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不同种植模式对坡耕地红壤有机碳氮组分的影响

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中国土壤与肥料 2024年第5期 17-23页

作者：杨春怀李永梅李孝梅鲁泽让赵吉霞云南农业大学资源与环境学院云南昆明650201

探究不同种植模式下红壤有机碳、氮组分的变化规律,为改善红壤质量具有重要意义。通过小区试验,以玉米//萝卜间作(MS)、玉米//大豆间作(MR)、单种玉米(MM)、单种大豆(RR)和单种萝卜(SS)为研究对象进行探讨。结果显示,间作能够促进土壤... 详细信息

探究不同种植模式下红壤有机碳、氮组分的变化规律,为改善红壤质量具有重要意义。通过小区试验,以玉米//萝卜间作(MS)、玉米//大豆间作(MR)、单种玉米(MM)、单种大豆(RR)和单种萝卜(SS)为研究对象进行探讨。结果显示,间作能够促进土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)和微生物量碳(MBC)、氮(MBN)及可溶性有机碳(DOC)、氮(DON)含量的增加,其中MBC和MBN含量的提升效果较显著。MR处理的SOC、MBC和DOC含量较MM和RR处理分别提高18.40%~31.60%和5.40%~52.10%,TN、MBN和DON含量分别提高13.40%~84.30%和19.20%~64.40%;MS处理SOC、MBC和DOC含量较MM和SS处理分别提高5.10%~9.60%和12.00%~53.80%,TN、MBN和DON含量分别提高2.70%~31.00%和0.80%~23.42%。其中,MBC和DON含量占SOC和TN的比重较大,分别为1.00%~1.71%和5.10%~14.18%。相关性分析表明,各碳、氮组分含量与土壤有机碳、氮呈显著正相关,其中DOC与SOC、MBN与TN之间的相关系数均高于0.70,说明DOC与MBN可较好地反映土壤SOC和TN的动态变化。综上所述,间作种植是有利于研究区内坡耕地水土保持和土壤肥力的关键技术措施之一。

关键词：坡耕地红壤间作土壤活性碳组分土壤活性氮组分

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冬绿肥覆盖对土壤团聚体及有机碳和AMF多样性的影响

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环境科学 2024年第4期45卷 2363-2372页

作者：鲁泽让陈佳钰李智贤李永梅罗志章杨锐田明洋赵吉霞范茂攀云南农业大学资源与环境学院昆明650201

为探究冬绿肥覆盖对土壤AMF(丛枝菌根真菌)群落和团聚体及其有机碳含量的影响.以坡耕地红壤为研究对象,采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序、湿筛法和重铬酸钾外加热法分别测定AMF群落组成、团聚体和有机碳含量.研究了苕子覆盖(VC)、豌豆覆盖... 详细信息

为探究冬绿肥覆盖对土壤AMF(丛枝菌根真菌)群落和团聚体及其有机碳含量的影响.以坡耕地红壤为研究对象,采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序、湿筛法和重铬酸钾外加热法分别测定AMF群落组成、团聚体和有机碳含量.研究了苕子覆盖(VC)、豌豆覆盖(PC)和冬季休耕(WF)这3个处理下AMF群落组成及多样性和有机碳含量与团聚体稳定性的关系.结果表明,VC和PC处理的>2 mm团聚体含量和团聚体稳定性显著高于WF,0.25~1 mm和2 mm团聚体含量、R0.25、MWD和GMD与多样性(Chao1、ACE、Shannon)指数、Glomus、Gigaspora(巨孢囊霉属)及Scutellospora(盾巨孢囊霉属)相对丰度呈正相关关系,AMF群落丰富度(ACE和Chao1指数)和Gigaspora是冬绿肥覆盖下促进土壤团聚体稳定的主要影响因子(P<0.05);SEM分析发现,AMF群落丰富度通过改变SOC含量来影响土壤团聚体的形成与稳定.结果表明,在休耕期进行冬绿肥覆盖,可通过提高土壤AMF群落丰富度和团聚体有机碳含量,从而进一步提高团聚体稳定性.研究结果可为我国南方红壤坡耕地休耕期推行冬绿肥覆盖模式和农田土壤侵蚀的防治提供理论依据.

关键词：冬绿肥覆盖 AMF群落多样性团聚体有机碳团聚体稳定性结构方程模型丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)

Responses of Dodonaea viscosa growth and soil biological properties to nitrogen and phosphorus additions in Yuanmou dry-hot valley

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第6期15卷 1283-1298页

作者： WANG Xue-mei YAN Bang-guo zhao Guang zhao ji-xia SHI Liang-tao LIU Gang-cai Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources Chengdu 610041 China Institute of Tropical Eco-agricultural Sciences Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Yuanmou 651300 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) are limited nutrients in terrestrial ecosystems, and their limitation patterns are being changed by the increase in N deposition. However, little information concerns the plant growth and the soil biological responses to N and P additions among different soils simultaneously, and these responses may contribute to understand plant-soil interaction and predict plant performance under global change. Thus, this study aimed to explore how N and P limitation changes in different soil types, and reveal the relationship between plant and soil biological responses to nutrient additions. We planted Dodonaea viscosa, a globally distributed species in three soil types(Lixisols, Regosols and Luvisols) in Yuanmou dry-hot valley in Southwest China and fertilized them factorially with N and P. The growth and biomass characters of D. viscosa, soil organic matter, available N, P contents and soil carbon(C), N, P-related enzyme activities were quantified. N addition promoted the growth and leaf N concentration of D. viscosa in Lixisols; N limitation in Lixisols was demonstrated by lower soil available N with higher urease activity. P addition promoted the growth and leaf P concentration of D. viscosa in Luvisols; severe P limitation in Luvisols was demonstrated by a higher soil available N: P ratio with higher phosphatase activity. Urease activity was negatively correlated with soil available N in Nlimited Lixisols, and phosphatase activity was negatively correlated with soil available P in P-limited Luvisols. Besides, the aboveground biomass and leaf N concentration of D. viscosa were positively correlated with soil available N in Lixisols, but the aboveground biomass was negatively correlated with soil available P. Our results show similar nutrient limitation patterns between plant and soil microorganism in the condition of enough C, and the nutrient limitations differ across soil types. With the continued N deposition, N limitation of the Lixisols in d

关键词： Nutrient limitation Nitrogen-phosphorus Nitrogen deposition Soil enzyme Dry-hot valley Dodonaea viscosa

Spatiotemporal variation of soil organic carbon in the cultivated soil layer of dry land in the South-Western Yunnan Plateau, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第12期14卷 2484-2497页

作者： zhao ji-xia DAI Fu-qiang HE Shou-jia ZHANG Qing LIU Gang-cai Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Tourism and Land Resources Chongqing Technology and Business University Agricultural Environmental and Resources Research Institute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The dynamics of soil organic carbon(SOC)in cropland is one of the central issues related to both soil fertility and environmental safety. However, little information is available at county level regarding the spatiotemporal variability of SOC in the southwestern mountainous region of China. Thus, this study aimed to explore spatiotemporal changes of SOC in the cultivated soil layer of dry land in Mojiang County,Yunnan Province, China. Data were obtained from the second national soil survey(SNSS) of 1985 and soil tests for fertilizer application carried out by the Mojiang Agricultural Bureau in 2006. The ANOVA test was applied to determine any significant differences between the datasets, while semivariogram analysis was performed on geostatistics via an ordinary Kriging method in order to map spatial patterns of soil organic carbon density(SOCD). The results revealed that SOCD in the cultivated soil layer significantly decreased from 3.93 kg m^(-2) in 1985 to 2.89 kg m^(-2) in 2006, with a total soil organic carbon stock(SOCS) decrease of 41.54×10~4 t over the same period. SOCS levels fell most markedly in yellow-brown soil at a rate of51.52%, while an increase of 8.70% was found in the analysed latosol. Geostatistical analysis also showed that the recorded changes in SOCD between 1985 and2006 were spatially structured. The decreasing trend might be attributed to the combined action of intense cultivation, major crop residue removal without any protective tillage measures, unreasonable fertilization and natural climatic diversity inducing a large decrease in SOC in the studied cultivated dry land region of Mojiang County. Therefore, management measures such as protective tillage should be undertaken in order to enhance soil C sequestration.

关键词： Soil organic carbon Spatiotemporal changes Dry land Cultivated soil layer Yunnan Plateau

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不同施肥方式对青贮玉米生长及品质的影响

中国土壤与肥料 2024年第8期 188-197页

作者：李智贤陈佳钰鲁泽让黎晓璐李永梅范茂攀赵吉霞云南农业大学资源与环境学院云南昆明650201

探究不同施肥方式对云南省红壤耕地土壤理化性质、青贮玉米生长以及肥料利用效率的影响,以探明最佳施肥方式,为青贮玉米科学施肥提供依据。在云南昭通开展青贮玉米田间试验,分别设置不施肥(CK)、施用复合肥(T1,传统施肥方式)、施用配方... 详细信息

探究不同施肥方式对云南省红壤耕地土壤理化性质、青贮玉米生长以及肥料利用效率的影响,以探明最佳施肥方式,为青贮玉米科学施肥提供依据。在云南昭通开展青贮玉米田间试验,分别设置不施肥(CK)、施用复合肥(T1,传统施肥方式)、施用配方肥(T2)、施用控释肥(T3)4个施肥处理,研究不同施肥处理下土壤养分变化及植株养分利用对青贮玉米的农艺性状、作物产量和营养品质的影响,为探讨优质高产的青贮玉米种植施肥方式提供依据。结果显示:(1)等纯养分量条件下,配方肥和控释肥施用对土壤性质的改良有一定作用,T2处理的土壤碱解氮、速效钾和有机质含量较T1处理分别显著提升15.83%、10.47%和1.95%,T3较T1处理显著提高了9.51%和1.38%的土壤有效磷含量和pH;(2)T3处理干物质量和鲜物质量最高,分别为38.06和126.53 t/hm2,较T1处理分别显著提高了7.30%和16.49%,较T2处理分别提高了1.09%和3.71%;(3)T3处理较T1处理的青贮玉米成熟期地上部植株氮、磷和钾吸收量的积累分别显著提高了27.67%、8.29%和13.82%;T3处理较其余处理均显著提高了肥料偏生产力和肥料农学效率,较常规施肥处理T1处理分别提高了27.65%和138.43%,且T3处理的肥料贡献率最高,较T1处理显著提高了23.23%;地力贡献率表现为T1>T2>T3;(4)T2处理的粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量最高,较T1处理分别显著提高了16.56%和4.28%,粗灰分和中、酸性洗涤纤维的含量最低,与T1处理相比分别显著降低了14.68%、12.08%和1.34%,所以T2处理的相对饲喂价值和粗饲料分级指数达到最大,分别为388.21和290.47 MJ/d,施用控释肥次之。冗余分析得出土壤碱解氮是影响青贮玉米饲用品质的主导因子。综上所述,与常规施肥相比,配方肥的施用通过显著提高土壤固肥能力,促进肥料利用效率,从而提高青贮玉米的营养品质;控释肥的施用使得青贮玉米全生育期的氮素供给得到满足,避免氮素的大量流失,达到青贮玉米高产及肥料高效利用。

关键词：青贮玉米土壤速效养分产量营养品质肥料利用效率

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MicroRNA let-7 targets BmCDK1 to regulate cell proliferation and endomitosis of silk gland in the silkworm,Bombyx mori

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1026-1040页

作者： Wei Wang Linshengzhe ji Xinyuan jing Ping zhao Qingyou xia Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China(Chongqing)Science City Biological Science Research CenterSouthwest UniversityChina Key Laboratory for Germplasm Creation in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChongqingChina Engineering Laboratory of Sericultural and Functional Genome and Biotechnology Development and Reform CommissionChongqingChina

MicroRNAs play critical roles in multiple developmental processes in *** previous study showed that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock down of the microRNA let-7 in silkworms increased the size of larvae and silk glands,thereby improving the silk production *** this study,we elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying of let-7 regulates *** of differentially expressed genes in response to let-7 knock down revealed enrichment of pathways associated with cell proliferation and DNA ***-7 dysregulation affected the cell cycle and proliferation of the Bombyx mori cell line ***-luciferase and target site mutation assays showed that BmCDK1 is a direct target gene of let-7,with only 1 binding site on its 3′-untranslated *** interference of BmCDK1 inhibited cell proliferation,but this effect was counteracted by co-transfection with let-7 ***,let-7 knock down induced BmCDK1 expression and promoted cell proliferation in multiple tissues,and further induced endomitosis in the silk gland in *** down of BmCDK1 resulted in abnormal formation of a new epidermis,and larval development was arrested at the 2nd or 3rd molt *** together,our results demonstrated that BmCDK1 is a novel target of let-7 in cell fate determination,possessing potential for improving silk yield in silkworm.

关键词： BmCDKI CRISPR/Cas9 cell proliferation let-7 silkworm

Nickel/Photoredox Dual Catalytic Chan-Lam Coupling of Aryl Azides and Arylboric Acids

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第18期42卷 2228-2234页

作者： xia Ge Haojie ji Hongjian Lu Schoolof Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210093China

Unsymmetrical diarylamines are crucial components in many pharmaceuticals and functional *** this study,we introduce an efficient Chan-Lam cross-coupling method that utilizes phenylboronic acids and aryl azides as coupling agents in a redox-neutral environment,enabled by a synergistic nickel/photoredox catalytic *** approach leverages a proton-coupled electron transfer mechanism to bypass the typical nitrene pathway associated with aryl azides,which is prone to intramolecular rearrangement,C-H amination,and reductive ***,our method exhibits broad compatibility with a variety of functional groups,including those derived from pharmaceuticals,demonstrating its versatile potential in organic synthesis and drug modification.

关键词： Azides Chan-Lam reaction Nickel Iridium Redox-neutral Photochemistry

Mechanism of Qili Qiangxin Capsule for Heart Failure Based on miR133a-Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第5期30卷 398-407页

作者： ji xiao-di YANG Ding CUI Xi-yuan LOU Li-xia NIE Bo zhao jiu-li zhao Ming-jing WU Ai-ming Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and BeijingBeijing 100700China Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Fuwai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037China

Objective:To investigate the pharmacological mechanism of Qili Qiangxin Capsule(QLQX)improvement of heart failure(HF)based on miR133a-endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)***:A left coronary artery ligation-induced HF after myocardial infarction model was used in this *** were randomly assigned to the sham group,the model group,the QLQX group[0.32 g/(kg·d)],and the captopril group[2.25 mg/(kg·d)],15 rats per group,followed by 4 weeks of *** function such as left ventricular ejection fraction(EF),fractional shortening(FS),left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP),left ventricular end diastolic pressure(LVEDP),the maximal rate of increase of left ventricular pressure(+dp/dt max),and the maximal rate of decrease of left ventricular pressure(–dp/dt max)were monitored by echocardiography and *** and eosin(HE)and Masson stainings were used to visualize pathological changes in myocardial *** m RNA expression of mi R133a,glucose-regulated protein78(GRP78),inositol-requiring enzyme 1(IRE1),activating transcription factor 6(ATF6),X-box binding protein1(XBP1),C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP)and Caspase 12 were detected by *** protein expression of GRP78,p-IRE1/IRE1ratio,cleaved-ATF6,XBP1-s(the spliced form of XBP1),CHOP and Caspase 12 were detected by Western *** T-mediated d UTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)staining was used to detect the rate of ***:QLQX significantly improved cardiac function as evidenced by increased EF,FS,LVSP,+dp/dt max,-dp/dt max,and decreased LVEDP(P<0.05,P<0.01).HE staining showed that QLQX ameliorated cardiac pathologic damage to some *** staining indicated that QLQX significantly reduced collagen volume fraction in myocardial tissue(P<0.01).Results from RT-PCR and Western blot showed that QLQX significantly increased the expression of mi R133a and inhibited the m RNA expressions of GRP78,IRE1,ATF6 and XBP1,as well as decreased the protein expressions of GRP78,cleave

关键词： heart failure Qili Qiangxin Capsule miR133a endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptosis

Asperuloside Promotes Apoptosis of Cervical Cancer Cells through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mitochondrial Pathway

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期30卷 34-41页

作者： QI Zhi-min WANG xia LIU xia zhao Juan Medical Examination Center Hebei Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuang(050011)China Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Hebei Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuang(050011)China Experimental Center for Teaching Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang(050017)China

Objective: To investigate the effects of asperuloside on cervical cancer based on endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress and mitochondrial pathway. Methods: Different doses(12.5–800 μg/mL) of asperuloside were used to treat cervical cancer cell lines Hela and CaSki to calculate the half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC_(50)) of asperuloside. The cell proliferation was analyzed by clone formation assay. Cell apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential were determined by flow cytometry. The protein expressions of cleaved-caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax, Cyt-c, cleaved-caspase-4 and glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78) were analyzed by Western blot. And the inhibitor of ER stress, 4-phenyl butyric acid(4-PBA) was used to treat cervical cancer cells to further verify the role of ER stress in the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells induced by asperuloside. Results: Asperuloside of 325, 650, and 1300 μg/mL significantly inhibited the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of Hela and CaSki cells(P<0.01). All doses of asperuloside significantly increased intracellular ROS levels, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, significantly reduced Bcl-2 protein expression level, and increased Bax, Cyt-c, GRP78 and cleaved-caspase-4 expressions(P<0.01). In addition, 10 mmol/L 4-PBA treatment significantly promoted cell proliferation and reduced apoptosis(P<0.05), and 650 μg/mL asperuloside could reverse 4-PBA-induced increased cell proliferation, decreased apoptosis and cleaved-caspase-3,-4 and GRP78 protein expressions(P<0.05). Conclusion: Our study revealed the role of asperuloside in cervical cancer, suggesting that asperuloside promotes apoptosis of cervical cancer cells through ER stress-mitochondrial pathway.

关键词： asperuloside Chinese medicine cervical cancer endoplasmic reticulum stress mitochondrial damage apoptosis