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Reduced clinical severity during 2022 Shanghai Spring epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.2 variant infection——an integrated account of virus pathogenicity and vaccination effectiveness

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 24-27页

作者： Xingyue Wu Yao chen Kangli Cao Yao Shen Xueling Wu Yilin Yang Zhongshu Kuang Qingrun Li Zhenzhen Lu Yichen jia Mian Shao Guorong Gu Xiangwei Wang Ye Yao ying Wang Shaodie chen Zhigao Yu Wei Wei Longfei Ding Lulu Lan Tianwen Gu Xiangyu Long jian sun Lingyu Xing jiayuan Shen Yi Han Yue Luo Sucheng Mu Mengna Lin Xiaoyan zhang Rong Zeng jianqing Xu Guoping Zhao Lihong Huang Zhenju Song Department of Emergency Medicine Clinical Center for Bio-Therapy Department of Biostatistics and Department of UrologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Shanghai Pudong Hospital Fudan University Department of Pulmonology Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Key Laboratory of Systems Biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center Fudan University Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education and Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity School of Public Health Fudan University Shanghai Institute of Immunology Department of Immunology and Microbiology Shanghai Institute of Virology Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of EducationSchool of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Fudan Microbiome CenterSchool of Life Sciences Fudan University Bio-Med Big Data Center Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences

The emergence of SARS-Co V-2 variant of concern omicron BA.2 led to high infection incidence rates as well as reduced severity of COVID-19 during the Shanghai Spring epidemic of 2022 [1]. We assessed the role of viral pathogenicity and the effectiveness of inactivated vaccines in a retrospective observational study including 10 258 confirmed COVID-19cases identified between April and june of 2022, from four COVID-19 designated hospitals located in two areas of Shanghai, namely the West Bund and the East Bund, where the populations’ demographic characteristics varied significantly (Table S1, Fig. S1).

关键词： REPLICATION

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向日葵YABBY基因家族鉴定及表达分析

生物技术通报 2024年第8期40卷 199-211页

作者：王茜周家燕王倩邓玉萍张敏慧陈静杨军邹建西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室西华师范大学生命科学学院南充637002

【目的】鉴定向日葵中花发育相关的HaYABBY基因,有助于探究其在向日葵花发育过程中的生物学功能和调控机制,为向日葵品种选育提供重要的分子线索。【方法】基于向日葵基因组和转录组数据,使用生物信息学方法,分析向日葵YABBY基因家族成... 详细信息

【目的】鉴定向日葵中花发育相关的HaYABBY基因,有助于探究其在向日葵花发育过程中的生物学功能和调控机制,为向日葵品种选育提供重要的分子线索。【方法】基于向日葵基因组和转录组数据,使用生物信息学方法,分析向日葵YABBY基因家族成员的染色体定位、系统进化关系、基因结构、保守基序、蛋白结构及理化性质、启动子顺式作用元件和组织表达模式等,并通过RT-qPCR分析HaYABBY基因在WT向日葵和花分生组织决定和花器官分化缺陷突变体cb1中st2-st8时期的表达差异。【结果】在向日葵基因组中鉴定到12个YABBY基因家族成员,分属于4个亚家族,分布在8条染色体上,并且同一亚家族中成员在基因结构和保守基序组成上高度相似。其中8个基因HaYABBY1a、HaYABBY1c、HaYABBY3、HaYABBY4b、HaYABBY5a、HaYABBY5b、HaCRABS CLAWa、HaCRABS CLAWb在向日葵花发育时期特异性高表达。在这8个基因中,HaYABBY3、HaYABBY5a和HaYABBY5d在突变体cb1花发育后期表达上调,且与WT花发育早期水平相当;而HaYABBY4b和HaCRABS CLAWa在cb1中的表达被强烈抑制。顺式作用元件分析显示,HaYABBY均含有多个启动子顺式作用元件,部分元件仅存在于特定基因中。其中,胚乳表达元件存在于HaCRABS CLAWa和HaYABBY4a中;生长素响应元件存在于HaCRABS CLAWa、HaCRABS CLAWb、HaYABBY4a、HaYABBY4b和HaYABBY5c中;分生组织表达元件存在于HaYABBY1a、HaYABBY1c、HaYABBY4b、HaYABBY5a和HaYABBY5d中;赤霉素响应元件存在于HaCRABS CLAWa、HaYABBY5b、HaYABBY5c和HaYABBY5d中;种子特异性调控元件存在于HaYABBY5a、HaYABBY5c和HaYABBY5d中。【结论】HaYABBY3、HaYABBY4b、HaYABBY5a、HaYABBY5d和HaCRABS CLAWa等5个HaYABBY基因在花分生组织的转变和花器官发生过程中可能发挥重要作用,它们在花分生组织转变和花器官发生调控中可能受到生长素响应因子ARF、赤霉素响应因子MYB以及MADS-box等关键因子调节。

关键词：向日葵 YABBY基因家族花发育花分生组织转变花器官发生基因表达

The differential effects of integrase strand transfer inhibitors and efavirenz on neuropsychiatric conditions and brain imaging in HIV-positive men who have sex with men

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第4期6卷 216-224页

作者： Yihui He Yang zhang jiaxin Zhen Guangqiang sun Zhen Li Bo Yang Bin Yang Keyi Chang Xue chen Yulin zhang caiping Guo Wen Wang ping Wu Tong zhang Lei Wang Postgraduate Union Training Base of Jinzhou Medical University PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical CenterBeijing 100088China Department of Neurology PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical CenterBeijing 100088China Center for Infectious Disease Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research Beijing 100069China Beijing Institute for Sexually Transmitted Disease Control Beijing 100069China Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental DisordersBeijing Anding HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100088China Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China The Second Hospital of Beijing Beijing 100031China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Discipline for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education Department of NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors(INSTIs)have emerged as the first‐line choice for treating human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection due to their superior efficacy and ***,the impact of INSTIs on the development of neuropsychiatric conditions in people living with HIV(PLWH)is not fully understood due to limited *** this study,we conducted a cross‐sectional examination of PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy,with a specific focus on HIV‐positive men who have sex with men(MSM)on INSTI‐based regimens(n=61)and efavirenz(EFV)‐based regimens(n=28).Participants underwent comprehensive neuropsychiatric evaluations and multimodal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)scans,including T1‐weighted images and resting‐state functional *** to the EFV group,the INSTI group exhibited primarily reduced gray matter volume(GMV)in the right superior parietal gyrus,higher regional homogeneity(ReHo)in the left postcentral gyrus,lower ReHo in the right orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus,and increased voxel‐wise functional connectivity for the seed region in the left inferior temporal gyrus with clusters in the right ***,the analysis revealed a main effect of antiretroviral drugs on GMV changes,but no main effect of neuropsychiatric disorders or their *** repeated analysis of participants who did not switch regimens confirmed the GMV changes in the INSTI group,validating the initial *** study demonstrated gray matter atrophy and functional brain changes in PLWH on INSTI‐based regimens compared to those on EFV‐based *** neuroimaging results provide valuable insights into the characteristics of brain network modifications in PLWH receiving INSTI‐based regimens。

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) Integrase strand transfer inhibitors(INSTIs) Efavirenz(EFV)

加载与干湿循环作用下土石混合料蠕变特性试验

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岩土力学 2024年第1期45卷 226-234页

作者：孙晨峰王步雪岩钱建固王家超张甲峰同济大学地下建筑与工程系上海200092 同济大学岩土及地下工程教育部重点实验室上海200092 上海民航新时代机场设计研究院有限公司上海200335

土石混合料在干湿循环作用下具有显著的蠕变性,其对高填方工程蠕变变形的影响不可忽略。为了研究了不同干密度及荷载水平对土石混合料湿化蠕变变形的影响,开展了9组土石混合料干湿循环作用下的压缩蠕变试验。结果表明,土石混合料的湿化... 详细信息

土石混合料在干湿循环作用下具有显著的蠕变性,其对高填方工程蠕变变形的影响不可忽略。为了研究了不同干密度及荷载水平对土石混合料湿化蠕变变形的影响,开展了9组土石混合料干湿循环作用下的压缩蠕变试验。结果表明,土石混合料的湿化蠕变变形随荷载水平的提高而增大,随干密度的提高而显著减小,但随着干密度进一步提高,湿化蠕变变形的减小幅度则明显弱化。土石混合料在干湿循环作用下的湿化蠕变变形与干湿循环次数对数之间较好地满足线性发展规律,初次湿化应变及湿化蠕变速率均同荷载水平及干密度之间符合幂函数特征,在此基础上提出了考虑不同干密度及荷载水平的土石混合料干湿循环蠕变经验模型。

关键词：填筑土土石混合料干湿循环蠕变干密度

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宏观审慎政策与国债收益率曲线全球联动

国际金融研究 2024年第1期 39-50页

作者：陈雷张哲陈平广东金融学院金融与投资学院肇庆学院数学与统计学院中山大学岭南学院

完善货币政策体系与现代金融监管是建设现代中央银行制度的主要措施。2022年以来,中美利率出现分化,美国利率的上升是否会拉动中国国债收益率上升,从而影响我国货币政策体系的有效性?作为现代金融监管主要内容的宏观审慎政策是否能够削... 详细信息

完善货币政策体系与现代金融监管是建设现代中央银行制度的主要措施。2022年以来,中美利率出现分化,美国利率的上升是否会拉动中国国债收益率上升,从而影响我国货币政策体系的有效性?作为现代金融监管主要内容的宏观审慎政策是否能够削弱这一影响?首先,本文采用时变系数分层因子模型,构建17个发达国家和15个新兴市场国家的国债收益率曲线的全球联动程度指标,并将国债收益率曲线分解为预期短期利率和期限溢价,进而构建相应的全球联动程度指标。其次,本文通过构建理论模型,引入“流动性螺旋”,阐述宏观审慎政策对国债收益率曲线联动程度的影响机制。最后,本文实证检验上述影响机制。研究发现:各国国债收益率曲线均表现出一定程度的联动性,该联动性既来自预期短期利率的联动性,也来自期限溢价的联动性;随着一国宏观审慎政策收紧,该国的国债收益率曲线(预期短期利率和期限溢价)的联动程度显著降低。基于此,本文提出,在开放经济下,宏观审慎政策有助于增强本国货币政策的有效性,通过货币政策和宏观审慎政策的协调使用,有助于更好地建设现代中央银行制度。

关键词：宏观审慎政策全球金融周期国债收益率曲线货币政策

离散Boltzmann方程的求解:基于有限体积法

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物理学报 2024年第11期73卷 70-79页

作者：孙佳坤林传栋苏咸利谭志城陈亚楼明平剑中山大学中法核工程与技术学院珠海519082 清华大学能源与动力工程系热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室北京100084 新加坡国立大学机械工程系新加坡119260

近十年来,离散Boltzmann方法在复杂非平衡流体系统领域的应用取得了显著的进展,这种方法已逐步成为描述和预测流体系统行为的重要手段.该方法的控制方程是一套简单统一的离散Boltzmann方程,其离散格式的选取对于数值模拟的计算精度和稳... 详细信息

近十年来,离散Boltzmann方法在复杂非平衡流体系统领域的应用取得了显著的进展,这种方法已逐步成为描述和预测流体系统行为的重要手段.该方法的控制方程是一套简单统一的离散Boltzmann方程,其离散格式的选取对于数值模拟的计算精度和稳定性有着直接影响.为了提高数值模拟的可靠性,本文引入有限体积法用于求解离散Boltzmann方程.有限体积法是一种常用的数值计算方法,具有守恒性强、精度高等特点,可用于有效处理高速可压缩流体的数值计算问题.本文采用MUSCL格式进行重构,并引入了通量限制器以提高数值计算的稳定性.最后,对基于有限体积的离散Boltzmann方法进行了验证,数值算例包括冲击波、Lax激波管以及声波.结果表明,该方法能够准确刻画冲击波、稀疏波、声波,以及物质界面的演化,同时确保系统的质量、动量和能量守恒,还可以准确测量流体系统的流体力学和热力学非平衡效应.

关键词：离散Boltzmann方法有限体积法非平衡效应可压缩流

药用植物根系分泌物与根际微生物相互作用及其在中药材生态种植中的应用

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中国中药杂志 2024年第8期49卷 2128-2137页

作者：吕柏辰孙海钱佳奇梁浩朱家鹏张强胜邵财张亚玉中国农业科学院特产研究所吉林省中药材种植(养殖)重点实验室吉林长春130112 成都大学药学与生物工程学院四川成都610106

根际是药用植物-土壤间物质交换的重要场所。根系分泌物是植物与土壤之间物质与信号交流的“媒介”,是调控根际微生态的关键因素,根际微生物是药用植物根际微生态的重要组成部分,根系分泌物与根际微生物之间的相互作用对药用植物生长及... 详细信息

根际是药用植物-土壤间物质交换的重要场所。根系分泌物是植物与土壤之间物质与信号交流的“媒介”,是调控根际微生态的关键因素,根际微生物是药用植物根际微生态的重要组成部分,根系分泌物与根际微生物之间的相互作用对药用植物生长及品质形成具有重要影响。合理利用药用植物根际分泌物与根际微生物的相互作用关系,是保证药用植物健康生长,促进中药材生态种植产业发展的重要途径之一。该文总结了近年来药用植物根系分泌物与根际微生物研究现状,分析了药用植物根系分泌物与根际微生物之间的相互作用机制及根际微生物对药用植物生长的影响,阐释了间作套种生态种植模式对药用植物根际微生态及中药材品质提升的优势和促进作用,为药用植物-微生物-土壤相互作用研究奠定了良好基础,对药用植物生态种植和资源可持续利用具有重要的理论和现实意义。

关键词：药用植物根系分泌物根际微生物生态种植

放养密度对日本鳗鲡夏秋两季养殖水质及营养品质的影响

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水生生物学报 2024年第6期48卷 979-990页

作者：杨佳雯高敏陈森张浩田吴坤温小波胡雄孙育平宁丽军华南农业大学海洋学院广州510642 佛山市顺德区旺海饲料实业有限公司佛山528300 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所广州510640

研究以日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)为研究对象,分夏秋两季,调查并讨论了放养密度对养殖鱼水质和营养品质变化的影响。夏季低密度组放养密度分别为1.51(1号塘)、1.50(2号塘)和1.49 kg/m^(2)(3号塘),高密度组分别为2.17(4号塘)、2.14(5号... 详细信息

研究以日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)为研究对象,分夏秋两季,调查并讨论了放养密度对养殖鱼水质和营养品质变化的影响。夏季低密度组放养密度分别为1.51(1号塘)、1.50(2号塘)和1.49 kg/m^(2)(3号塘),高密度组分别为2.17(4号塘)、2.14(5号塘)和2.13 kg/m^(2)(6号塘)。秋季低密度组放养密度分别为1.74(Ⅰ号塘)、1.72(Ⅱ号塘)和1.75 kg/m^(2)(Ⅲ号塘),高密度组分别为2.36(Ⅳ号塘)、2.34(Ⅴ号塘)和2.36 kg/m^(2)(Ⅵ号塘)。两次分别从每个养殖塘采集5份水样,每个密度组养殖塘随机采集4尾日本鳗鲡。结果显示:两季高密度塘水体透明度和溶氧显著低于低密度塘(P<0.05),总氮、总磷、氨氮、亚硝酸盐、COD、叶绿素a指标显著高于低密度塘(P<0.05),硅藻门、绿藻门、蓝藻门密度均大于低密度塘一个数量级,且经统计分析,夏季高密度组的蓝藻门密度显著高于低密度组(P<0.05)。此外,高密度塘水体菌群Shannon指数显著低于低密度塘,Simpson指数则相反(P<0.05)。在门水平上,经统计分析,夏秋两季高密度组放线菌门均显著低于低密度组(P<0.05);而夏季高密度组变形菌门极显著高于低密度组(P<0.01);秋季拟杆菌门显著高于低密度组(P<0.05)。在营养品质方面,日本鳗鲡肌肉的硬度、剪切力、咀嚼性、回复性参数及粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量均显著小于低密度塘(P<0.05);水分含量显著高于低密度塘(P<0.05)。综上,高密度与低密度塘相比,水质指标、藻类组成、菌群多样性及鱼体质构、营养成分等指标中大部分参数呈现一致性负面影响,共同构成日本鳗鲡品质与养殖环境的敏感参数。此外,夏季日本鳗鲡放养密度为2.13—2.17 kg/m^(2)水质呈现富营养化及轻度污染状态。

关键词：放养密度营养品质质构水质变化日本鳗鲡

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Genome assembly of autotetraploid Actinidia arguta highlights adaptive evolution and enables dissection of important economic traits

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Plant Communications 2024年第6期5卷 173-192页

作者： Xue-Mei Lu Xiao-Fen Yu Guo-Qiang Li Ming-Hao Qu Huan Wang Chuang Liu Yu-ping Man Xiao-Han jiang Mu-Zi Li jian Wang Qi-Qi chen Rui Lei cheng-cheng Zhao Yun-Qiu Zhou Zheng-Wang jiang Zuo-Zhou Li Shang Zheng Chang Dong Bai-Lin Wang Yan-Xiang sun Hui-Qin zhang Jie-Wei Li Quan-Hui Mo ying zhang Xin Lou Hai-Xu Peng Ya-Ting Yi He-Xin Wang Xiu-jun zhang Yi-Bo Wang Dan Wang Li Li Qiong zhang Wen-Xia Wang Yongbo Liu Lei Gao Jin-Hu Wu Yan-Chang Wang CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubeiChina Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Wuhan Frasergen Bioinformatics Co. LtdWuhanHubeiChina Institute of Soil and Fertilizer Anhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefeiChina College of Agricultural Sciences Xichang UniversityXichangSichuanChina Department of Horticulture Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbinHeilongjiangChina College of Life Sciences Langfang Normal UniversityLangfangHebeiChina Institute of Horticulture Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina Guangxi Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesGuilinGuangxiChina Xi’an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province Institute of Botany of Shaanxi ProvinceXi’anShaanxiChina Institute of Modern Agricultural Research Dalian UniversityDalianLiaoningChina Bioinformatics Center College of Plant Science and TechnologyBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina College of Agriculture Eastern Liaoning UniversityDandongLiaoningChina Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoningChina State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubeiChina The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited AucklandNew Zealand

Actinidia arguta,the most widely distributed Actinidia species and the second cultivated species in the genus,can be distinguished from the currently cultivated Actinidia chinensis on the basis of its small and smooth fruit,rapid softening,and excellent cold *** evolution of tetraploid Actinidia species and the genetic basis of their important agronomic traits are still ***,we generated a chromosome-scale genome assembly of an autotetraploid male *** *** genome assembly was 2.77 Gb in length with a contig N50 of 9.97 Mb and was anchored onto 116 *** and clustering of 101 geographically representative accessions showed that they could be divided into two geographic groups,Southern and Northern,which first diverged 12.9 million years *** underwent two prominent expansions and one demographic bottleneck from the midPleistocene climate transition to the late *** genomics studies using paleoclimate data enabled us to discern the evolution of the species’adaptation to different historical *** genes(AaCEL1,AaPME1,and AaDOF1)related to flesh softening were identified by multi-omics analysis,and their ability to accelerate flesh softening was verified through transient expression assays.A set of genes that characteristically regulate sexual dimorphism located on the sex chromosome(Chr3)or autosomal chromosomes showed biased expression during stamen or carpel *** chromosome-level assembly of the autotetraploid *** genome and the genes related to important agronomic traits will facilitate future functional genomics research and improvement of ***.

关键词： kiwiberry dioecism adaptive evolution paleoclimate GEA rapid softening