meteorological Research 2020年第1期34卷 117-136,1-4页

作者： Chunxiang LI tianbao zhao Chunxiang SHI Zhiquan LIU Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 National Meteorological Information Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

The China Meteorological Administration(CMA)recently produced a CMA Global Atmospheric Interim Reanalysis(CRAI)dataset for the years 2007–2016.A comprehensive evaluation of the ability of CRAI to capture the spatiotemporal variability of observed precipitation,in terms of both mean states and extreme indicators over China,is *** are made with other current reanalysis datasets,namely,the ECMWF interim reanalysis(ERAI),Japanese 55-yr reanalysis(JRA55),NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis(CFSR),and NASA Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2(MERRA2),as well as NCEP Climate Prediction Center(CPC)*** results show that,for daily variations of rainfall during warm seasons in eastern China,CRAI and CFSR overestimate the precipitation of the main rain belt,while the overestimation is confined to the area south of 25°N in JRA55 but north of 24°N in MERRA2;whereas ERAI tends to underestimate the precipitation in most regions of eastern *** extreme metrics,the total amount of precipitation on days where daily precipitation exceeds the 95 th percentile(R95 pTOT)and the number of consecutive dry days(CDDs)in one month,are examined to assess the performance of reanalysis *** terms of extreme events,CRAI,ERAI,and JRA55 tend to underestimate the R95 pTOT in most of eastern China,whereas more frequent extreme rainfall can be found in most regions of China in both CFSR and MERRA2;and all of the reanalyses underestimate the *** the reanalysis products,CRAI and JRA55 show better agreement with the observed R95 pTOT than the other datasets,with fewer biases,higher correlation coefficients,and much more similar linear trend patterns,while ERAI stands out in better capturing the amount and temporal variations of the observed CDDs.

关键词： China Meteorological Administration(CMA) the CMA Global Atmospheric Interim Reanalysis(CRAI) precipitation daily

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Historical Changes and Future Projections of Extreme Temperature and Precipitation along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2021年第3期35卷 402-415页

作者： Jingpeng ZHANG tianbao zhao Libo ZHOU Lingkun RAN College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100 Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 Department of Lower Atmosphere Observation Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029

Based on multiresource high-resolution in situ and satellite merged observations along with model simulations from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment(CORDEX),this study first investigated historical changes in extreme temperature and precipitation during the period of 1979-2018 in areas along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway,and then projected the future changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme temperature and precipitation under the RCP(Representative Concentration Pathway)4.5 and 8.5 *** paper is expected to enhance our understanding of the spatiotemporal variability in the extreme temperature and precipitation along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway,and to provide scientific basis to advance the Sichuan-Tibet Railway construction and *** results show that temperatures in the Sichuan-Tibet region display a noticeable warming trend in the past 40 years,and the increase of minimum temperature is significantly higher than that of maximum temperature in the northwest of the *** increase of precipitation is found mainly over the northwest of the Tibetan *** for Lhasa and its surrounding areas,precipitation over other areas along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway shows no significant change in the past 40 years,as indicated in five datasets;however,precipitation along the railway has shown a remarkable decrease in the past 20 years in the TRMM satellite *** warm days and nights have clearly increased by 6 and 5 day decade1-for 1979-2019,while cold days and nights have markedly decreased by about 6.6 and 3.6 day decade-1,*** the past 20 years,the areas with increased precipitation from very wet days and extremely wet days are mainly distributed to the north of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway,while in the areas along the railway itself,the very wet days and extremely wet days are *** RCPs 4.5 and 8.5,the temperature in the Sichuan-Tibet region will increase significantly,and the frequency of

关键词： Sichuan-Tibet Railway extreme temperature and precipitation historical change future projection

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Hierarchical porous molybdenum carbide synergic morphological engineering towards broad multi-band tunable microwave absorption

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Nano Research 2024年第11期17卷 9845-9856页

作者： tianbao zhao Di Lan Zirui Jia Zhenguo Gao Guanglei Wu School of Materials Science and Engineering Hubei University of Automotive Technology Shiyan 442002 China Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China

With the accelerating development of electronic technology, how to effectively eliminate electromagnetic radiation pollution has become a critical issue. Electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials have an irreplaceable position in the field of military stealth as well as in the field of electromagnetic pollution control. In order to cope with the complicated electromagnetic environment, the design of multifunctional and multiband high-efficiency EMW absorbers remains a daunting challenge. In this work, a hierarchical porous molybdenum carbide matrix with a three-dimensional porous structure was designed by salt melt synthesis (SMS) strategy. Furthermore, the relationship between the structure and the impedance matching performance was explored by stepwise modification via ultrathin layered MoS_(2) nanoflakes. Analysis indicates that the extent of modification of hierarchical porous molybdenum carbide by MoS_(2) nanoflakes modulates the dielectric performance due to differences in morphology and the introduction of heterogeneous structures, along with a dramatic impact on the impedance matching performance. In particular, the prepared MS/MC/PNC-2 composite exhibits a reflection loss (RL) of -55.30 dB at 2.4 mm, and an ultra-broad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 7.60 GHz is obtained at 2.0 mm. The coordination of structure and component enables the absorber to exhibit strong absorption, wide bandwidth, thin thickness, and multi-band absorption characteristics. Noticeably, the effective absorption performance in the broadband for X and Ku is also satisfying, as well as possessing moderate marine anti-corrosion performance. This study contributes to an in-depth understanding of the relationship between impedance matching and EMW absorber performance and provides a reference for the design of multifunctional, multiband microwave absorbing materials.

关键词： electromagnetic wave absorber impedance matching multiband Schottky barrier

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Preface to the Special Issue on Causes, Impacts, and Predictability of Droughts for the Past, Present, and Future

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 191-192页

作者： tianbao zhao Aiguo DAI Jianping HUANG Lixia ZHANG Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100029China Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences University at AlbanySUNYAlbanyNew York 80307USA Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Drought is a recurring dry condition with below-normal precipitation and is often associated with warm temperatures or heatwaves. A drought event can develop slowly over several weeks or suddenly within days, commonly under abnormal atmospheric conditions(e.g., quasi-stationary high-pressure systems), and can persist for weeks, months, or even years.

关键词： drought within suddenly

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Multiphase Interfacial Regulation Based on Hierarchical Porous Molybdenum Selenide to Build Anticorrosive and Multiband Tailorable Absorbers

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 85-105页

作者： tianbao zhao Zirui Jia Jinkun Liu Yan Zhang Guanglei Wu Pengfei Yin College of Science Sichuan Agricultural UniversityYa’an 625014People’s Republic of China Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment State Key Laboratory of Bio‑Fibers and Eco‑TextilesCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071People’s Republic of China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071People’s Republic of China

Electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbing materials have an irreplaceable position in the field of military stealth as well as in the field of electromagnetic pollution *** in order to cope with the complex electromagnetic environment,the design of multifunctional and multiband high efficiency EMW absorbers remains a tremendous *** this work,we designed a three-dimensional porous structure via the salt melt synthesis strategy to optimize the impedance matching of the ***,through interfacial engineering,a molybdenum carbide transition layer was introduced between the molybdenum selenide nanoparticles and the three-dimensional porous carbon matrix to improve the absorption behavior of the *** analysis indicates that the number and components of the heterogeneous interfaces have a significant impact on the EMW absorption performance of the absorber due to mechanisms such as interfacial polarization and conduction loss introduced by interfacial ***,the prepared MoSe_(2)/MoC/PNC composites showed excellent EMW absorption performance in C,X,and Ku bands,especially exhibiting a reflection loss of−59.09 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 6.96 GHz at 1.9 *** coordination between structure and components endows the absorber with strong absorption,broad bandwidth,thin thickness,and multi-frequency absorption ***,it can effectively reinforce the marine anticorrosion property of the epoxy resin coating on Q235 steel *** study contributes to a deeper understanding of the relationship between interfacial engineering and the performance of EMW absorbers,and provides a reference for the design of multifunctional,multiband EMW absorption materials.

关键词： Interfacial engineering Anticorrosion Multiband Electromagnetic wave absorber

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Satellite-Based Estimation of Daily Average Net Radiation under Clear-Sky Conditions

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2014年第3期31卷 705-720页

作者： HOU Jiangtao JIA Gensuo zhao tianbao WANG Hesong TANG Bohui Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

ABSTRACT Daily average net radiation （DANR） is an important variable for estimating evapotranspiration from satellite data at regional scales, and is used for atmospheric and hydrologic modeling, as well as ecosystem management. A scheme is proposed to estimate the DANR over large heterogeneous areas under clear-sky conditions using only remotely sensed data. The method was designed to overcome the dependence of DANR estimates on ground data, and to map spatially consistent and reasonably distributed DANR, by using various land and atmospheric data products retrieved from MODIS （Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer） data. An improved sinusoidal model was used to retrieve the diurnal variations of downward shortwave radiation using a single instantaneous value from satellites. The downward shortwave component of DANR was directly obtained from this instantaneous value, and the upward shortwave component was estimated using satellite-derived albedo products. Four observations of air temperature from MOD07_L2 and MYD07_L2 data products were used to derive the downward longwave component of DANR, while the upward longwave component was estimated using the land surface temperature （LST） and the surface emissivity from MOD1 l_L2. Compared to in situ observations at the cropland and grassland sites located in Tongyu, northern China, the root mean square error （RMSE） of DANR estimated for both sites under clear-sky conditions was 37 W m-2 and 40 W m-2, respectively. The errors in estimation of DANR were comparable to those from previous satellite-based methods. Our estimates can be used for studying the surface radiation balance and evapotranspiration.

关键词： daily average net radiation satellite climate model four-component radiation surface radiation balance

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Superabsorbent poly(acrylic acid) and antioxidant poly(ester amide) hybrid hydrogel for enhanced wound healing

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2021年第2期8卷 26-33页

作者： Jianhua Zhang Junfei Hu Baoshu Chen tianbao zhao Zhipeng Gu School of Materials Science and Engineering Xihua UniversityChengdu 610039P.R.China College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065P.R.China College of Chemistry Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065P.R.China Yibin Tianyuan Grp Co. Ltd.YibinSichuan Province 644000P.R.China Research Institute of Sun Yat-Sen University Shenzhen 518057P.R.China

Wound healing dressing is increasingly needed in clinical owing to the large quantity of skin damage *** reactive oxygen species(ROS)produced through internal or external environmental influences can lead to lipid peroxidation,protein denaturation,and even DNA damage,and ultimately have harmful effects on *** to sufficiently contact with the wound microenvironment and scavenge ROS,superabsorbent poly(acrylic acid)and antioxidant poly(ester amide)(PAA/PEA)hybrid hydrogel has been developed to enhance wound *** physical and chemical properties of hybrid hydrogels were studied by Fourier-transform infrared(FTIR)absorption spectrum,compression,swelling,degradation,***,the antioxidant properties of hybrid hydrogels can be investigated through the free radical scavenging experiment,and corresponding antioxidant indicators have been tested at the cellular *** hydrogel scaffolds supported the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and fibroblasts,as well as accelerated angiogenesis and skin regeneration in *** healing properties of wounds in vivo were further assessed on mouse skin *** showed that PAA/PEA hybrid hydrogel scaffolds significantly accelerated the wound healing process through enhancing granulation formation and *** summary,these superabsorbent and antioxidative hybrid hydrogels could be served as an excellent wound dressing for full-thickness wound healing.

关键词： poly(acrylic acid)/poly(ester amide) superabsorbent antioxidant wound healing

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Future Drought Changes in China Projected by the CMIP6 Models:Contributions from Key Factors

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2023年第4期37卷 454-468页

作者： Qingxin CHEN tianbao zhao Lijuan HUA Jinhua YU Yafang WANG Chuan XU Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 Key Laboratory of Regional Climate–Environment Research for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083 College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety College of Atmospheric SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000 College of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044

Model simulations show that drought may become more severe and widespread in the 21st century due to humaninduced global warming. However, the contributions from the key factors to the model-projected drought changes in China have not yet been examined in detail. We used the self-calibrated Palmer Drought Severity Index with Penman–Monteith potential evapotranspiration(scPDSIpm) based on 10 model simulations selected from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6). We investigated the contributions from precipitation(P), near-surface air temperature and specific humidity [Δ(T + q)], net surface longwave radiation(LW), net surface shortwave radiation(SW), and wind speed(WS) to the future changes in scPDSIpm, including the long-term mean, drying area,probability distribution function(PDF), drought frequency, and drought duration based on the scPDSIpm over *** results show that model-projected drying mainly occurs over southern China, whereas the dry areas under drought conditions increase from 20% to about 23%/30% under the two scenarios of the shared socioeconomic pathway(SSP2-4.5/SSP5-8.5) from 1985 to 2100, despite large uncertainties in individual projections partly due to internal variability. Drought frequency is projected to increases by about 10%–54%(15%–88%) under the SSP2-4.5(SSP5-8.5) scenario by the late 21st century, along with increases in drought duration. These changes are accompanied by a decrease in the mean scPDSIpm and flattening of the PDFs. The changes in drying over southern China are mainly attributed to surface warming and the increased surface vapor pressure deficit(VPD), with small contributions from changes in the surface net radiation. The changes in wetting over northern China mostly result from increased precipitation along with a small wetting effect from the changes in wind speed.

关键词： drought future projection key factors China Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6

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L-Arginine/nanofish bone nanocomplex enhances bone regeneration via antioxidant activities and osteoimmunomodulatory properties

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第1期32卷 234-238页

作者： Liping Huang Jianhua Zhang Xianhu Liu tianbao zhao Zhipeng Gu Yiwen Li School of Materials Science and Engineering Xihua UniversityChengdu 610039China College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518057China National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450002China

In this study,a promising strategy has been developed to promote bone regeneration by combining antioxidant activities and osteoimmunomodulatory ***,an L-arginine/nanofish bone(Arg/NFB) nanocomplex has been prepared and evaluated in vitro and in *** Arg/NFB nanocomplex possesses good antioxidant activities and could modulate the polarization of non-activated macrophage into different types and induce the secretion of pre-inflammato ry,anti-inflammatory,osteogenic as well as angiogenic ***,the regulated immune microenvironment can enhance the osteogenic differentiation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor cells(MC3 T3-E1) and angiogenic capacity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs),leading to the improved formation of mineralized nodules,alkaline phosphatase activity and angiogenic *** vivo results with cranial defect models reveal that the treatment of Arg/NFB nanocomplex exhibited significant improvement of new bone formation and *** the results demonstrate Arg/NFB nanocomplex with antioxidant activities and osteoimmunomodulatory properties could be a new idea for developing the next generation of bone regeneration biomaterials.

关键词： Antioxidant activities Osteoimmunodulatory properties Bone regeneration Arginine Nanofish bone

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Self-assembly tungsten selenide hybrid ternary MOF derived magnetic alloys via multi-polarization to boost microwave absorption

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1625-1635页

作者： tianbao zhao Tingting Zheng Di Lan Yan Zhang Zhengshuo Sun Chao Wang Zirui Jia Guanglei Wu Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textilesCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China School of Materials Science and Engineering Hubei University of Automotive TechnologyShiyan 442002China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China

Confronted with severe electromagnetic wave pollution,the development of high-performance electromagnetic wave shielding or absorbing materials is an effective way to deal with ***,double transition metal alloys and transition metal dichalcogenides have attracted extensive attention in electromagnetic wave absorption,but few reports have studied the effects of these two materials on electromagnetic wave absorption at the same *** this work,cobalt-based alloy with magnetic loss mechanism was selected for composition *** ternary metal-organic framework was prepared by the one-step method,and then CoCu/C was prepared by high temperature ***,in the hydrothermal process,ultra-thin tungsten selenide nanosheets were coated on the surface of magnetic component,and the final polyhedral WSe_(2)/CoCu/C composites with multiple heterogeneous interfaces were *** synergistic effect of dielectric and magnetic components optimizes impedance matching and allows more electromagnetic waves to enter the ***,through the conduction loss of high conductivity graphitized carbon,interfacial polarization,and dipole polarization of heterogeneous interfaces between the components,the magnetic loss provided by CoCu alloy can work together to maximize the attenuation ability of electromagnetic ***,the minimum reflection loss(RLmin)value of the composite reaches-53.43 dB when the matched thickness is 2.1 mm,while the maximum effective absorption bandwidth(EABmax)reaches 6.0 GHz at a thin thickness of 1.8 *** work provides some support and reference for the design of novel electromagnetic wave absorbing materials via the dielectric/magnetic loss synergistic mechanism.

关键词： metal-organic framework dielectric/magnetic loss transition metal dichalcogenide electromagnetic wave absorption

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