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Involvement of Jasmonate- signaling pathway in the herbivore-induced rice plant defense

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第18期48卷 1982-1987页

作者： XU Tao ZHOU Qiang CHEN Wei zhang guren HE Guofeng GU Dexiang zhang Wenqing State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol&Institute of Entomology Sun Yat-set(Zhongshan)UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

The expression patterns of eight defense- related genes in the herbivore-infested and jasmonate- treated (jasmonic acid, JA and its derivative MeJA) rice leaves were analyzed using RT-PCR. The results showed that Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) herbi-vory induced the expression of lipoxygenase (LOX) and al-lene oxide synthase (AOS) genes that are involved in the jasmonate-signaling pathway. Moreover, S. litura damage resulted in the expression of farnesyl pyrophosphate syn-thase (FPS), Bowman-birk proteinase inhibitor (BBPI), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and other rice defense- related genes that were also induced by aqueous JA treat-ment or gaseous MeJA treatment. These indicated that in rice leaves, the JA-related signaling pathway was involved in the S. litura-induced chemical defense. Mechanical damage and brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (St錶) (Homoptera: Delphacidae) damage induced the expression of LOX gene, but both treatments did not induce the expression of AOS gene. However, BPH damage induced the expression of acidic pathogen-related protein 1 (PR-1a), Chitinase (PR-3), and PAL genes, which is involved in the salicylate- signaling pathway. It was suggested that salicylate-related signaling pathway or other pathways, rather than jas-monate-signaling pathway was involved in the BPH-induced rice plant defense.

关键词： rice brown planthopper Spodoptera litura jasmonate signaling pathway gene expression.

Effects of dietary nickel on apoptosis of hemocytes of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) larvae

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第4期55卷 390-397页

作者： SUN HongXia Xia Qiang TANG WenCheng ZHOU Qiang zhang guren DANG Zhi The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters Ministry of Education & School of Environmental Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China State Key Laboratory for Biological Control & Institute of Entomology Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China Zhuhai Campus Zunyi Medical College Zhuhai 519041 China

Effects of dietary nickel on apoptosis of hemocytes of the 6th instar larvae of Spodoptera litura Fabricius were evaluated using flow cytometry and Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (LSCM) by feeding S. litura larvae with artificial diets amended with different concentrations of nickel (1, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) for 3 generations. Results showed that the hemocyte apoptosis rate of the 1st generation larvae increased with the increasing nickel concentrations in diet, and the apoptosis rate in the treatment with 40 mg/kg nickel was significantly higher than that in other treatments. In the 2nd generation, the highest hemocytes apoptosis rate was recorded in the treatment of the larvae exposed to 5 mg/kg nickel. The apoptosis rates in the larvae stressed by higher concentrations of nickel were lower than that in control. The apoptosis rates in the larvae exposed to nickel for 3 generations showed similar concentration-responses with that in the 2nd generation. However, the apoptosis rates in the larvae stressed with higher levels of nickel were all significantly inhibited in comparison with that in control. Therefore, effects of nickel stress on apoptosis of S. litura larvae were related with the nickel concentration in diets and the larval generations that were stressed by nickel.

关键词：斜纹夜蛾幼虫细胞凋亡镍含量饮食激光扫描共聚焦显微镜作者流式细胞仪口服补液盐

Stable carbon isotope evidence for tracing the diet of the host Hepialus larva of Cordyceps sinensis in the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第5期52卷 655-659页

作者： CHEN Di YUAN JianPing XU ShiPing ZHOU XiaoGang zhang Yan XU XiaoMing ZOU ZhiWen zhang guren WANG JiangHai State Key Laboratory of Bio-control College of Life SciencesSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China School of Marine Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China R&D Center Guangzhou Enenta Electrical Equipment Co.LtdGuangzhou 510635China

Two types of Hepialus larvae with different diets were distinguished in the Sejila Mountain,Tibetan Plateau based on the stable carbon isotope data of the host Hepialus larva of Cordyceps sinensis and its closely adjacent tender plant roots and humus fractions.Type I is the larva chiefly fed by soil humus,and characterized by the δ 13C values of -22.6‰ to-23.4‰,and more than -23.4‰ in its heads.Type II is the larva chiefly fed by tender plant roots,and characterized by the δ 13C values of-24.6‰ to -27.6‰,and less than -24.6‰ in its heads.Our result has exceeded the traditional understanding that their food sources only come from the tender plant roots,and may provide evidence for choosing cheap and high-quality foods and further establishing artificial habitats in their large-scale reproduction.

关键词： stable carbon isotopes host Hepialus larva of Cordyceps sinensis humus substances Tibetan Plateau

Ecdysteroids in the pupae of Opogona sacchari (Bojer), a new invasive alien pest

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第11期51卷 1324-1327页

作者： WANG Fanghai zhang guren WEN Ruizhen HE Guofeng State Key Laboratory for Biological Control & Institute of Entomology Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

In order to understand the composition and quantitative variation of ecdysteriods in the pu- pae of Opogona sacchari (Bojer), a new invasive alien pest, we analyzed the pupal ecdysteroid com- position and titers in this pest. The main component of ecdysteriods in the pupae of O. sacchari is 20-hydroxyecdysone. The titre of ecdysteriods in both male pupae and female pupae get higher gradually, and then decreased slowly after reaching a peak (80 ng/pupa). The titre of ecdysteriods was about 30 ng/pupa in the later stage of pupae. The peak of male pupae appeared on the third day, but the peak of female pupae lasted from the second day to the fourth day during pupal developments. The ecdysteroid content was higher in female pupae than in male pupae during specific pupal time (the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 6th day). We also found that the titre of ec- dysteroids in posterior part of pupae was higher than in anterior part of pupae obviously.

关键词：蜕皮甾体蛹入侵有害物 Opogona sacchari

Ecdysteroids in the larvae of Opogona sacchari(Bojer),a invasive alien pest

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第2期52卷 205-208页

作者： WANG FangHai zhang guren WEN RuiZhen HE GuoFeng State Key Laboratory for Biological Control & Institute of Entomology Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

In order to understand the composition and quantitative variation of ecdysteriods in the larvae of Opogona sacchari (Bojer), a invasive alien pest, we analyzed the larval ecdysteroid composition and titers in this pest. The main component of ecdysteriods in the larvae of O. sacchari is 20-hydroxyecdysone, and also there is a little 26-hydroxyecdysone. The titer of ecdysteriods in the larvae from the 1st instar to the 7th instar was gotten higher gradually compared on ng ecdyster-oid/larva, but no regularity could be found about the titer if compared on ng ecdysteroid/g avoirdupois. There was only one peak of ecdysteroids (0.5475 ng/larva) showed at day 2 during the developmental time of the 6th instar larvae. However, there were two peaks appearing during the developmental time of the 7th instar larvae , one peak (0.29415 ng/larva) at day 3, another (0.214 ng/larva) at day 5.

关键词：外来生物幼虫害虫植物

Effects of dietary nickel on detoxification enzyme activities in the midgut of Spodoptera litura Fabricius larvae

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第21期53卷 3324-3330页

作者： SUN HongXia ZHOU Qiang TANG WenCheng SHU YingHua zhang guren State key laboratory for Biological Control & Institute of Entomology Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

Nickel accumulated in midugt of Spodoptera litura Fabricius could induce the expression of metal-lothionein,one of the most important detoxification proteins in organisms.In the present study,the effects of dietary nickel on the activities of detoxification enzymes,such as carboxylesterase(CarE) and glutathione S-transferase(GST) in the midgut of S.litura larvae have been studied to get an un-derstanding of the detoxification mechanisms of S.litura larvae to excessive nickel.Results showed that CarE activities in the midgut of the 5th instar larvae decreased at lower levels of nickel(≤5 mg/kg),while increased with increasing nickel doses at higher levels of nickel(≥10 mg/kg) exposure in suc-cessive 3 generations.CarE activities of the 6th instar larvae were also characterized as inhibited at low levels of nickel exposure,and improved at higher levels in the 1st generation.CarE activities of 6th instar larvae in the 2nd and 3rd generations were all lower than that in control.However,GST activities in the midgut of the 5th and 6th instar larvae all increased with increasing nickel doses(1―20 mg/kg) in diets.

关键词：镍元素中肠羧酸酯酶转移酶

Nickel accumulation and its effects on the survival rate of Spodoptera litura Fabricius under continuous nickel stress

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第14期52卷 1957-1963页

作者： SUN HongXia SHU YingHua TANG WenCheng WANG Qi ZHOU Qiang zhang guren State Key Laboratory for Biological Control & Institute of Entomology Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

The artificial diets mixed with various concentrations of nickel were offered to the larvae of the phytophagous insect Spodoptera litura Fabricius for 3 generations. Nickel accumulations in the 6th instar larvae, pupae and newly emerged adults of the corresponding generations of S. litura were investigated by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES), and the effects of nickel accumulations on the survival rate of S. litura were also evaluated by individual rearing. The results showed that nickel accumulated in the 6th instar larvae, pupae and adults of S. litura, and the accu- mulated nickel in all the tested developmental stages within a generation increased with the increase of the nickel doses in the treated diets and showed significant dose-dependent relationship with the nickel doses in the artificial diets. The results also indicated that the nickel accumulations in the 6th instar larvae, pupae, and newly emerged adults from the 3rd generation were higher than those from the 2nd generation, which were also higher than those from the 1st generation. Nickel concentrations in pupae and adults were significantly lower than those in larvae, which indicated that the excessive nickel might be excreted during metamorphosis. Furthermore, larval survival rate, pupation rate and eclosion rate of S. litura in the tested three generations all decreased with the increase of the nickel doses in the treated diets.

关键词：镍蓄积重金属昆虫食草动物

Apoptosis of Spodoptera litura larval hemocytes induced byheavy metal zinc

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第24期50卷 2856-2860页

作者： XIA Qiang SUN Hongxia HU Xinjun SHU Yinghua GU Dexiang zhang guren State Key Laboratory for Biological Control & Institute of Entomology Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

By adding different amount of zinc into the artificial medium of the insect larvae, the zinc-induced apoptosis of the larvae haemocytes of the herbivorous insect Spodoptera litura Fabricius was investigated with flow cy- tometer. The results showed that the increase of zinc dose in the artificial feed led to the accumulations of zinc in the lar- val hemolymph and fat body, and more zinc was accumu- lated in fat body than in hemolymph. The apoptosis of hemocytes was significantly induced at high zinc concentra- tion (1000 mg·kg?1) in the insect diet, and the apoptosis rate was 63.63%, which was remarkably higher than that at con- trol and lower concentrations (50―500 mg·kg?1). This sug- gests that the high dose of zinc in the artificial diet of S. litura larvae could induce the apoptosis of the larval hemocytes of S. litura.

关键词：重金属污染锌草地夜蛾幼虫血细胞细胞凋亡

Ecdysteroids in the adults and eggs of Opogona sacchari (Bojer),an invasive alien pest

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2008年第2期51卷 140-144页

作者： WANG FangHai, zhang guren, WEN RuiZhen & HE GuoFeng State Key Laboratory for Biological Control and Institute of Entomology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China State Key Laboratory for Biological Control and Institute of Entomology Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China

In order to understand the composition and quantitative variation of ecdysteriods in the adults and eggs of Opogona sacchari (Bojer), an invasive alien pest, we analyzed the ecdysteroid composition and titers in the adult and egg of this pest. On day 4 after eclosion, the titer of ecdysteriods in the male adult was 0.080 ng/adult, much lower than 5.978 ng/adult in the female adult. During the development of ovaries, the titer of ecdysteriods was low on the first two days, and high in the late period, with the peak (10.48 ng/ovary) appearing on day 3. During the development of eggs, the titer of ecdysteriods was about 0.010 ng/egg from day 1 to day 3, and then decreased to 0.006 ng/egg on day 4. In both adults and eggs, three main components of ecdysteriods were found by identification of HPLC/RIA. They were 20-hydroxyecdysone, 26-hydroxyecdysone, and an unidentified component.

关键词： Opogona sacchari ecdysteroids adults eggs