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Single-cell RNA-seq reveals the transcriptional program underlying tumor progression and metastasis in neuroblastoma

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第4期18卷 690-707页

作者： zhe Nian Dan Wang Hao Wang Wenxu liu zhenyi Ma jie Yan Yanna Cao jie Li Qiang zhao zhe liu Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China zhejiang key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics Department of Cell BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou311121China Department of Pediatric Oncology Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China

Neuroblastoma(NB)is one of the most common childhood *** percent of patients present with widely disseminated clinical signs at diagnosis and exhibit poor ***,the molecular mechanisms triggering NB metastasis remain largely *** this study,we generated a transcriptomic atlas of 15447 NB cells from eight NB samples,including paired samples of primary tumors and bone marrow *** used time-resolved analysis to chart the evolutionary trajectory of NB cells from the primary tumor to the metastases in the same patient and identified a common‘starter’subpopulation that initiates tumor development and ***‘starter’population exhibited high expression levels of multiple cell cycle-related genes,indicating the important role of cell cycle upregulation in NB tumor *** addition,our evolutionary trajectory analysis demonstrated the involvement of partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(p-EMT)along the metastatic route from the primary site to the bone *** study provides insights into the program driving NB metastasis and presents a signature of metastasis-initiating cells as an independent prognostic indicator and potential therapeutic target to inhibit the initiation of NB metastasis.

关键词： single-cell RNA sequencing metastasis neuroblastoma epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

Microstructure Recrystallization and Mechanical Properties of a Cold-Rolled TiNbZrTaHf Refractory High-Entropy Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第4期37卷 633-647页

作者： chuan Rong jieren Yang Xiaoliang zhao ke Huang Ying liu Xiaohong Wang Dongdong Zhu Ruirun Chen College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China key Laboratory of Air-Driven Equipment Technology of zhejiang Province Quzhou UniversityQuzhou324000China School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China

The equiatomic TiNbZrTaHf alloy was successfully rolled at room temperature with the reduction of ~ 85%. The microstructure and tensile properties were investigated after cold working and annealing. It was determined that the recrystallization temperature of the TiNbZrTaHf alloy between 850 and 900 ℃. Complete recrystallization and normal grain growth occurred, the high stability of single phase was maintained after annealing at 1000, 1200, and 1400 ℃. But the precipitated phase appeared after long term annealing, as seen after 500 h at 1000 ℃. After cold working, the tensile strength and the elongation of TiNbZrTaHf were 1137 MPa and 25.1%, respectively. The annealed alloy has a high tensile strength (σ_(b )= 863 MPa) and ductility (ε_(e )= 28.5%). Moreover, the oxidation of TiNbZrTaHf alloy at elevated temperatures has a significant impact on its mechanical properties. The poor oxidation resistance of TiNbZrTaHf can accelerate tensile failure by inducing fractures at grain boundaries.

关键词： Refractory high entropy alloy Cold rolling Recrystallization Oxidation resistance Mechanical properties

Full lifetime demonstration of a Micro-Cathode-Arc thruster evolution characteristics

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 38-49页

作者： zhe ZHANG Zijing zhao Xiangyang liu Ningfei WANG School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Ground lifetime test is the most crucial experiment to assess the performance,*** flight qualification of electric propulsion,and it can bring new insights for understanding the operation *** work demonstrates a full lifetime test of 140000 cycles on a Micro-Cathode-Arc Thruster(μCAT)with 160μs charging time and 86 mJ charging energy.A four-probe resistivity measurement method is utilized to investigate variations in the conductive film thickness and resistivity throughout the thruster *** film parameters show that the lifetime of theμCAT can be divided into three *** the initial stage,the film thickness decreases by 1.2μm and the resistivity increases significantly due to the high discharge intensity and intense film ablation;In the steady stage,the change of the film thickness is within 5%,and the resistivity of the film increases slowly from 0.050Ω·mm to 0.223Ω·*** the end stage,the resistivity exponentially increases from 0.223Ω·mm to 1.176Ω·mm,with the increase accounting for 81%,ultimately resulting in the failure of the thruster open ***,the evolution of discharge parameters,and the variation of plume parameters are measured throughout the *** discharge characteristics also show significant differences in the duration of voltage and current in these three *** results of plume shape and plasma parameters are also well con-sistent with the discharge parameters and film *** results suggest that,for evaluating the steady stage lifetime of thrusters,the film thickness is the best indicator compared to the variations in resistivity and voltage-current *** the end stage,the plasma plume *** duration,and plume parameters can conveniently and clearly characterize the thruster failures and irregularity.

关键词： Electric propulsion Lifetime test Micro-Cathode-Arc Thruster(uCAT) Conductive film Discharge characteristics Plasma parameters

Retaining the self-released chalcogenate at reconstructed cobalt sites by self-transformed carbonate regulation for boosted oxygen evolution

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 46-54,I0002页

作者： Jingxuan zhao zhe Xue Qing Wang Xiangyang Li Shoujie liu Xu zhao School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049ShaanxiChina key Laboratoryof Materials Physics Instituteof Solid State PhysicsHefei Institutes of Physical Science(HFIPS)Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 23031 Anhui China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601AnhuiChina

The in-situ generated oxyanions at electrochemically reconstructed catalysts from metal-based nonoxide compounds have been proven to significantly accelerate oxygen evolution reaction(OER)***,it remains a challenge to retain these self-released oxyanions at reconstructed catalysts,hindering its utilization as a tool to develop efficient OER ***,we demonstrate a versatile selftransformed carbonate regulation strategy to efficiently retain the self-released chalcogenate at Co oxyhydroxides reconstructed from carbon-incorporated Co selenides under OER *** selftransformed CO_(3)^(2-)can induce electron accumulation and narrow d bond at Co sites to facilitate the Co3d-O 2p orbital hybridization between Co sites and SeO_(x)^(2-)for enhanced SeO_(x)^(2-)retention,which can accelerate the rate-limiting step for^(*)OOH formation during *** to CoOOH-SeO_(x)^(2-)with limited SeO_(x)^(2-)residues,CoOOH-CO_(3)^(2-)/SeO_(x)^(2-)with elevated SeO_(x)^(2-)retention by CO_(3)^(2-)regulation exhibited a 5.6-fold increase in current density and a remarkable lower Tafel slope towards *** strategy paves a rational avenue to design efficient catalysts for electrooxidation reactions through finely regulating self-released oxyanions at reconstructed structures.

关键词： Electrochemical reconstruction Chalcogenate retention Carbonate regulation Orbital hybridization Oxygen evolution reaction

Data driven analysis reveals prognostic genes and immunological targets in human sepsis-associated acute kidney injury

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第2期15卷 91-97页

作者： Qing zhao Jinfu Ma Jianguo Xiao zhe Feng Hui liu Department of Diagnosis and Treatment of Cadres the First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Intensive Care Unit the 305th Hospital of Chinese PLABeijing 100032China Department of Critical Care Medicine the First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Nephrology Department the First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China

BACKGROUND:The molecular mechanism of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury(SA-AKI)is *** analyzed co-differentially expressed genes(co-DEGs)to elucidate the underlying mechanism and intervention targets of ***:The microarray datasets GSE65682,GSE30718,and GSE174220 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)*** identified the co-DEGs and constructed a gene co-expression network to screen the hub *** analyzed immune correlations and disease correlations and performed functional annotation of the hub *** also performed single-cell and microenvironment analyses and investigated the enrichment pathways and the main transcription ***,we conducted a correlation analysis to evaluate the role of the hub ***:Interleukin 32(IL32)was identified as the hub gene in SA-AKI,and the main enriched signaling pathways were associated with hemopoiesis,cellular response to cytokine stimulus,inflammatory response,and regulation of kidney ***,IL32 was significantly associated with mortality in SA-AKI ***,macrophages,T cells,and NK cells were closely related to IL32 and were involved in the immune microenvironment in SA-AKI ***32 expression increased significantly in the kidney of septic ***-like receptor 2(TLR2)was significantly and negatively correlated with ***:IL32 is the key gene involved in SA-AKI and is significantly associated with ***2 and relevant immune cells are closely related to key genes.

关键词： Sepsis Acute kidney injury Interleukin 32 Toll-like receptor 2 Bioinformatics analysis

A highly reliable encoding and decoding communication framework based on semantic information

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 509-518页

作者： Yichi Zhang Haitao zhao Kuo Cao Li Zhou zhe Wang Yueling liu Jibo Wei College of Electronic Science and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Increasing research has focused on semantic communication,the goal of which is to convey accurately the meaning instead of transmitting symbols from the sender to the *** this paper,we design a novel encoding and decoding semantic communication framework,which adopts the semantic information and the contextual correlations between items to optimize the performance of a communication system over various *** the sender side,the average semantic loss caused by the wrong detection is defined,and a semantic source encoding strategy is developed to minimize the average semantic *** further improve communication reliability,a decoding strategy that utilizes the semantic and the context information to recover messages is proposed in the *** simulation results validate the superior performance of our strategies over state-of-the-art semantic coding and decoding policies on different communication channels.

关键词： Semantic information Semantic encoding method Context-based decoding method

Development of small molecule drugs targeting immune checkpoints

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第5期21卷 382-399页

作者： Luoyi Chen Xinchen zhao Xiaowei liu Yujie Ouyang chuan Xu Ying Shi Department of Oncology Sichuan Academy of Medical SciencesSichuan Provincial People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Institute for Breast Health Medicine State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Acupuncture and Massage College Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611137China

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are used to relieve and refuel anti-tumor immunity by blocking the interaction,transcription,and translation of co-inhibitory immune checkpoints or degrading co-inhibitory immune *** of small molecule drugs or biological materials,especially antibody-based ICIs,are actively being studied and antibodies are currently widely ***,such as anti-tumor efficacy,poor membrane permeability,and unneglected tolerance issues of antibody-based ICIs,remain evident but are thought to be overcome by small molecule *** structural studies have broadened the scope of candidate immune checkpoint molecules,as well as innovative chemical *** way of comparison,small molecule drug-based ICIs represent superior oral bioavailability and favorable pharmacokinetic *** ongoing clinical trials are exploring the synergetic effect of ICIs and other therapeutic strategies based on multiple ICI functions,including immune regulation,anti-angiogenesis,and cell cycle *** this review we summarized the current progression of small molecule ICIs and the mechanism underlying immune checkpoint proteins,which will lay the foundation for further exploration.

关键词： Immune checkpoints small molecule drugs programmed death protein 1 CD47 signal-regulatory proteinα

Biocrusts impact soil properties and ecological stoichiometry characteristics in frozen ground regions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第3期6卷 151-162页

作者： Jiao Ming Yunge zhao Yingying Sun zhe liu The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of EducationYangling 712100China College of Soil&Water Conservation Science and Engineering(Institute of Soil and Water Conservation) Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences&Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100China Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co. Ltd.Xi'an 710075China

Biocrusts(BSCs)are widely distributed in frozen ground regions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and they are considered an important component of cold ***,the specific impacts of BSCs on frozen soil remains relatively *** aim of our study was to clarify the influence of BSCs(light BSCs and dark BSCs in two different succession stages)on the physical properties and ecological stoichiometry characteristics of frozen *** results showed that BSCs increased the silt particle content in 20–40 cm soil layer,leading to a decrease in soil bulk *** the field water capacity increased about 10%–40%compared to bare ***,BSCs significantly increased the contents of soil organic carbon(SOC,22.6–30.8 g kg^(-1))and total nitrogen(TN,2.1–2.8 g kg^(-1))in the upper 40 cm soil layer,both of them were approximately 1.3–2.0 and 1.3–4.0 times higher than those observed in bare ***,BSCs did not have significant influence on soil total phosphorus(TP).BSCs had a significant impact on the stoichiometric ratios within 40 *** C/N ratios of the two types of BSCs ranged from 8.8 to 13.5,the C/P ratios ranged from 6.6 to 13.8,and the N/P ratios ranged from 0.6 to 1.2,which were all higher than those of the bare *** were no significant differences among the C/N,C/P,and N/P ratios between two types of ***,the increment of C/P and N/P ratios of dark BSCs were significantly higher than those of light BSCs within 0–30 cm,which indicated that a reduction in the availability of phosphorus during the later stages of BSCs *** findings provided a theoretical basis for further research on the ecological functions of BSCs in frozen ground regions.

关键词： biocrusts frozen soil soil properties stoichiometry characteristics Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Copper oxide-modified highly reversible Zn powder anode for aqueous Zn metal batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第10期43卷 5005-5016页

作者： Guan-Qun liu Biao Fu zhe-Xuan liu Lan-Yan Li Shu-Quan Liang Guo-zhao Fang School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan ProvinceCentral South University School of Science Hunan University of Technology and Business National Energy Metal Resources and New Materials key Laboratory Central South University

With the advantages of mature preparation technology,structural adjustability and suitability for large-scale application,Zn powder anode is considered to be an ideal electrode for realizing low-cost,high-energy-density aqueous Zn metal ***,the high specific surface of Zn powders leads to severe side reactions such as hydrogen evolution and corrosion,thus limiting their widespread use Here,this work develops a novel CuO@Zn powder anode with a synergy effect of surface wrapping and *** powders are uniformly wrapped by small CuO particles due to the strong adsorption between Zn and *** wrapped CuO particles build a good conductive framework to inhibit the structural collapse of the Zn powder caused by corrosion and non-uniform ***,CuO can also be used as a seed to guide the uniform deposition of Zn ions through its strong binding energy with *** a result,the Cu O@Zn anode can maintain a long cyclic life of 900 h at current density of 1 mA·cm-2and capacity of 1 mAh·cm-2,as well as contribute to an excellent capacity retention of 92%after 800cycles for CuO@Zn||NH4V4O10full *** at high current density of 5 A·g-1,the full cell exhibits a specific capacity of more than 200 mAh·g-1after 800 cycles,with a good capacity retention of 89%.This work provides a new idea for developing high-performance Zn powder-based anodes.

关键词： Aqueous Zn metal batteries Copper oxide Surface wrapping Zn anode Zn powder