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Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollutants Removal from Rice Field Drainage with Ecological Agriculture Ditch: A Field Case

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第12期91卷 2827-2841页

作者： Lina Chen Wenshuo zhang Junyi Tan Xiaohou Shao Yaliu Qiu fangxiu zhang Xiang zhang College of Agricultural Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China Key Laboratory of Lower Yellow River Channel and Estuary Regulation Ministry of Water ResourcesZhengzhou450003China Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education College of EnvironmentHohai UniversityNanjing210098China College of Environment Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China Jiangsu Engineering Consulting Center Nanjing210000China Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research Zhengzhou450003China Gaochun Water Resources Management Center Nanjing211300China

Excessive nitrogen and phosphorus in agricultural drainage can cause a series of water environmental problems such as eutrophication of water bodies and non-point source *** monitoring the water purification effect of a paddy ditch wetland in Gaochun,Nanjing,Jiangsu Province,we investigated the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of N and P pollutants in paddy drains during the whole reproductive period of ***,the dynamic changes of nitrogen and phosphorus in time and space during the two processes of rainfall after basal fertilization and topdressing were analyzed after *** last,the effect of the ditch wetland on nutrient purification and treatment mechanism,along with changing flow and concentration in paddy drains,was *** results of this study showed that the concentrations of various nitrogen and phosphorus in the ditch basically reached the peak on the second and third days after the rainfall(5.98 mg/L for TN and 0.21 mg/L for TP),which provided a response time for effective control of nitrogen and phosphorus *** drainage can be purified by the ecological ditch,about 89.61%,89.03%,89.61%,98.14%,and 79.05%of TN,NH4+-N,NO3−-N,NO2−-N,and TP *** is more effective than natural ditches for water purification with 80.59%,40%,12.07%,91.06%and 18.42%removal rates,*** results of the study can provide a theoretical basis for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution and improving the water environment of rivers and lakes scientifically.

关键词： Paddy field ecological ditches nitrogen phosphorus

Numerical simulations of flow and sediment transport within the Ning-Meng reach of the Yellow River,northern China

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Journal of Arid Land 2017年第4期9卷 591-608页

作者： DOU Shentang YU Xin DU Heqiang zhang fangxiu Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research Yellow River Conservancy CommissionZhengzhou 450003China Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Effective management of a river reach requires a sound understanding of flow and sediment transport generated by varying natural and artificial runoff conditions. Flow and sediment transport within the Ning-Meng reach of the Yellow River（NMRYR）, northern China are controlled by a complex set of factors/processes, mainly including four sets of factors：（1） aeolian sediments from deserts bordering the main stream;（2） inflow of water and sediment from numerous tributaries;（3） impoundment of water by reservoir/hydro-junction; and（4） complex diversion and return of irrigation water. In this study, the 1-D flow ＆ sediment transport model developed by the Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research was used to simulate the flow and sediment transport within the NMRYR from 2001 to 2012. All four sets of factors that primarily control the flow and sediment transport mentioned above were considered in this model. Compared to the measured data collected from the hydrological stations along the NMRYR, the simulated flow and sediment transport values were generally acceptable, with relative mean deviation between measured and simulated values of 〈15%. However, simulated sediment concentration and siltation values within two sub-reaches（i.e., Qingtongxia Reservoir to Bayan Gol Hydrological Station and Bayan Gol Hydrological Station to Toudaoguai Hydrological Station） for some periods exhibited relatively large errors（the relative mean deviations between measured and simulated values of 18% and 25%, respectively）. These errors are presumably related to the inability to accurately determine the quantity of aeolian sediment influx to the river reach and the inflow of water from the ten ephemeral tributaries. This study may provide some valuable insights into the numerical simulations of flow and sediment transport in large watersheds and also provide a useful model for the effective management of the NMRYR.

关键词： numerical simulation flow and sediment transport 1-D flow & sediment model Yellow River

Can the narrowing of the Lower Yellow River by regulation result in non-siltation and even channel scouring？

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2016年第9期26卷 1337-1348页

作者： SUN Zanying WANG Wanzhan LI Yong zhang Mingwu SHANG Hongxia zhang fangxiu Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research Zhengzhou 450003 China

This study considered whether the narrowing of the upper （broad and wandering） reaches of the Lower Yellow River could result in a reduction in sedimentation and even an increase in channel erosion in both the upper and the lower （narrow and meandering） reaches. Analysis of field data and numerical modeling results both justify the proposal to narrow the channel. A positive correlation was found between channel eroded-area and the channel width. Therefore narrowing under conditions of low flow will reduce the amount of erosion in the reach, which, in turn, will reduce the amount of sediment transported into the lower channel. This will reduce the amount of siltation in the lower reaches of the river. However, narrowing under conditions of high flow with a low concentration of sediment will reduce both the extent of flood attenuation along the narrowed channel and the amount of lateral channel bank collapse, which results in increased flows and less sedimentation in the lower channel, leading to increased erosion. When flows with a high concentration of sediment are released from the Xiaolangdi Reservoir, both the lower narrow channel and the upper channel can transport a large amount of the sediment load. It is concluded that the narrowing of the upper broad channel will result in a reduction in sedimentation, or even in channel erosion, in both the upper and the lower channels if the reservoir is operated such that the volume of sediment added during low flows is balanced by the volume eroded during high flows with a low concentration of sediment.

关键词： channel narrowing sediment release sediment transport capacity Lower Yellow River, XiaolangdiReservoir

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贺江河道生态流量研究

人民珠江 2023年第11期44卷 70-77页

作者：张盼孔兰张防修王明黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院河南郑州450003 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司广东广州510610

以贺江干流信都和古榄两控制性水文站长系列水文数据为基础,采用水文学方法,开展贺江河道生态流量研究。经过对不同计算方法的结果做分析比较,选择90%保证率最枯月平均值法、年内展布计算法的计算结果分别作为河道基本生态流量的生态基... 详细信息

以贺江干流信都和古榄两控制性水文站长系列水文数据为基础,采用水文学方法,开展贺江河道生态流量研究。经过对不同计算方法的结果做分析比较,选择90%保证率最枯月平均值法、年内展布计算法的计算结果分别作为河道基本生态流量的生态基流和全年流量,信都站和古榄站的生态基流为26.5、34.6 m 3/s,全年流量为58.8、87.0 m 3/s;采纳频率曲线法的计算结果作为河道目标生态流量,信都站和古榄站的全年流量为83.9、121.0 m 3/s。研究成果旨在为今后贺江流域管理与保护提供理论支撑,同时为完善区域水资源合理配置提供参考依据。

关键词：生态流量水文学方法贺江

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减缓宁蒙河道泥沙淤积方案及效果研究

人民黄河 2022年第4期44卷 20-24,30页

作者：张晓华郑艳爽张防修窦身堂丰青黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院河南郑州450003 黄河水利委员会黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展研究中心河南郑州450003

通过对实测资料的分析,阐明宁蒙河道不同粒径泥沙来源及冲淤规律:细泥沙是宁蒙河道来沙的主体,主要来源于下河沿以上和宁夏支流,且细、中泥沙冲淤效率与水沙条件有较好的响应关系,随流量的增大河道淤积效率显著降低;而较粗泥沙和特粗泥... 详细信息

通过对实测资料的分析,阐明宁蒙河道不同粒径泥沙来源及冲淤规律:细泥沙是宁蒙河道来沙的主体,主要来源于下河沿以上和宁夏支流,且细、中泥沙冲淤效率与水沙条件有较好的响应关系,随流量的增大河道淤积效率显著降低;而较粗泥沙和特粗泥沙在来沙量中比例较低,特粗泥沙主要来源于入黄风沙,多发生淤积且流量增大也难以提高输送能力。由此提出宁蒙河道减缓淤积的“拦粗排细”综合治理方案,水库调控恢复洪水过程输送细、中泥沙,水土保持和风沙治理拦减较粗泥沙和特粗泥沙。制定了多种减淤方案,并利用水动力模型进行了方案计算,表明各种单项措施减淤效果都有限,河道仍持续淤积,只有采用“拦粗排细”综合治理方案可使河道微冲,且包含水库调控恢复洪水过程的方案对内蒙古河段的减淤效果较好。

关键词：分组沙河道输沙泥沙来源减淤方案宁蒙河道

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黄河流凌过程三维动态可视化系统设计与实现

人民黄河 2022年第6期44卷 158-162页

作者：王治中张防修杨瑶王宗敏郑州大学水利科学与工程学院河南郑州450001 黄河水利科学研究院河南郑州450003

为实现流凌过程的三维可视化展示,提出一种基于冰水动力学原理的黄河流凌过程三维动态可视化系统的实现方法,通过二维冰水动力学模型模拟流凌演进过程,采用3DMAX多边形建模技术创建冰凌实体三维模型,结合Unity3D技术和C#语言实现二维模... 详细信息

为实现流凌过程的三维可视化展示,提出一种基于冰水动力学原理的黄河流凌过程三维动态可视化系统的实现方法,通过二维冰水动力学模型模拟流凌演进过程,采用3DMAX多边形建模技术创建冰凌实体三维模型,结合Unity3D技术和C#语言实现二维模型计算成果的三维动态表达。通过界面设计与系统功能开发使该系统具有场景漫游、显隐控制、信息查询、二三维一体化展示等功能,展示效果真实感强、交互性好,实现了对黄河内蒙古河段头道拐弯道流凌过程的三维可视化展示。

关键词：流凌冰水动力学 Unity3D 动态可视化黄河

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主槽一维和滩地二维侧向耦合洪水演进模型

水科学进展 2014年第4期25卷 560-566页

作者：张防修韩龙喜王明黄瑞河海大学环境科学与工程学院江苏南京210098 黄河水利科学研究院河南郑州450003

为实现对复式河道大尺度漫滩洪水的快速模拟,结合洪水在滩槽行洪特点和河道一维、二维水动力学模型研究成果,在主槽与滩地分别划分为矩形和三角形网格,以左右滩唇为分界实现两网格系统嵌套;建立主槽一维水动力学数学模型,内插大断面间... 详细信息

为实现对复式河道大尺度漫滩洪水的快速模拟,结合洪水在滩槽行洪特点和河道一维、二维水动力学模型研究成果,在主槽与滩地分别划分为矩形和三角形网格,以左右滩唇为分界实现两网格系统嵌套;建立主槽一维水动力学数学模型,内插大断面间网格处的水力因子,在滩地采用简化的二维水动力学模型模拟滩槽间、滩地网格间水量交换,实现主槽一维与滩地二维模型侧向耦合。利用黄河下游"96·8"大洪水实测资料,对花园口至夹河滩河段洪水演进过程验证,结果表明该方法模拟精度较高,能够利用该模型模拟复式河道大漫滩洪水过程。

关键词：复式河道漫滩洪水数学模型侧向耦合

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凌汛期槽蓄水增量过程模拟

水科学进展 2015年第2期26卷 201-211页

作者：张防修席广永张晓丽王国庆黄瑞河海大学环境科学与工程学院江苏南京210098 黄河水利科学研究院河南郑州450003 郑州轻工业学院计算机与通讯工程学院河南郑州450001 南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室江苏南京210029

为研究凌汛期槽蓄水增量来源,在分析实测冰情资料基础上,把槽蓄水增量分为水位壅高主河道蓄水量增大、主河道内河水转化为固体冰盖和上滩水形成冰盖及在冰下聚集等3部分,建立河冰动力学模型,模拟河冰生消及槽蓄水增量过程,利用2008/200... 详细信息

为研究凌汛期槽蓄水增量来源,在分析实测冰情资料基础上,把槽蓄水增量分为水位壅高主河道蓄水量增大、主河道内河水转化为固体冰盖和上滩水形成冰盖及在冰下聚集等3部分,建立河冰动力学模型,模拟河冰生消及槽蓄水增量过程,利用2008/2009年度三湖河口—头道拐河段实测冰情资料对模型进行了验证,表明滩地冰盖及冰盖下滞洪是内蒙古河段槽蓄水增量的主要来源,占最大槽蓄水增量的63.44%,主河道水位壅高引起的槽蓄水增量占26.56%,主槽冰盖蓄水占10.0%。

关键词：槽蓄水增量热交换河冰生消数学模型

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黄河内蒙古段开河流量预测

南水北调与水利科技（中英文） 2021年第6期19卷 1167-1174页

作者：王魁王军张防修合肥工业大学土木与水利工程学院合肥230009 黄河水利科学研究院郑州450003

封冻河段开河时,冰、水情变化剧烈,预报难度大、精度低。马斯京根法及其衍生方法在推算明流条件下的流量演进方面取得了很大成功,但如何反映凌汛期流量演进特点还需进一步研究。以黄河内蒙古河段为例,类比有支流的河道洪水进行演算,并... 详细信息

封冻河段开河时,冰、水情变化剧烈,预报难度大、精度低。马斯京根法及其衍生方法在推算明流条件下的流量演进方面取得了很大成功,但如何反映凌汛期流量演进特点还需进一步研究。以黄河内蒙古河段为例,类比有支流的河道洪水进行演算,并考虑流量传播时间,将区间的槽蓄水增量加入计算,采用改进的马斯京根法,推求完全开河时的凌峰流量。采用均方根误差、平均绝对百分比误差作为预测结果的评价指标,与往年实测流量相比较,演算流量的平均绝对百分比误差在10.29%以内。结果表明,此方法应用于凌汛期开河流量演进具有较好的预测效果,通过冰凌洪水的特点判别洪水类型,揭示了凌汛期开河流量的突变主要是由冰坝洪水造成的。研究结果可为河流开河的流量预报和防凌减灾提供参考思路。

关键词：开河期马斯京根法冰凌洪水槽蓄水增量凌峰流量