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Impact of humic acids on the colonic microbiome in healthy volunteers

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第5期23卷 885-890页

作者： Alexander Swidsinski yvonne dorffel Vera Loening-Baucke Christoph Gille Anne Reiβhauer Onder Goktas Monika Krüger Jürgen Neuhaus Wieland Schrodl Laboratory for Molecular Genetics Polymicrobial Infections and BiofilmsDepartment of MedicineSection of GastroenterologyHepatology and EndocrinologyCharitéUniversitatsmedizin Berlin Outpatient Clinic Luisenstr.11-13CharitéUniversitatsmedizin Berlin entre for Infectious Diseases Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Leipzig

AIMTo test the effects of humic acids on innate microbial communities of the *** followed the effects of oral supplementation with humic acids (Activomin®) on concentrations and composition of colonic microbiome in 14 healthy volunteers for 45 d. 3 × 800 mg Activomin® were taken orally for 10 d followed by 3 × 400 mg for 35 d. Colonic microbiota were investigated using multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of Carnoy fixated and paraffin embedded stool cylinders. Two stool samples were collected a week prior to therapy and one stool sample on days 10, 31 and 45. Forty-one FISH probes representing different bacterial groups were *** sum concentration of colonic microbiota increased from 20% at day 10 to 30% by day 31 and remained stable until day 45 (32%) of humic acid supplementation (P 0.05). The others remained unaffected. Bacterial groups with initially marginal concentrations (9/mL) demonstrated no response to humic acids. The concentrations of pioneer groups of Bifidobacteriaceae, Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridium difficile increased but the observed differences were statistically not *** acids have a profound effect on healthy colonic microbiome and may be potentially interesting substances for the development of drugs that control the innate colonic microbiome.

关键词： Fluorescence in situ hybridization Colonic microbiota Colonic bioreactor Humic acids Healthy volunteers Oral supplementation

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Community Disaster Management Assets:A Case Study of the Farm Community in Sussex County,Delaware

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2013年第1期4卷 33-47页

作者： yvonne Rademacher Disaster Research Center University of Delaware DE 19701 U.S.A.

While government mandates and programs continue to expand to meet the increasing challenges of disaster management, there is growing recognition that government cannot do it all alone. This has led to a quest to better understand local capacities, through partnerships with the private sector and volunteer organizations but also in relation to individual citizens. The Federal Emergency Management Agency’s(FEMA) recent Whole Community initiative constitutes a policy shift towards more local engagement and responsibility. However, before devising strategies to better engage and support various actors, the nature of their disaster management resources needs to be more clearly understood. What disaster management resources do communities supply? This case study examined the assets of one community group, the farm community in Sussex County, Delaware. The conceptual framework was based on a community asset approach, which currently recognizes eight types of community capital and is comprised of active, inactive, positive, and negative resources. The study found a striking discrepancy between actually used and perceived community resources. Farm community resources were primarily used for implementation activities during disaster preparedness. The types of resources used fell into three broad categories: equipment/supplies;experience/lessons learned;and access to other community and professional networks. The findings highlighte d the use of four community capitals—human, social, physical, financial—and the existence of active, inactive, negative, and positive resources. Tools currently employed to register community resources, such as the National Incident Management System(NIMS) resource inventory management for rural communities, are designed for professional emergency services but do not recognize the full range of potentially relevant community assets.

关键词： disaster striking resources

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Outcontracting in Emergency Management: More Than a Business Conundrum

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2011年第4期2卷 15-21页

作者： yvonne Rademacher Disaster Research Center University of Delaware DE 19716 USA

Outcontracting is a growing practice by governments as well as by nongovernmental organizations engaged in emergency management. Understanding the role of the private sector in providing equipment and services is critical in ensuring that emergency management is carried out as effectively and efficiently as possible in the best interest of the affected population. This inquiry looks at the types of services that the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA) contracts out to both for-profit and not-for-profit organizations and examines the reviews that these services have received by government itself, interest groups, and disaster scientists. The article concludes with an overview of specific functional areas, where the services of either for-profits or not-for-profits are most appropriate in relation to their areas of expertise. The implication drawn from the analysis is that contractors’ motivations and expertise need to be clearly understood when awarding government contracts in order to respond effectively to disaster needs and meet taxpayers’ expectations.

关键词： services disaster contract

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Synchronous waving in fiddler crabs: a review

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Current Zoology 2019年第1期65卷 83-88页

作者： Patricia Ruth yvonne Backwell Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia

Many animals that use acoustic communication synchronize their mate attract!on signals: individuals precisely time their calls to overlap those of their neighbors. In contrast, synchrony in the mate attraction displays of species with visual/motion-based signals is rare. It has only been documented in five species of fiddler crabs. In all of them, small groups of males wave their single large claw in close synchrony. Here, I review what we know about synchrony in fiddler crabs, comparing the five species with each other to determine whether similar mechanisms and functions are comm on to all. I also propose future research questions that, if answered, would shed light on synchronous behavior in both visual and acoustic signallers.

关键词： fiddler crab synchrony waving mate choice wave timing visual signal

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Deposition processes and properties of coatings on steel fasteners——A review

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Friction 2019年第5期7卷 389-416页

作者： Ping Ping CHUNG James WANG yvonne DURANDET Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology

Mechanical fastening is widely used in joining metals, particularly in automotive, aerospace, building and construction industries. However, the main concern on mechanical fastening is the issue of corrosion. An effective way to prolong the service life of steel fasteners is to apply protective coatings onto these components. This paper reviews and compares a few common coating deposition techniques, i.e., electroplating, hot-dip galvanizing, ion vapour deposition and mechanical plating, in terms of their characteristics. Compositional and microstructural properties including morphology and porosity, corrosion resistance performance and frictional performance of the coatings formed by each process are discussed in details. Hydrogen embrittlement, a premature failure often occurred on high strength steel fasteners, is also reviewed. The key results of recent studies of various metallic coatings on fasteners are presented to provide a fundamental understanding of the evolving topics, and the research gaps have been identified for further investigation.

关键词： zinc coating steel fasteners frictional characteristics corrosion performance mechanical plating electroplating

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Effective and Sustainable Flood and Landslide Risk Reduction Measures:An Investigation of Two Assessment Frameworks

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第4期7卷 374-392页

作者： yvonne Andersson-Skld Lars Nyberg Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute(VTI) Centre for Climate and Safety Karlstad University

Natural events such as floods and landslides can have severe *** risks are expected to increase,both as a consequence of climate change and due to increased vulnerabilities,especially in urban *** preventive measures are often cost-effective,some measures are beneficial to certain values,while some may have negative impacts on other *** aim of the study presented here was to investigate two frameworks used for assessing the effectiveness and sustainability of physical and nonphysical flood and landslide risk reduction *** study is based on literature,available information from authorities and municipalities,expert knowledge and experience,and stakeholder views and *** results indicate that the risks for suboptimization or maladaptation are reduced if many aspects are included and a broad spectrum of stakeholders are *** sustamability assessment tools applied here can contribute to a more transparent and sustainable risk management process by assessing strategies and interventions with respect to both short- and long-term perspectives,including local impacts and wider environmental impacts caused by climate change,for *** tools can also cover social and economic *** assessment tools provide checklists that can support decision processes,thus allowing for more transparent decisions.

关键词： Flood risk Landslide risk Risk reduction measures Sustainability assessment tools Sweden

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The innate immune receptor NLRP12 maintains intestinal homeostasis by regulating microbiome diversity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第3期15卷 193-195页

作者： Jenny Moi-Fong Lau yvonne Dombrowski Centre for Experimental Medicine Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental MedicineQueen’s University BelfastBelfastBT97BLUK

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is on the rise in the western world.1 The dynamic interplay between genetic susceptibility,the gut microbiome and host inflammatory reactions underlying IBD are still *** light onto these complex interactions in IBD,Chen et al.2 identified a key role for the negative immune regulator NLRP12 in shaping the composition of the gut microbiome and maintaining intestinal *** finding,published in the most recent issue of Nature Immunology,2 can advance the development of much needed microbiome-based therapies for IBD patients.

关键词： homeostasis Immunology maintain

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The Einstein-Scalar Field Constraints on Asymptotically Euclidean Manifolds

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2006年第1期27卷 31-52页

作者： yvonne CHOQUET-BRUHAT James ISENBERG Daniel POLLACK Dedicated to the memory of Shiing-Shen Chern

By using the conformal method, solutions of the Einstein-scalar ficld gravitational constraint equations are obtained. Handling scalar fields is a bit more challenging than handling matter fields such as fluids, Maxwell fields or Yang-Mills fields, because the scalar field introduces three extra terms into the Lichnerowicz equation, rather than just one. The proofs are constructive and allow for arbitrary dimension （〉 2） as well as low regularity initial data.

关键词： Einstein-scalar field Constraints Asymptotically Euclidian

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Gene-environment interactions in male reproductive health： special reference to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第1期16卷 89-96页

作者： Leon J S Brokken yvonne Lundberg Giwercman Department of Clinical Sciences Molecular Genetic Reproductive Medicine Lund University MalmO Sweden

Over the last few decades, there have been numerous reports of adverse effects on the reproductive health of wildlife and laboratory animals caused by exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals （EDCs）. The increasing trends in human male reproductive disorders and the mounting evidence for causative environmental factors have therefore sparked growing interest in the health threat posed to humans by EDCs, which are substances in our food, environment and consumer items that interfere with hormone action, biosynthesis or metabolism, resulting in disrupted tissue homeostasis or reproductive function. The mechanisms of EDCs involve a wide array of actions and pathways. Examples include the estrogenic, androgenic, thyroid and retinoid pathways, in which the EDCs may act directly as agonists or antagonists, or indirectly via other nuclear receptors. Dioxins and dioxin-like EDCs exert their biological and toxicological actions through activation of the aryl hydrocarbon-receptor, which besides inducing transcription of detoxifying enzymes also regulates transcriptional activity of other nuclear receptors. There is increasing evidence that genetic predispositions may modify the susceptibility to adverse effects of toxic chemicals. In this review, potential consequences of hereditary predisposition and EDCs are discussed, with a special focus on the currently available publications on interactions between dioxin and androgen signaling.

关键词： androgen receptor aryl hydrocarbon receptor endocrine disrupter

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Additively manufactured fiber-reinforced composites:A review of mechanical behavior and opportunities

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第24期119卷 219-244页

作者： Jiahui Li yvonne Durandet Xiaodong Huang Guangyong Sun Dong Ruan Department of Mechanical Engineering and Product Design Engineering School of EngineeringSwinburne University of TechnologyHawthornVIC 3122Australia State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

Recent developments in additive manufacturing techniques have facilitated the fabrication of fiberreinforced composite *** this paper,the mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of discontinuous and continuous fiber-reinforced composites fabricated by various additive manufacturing techniques are comprehensively *** effects of fiber type,orientation and weight/volume fraction,printing path,and stacking sequence on the mechanical properties of additively manufactured composites are *** addition,the applications of additively manufactured composites,the main challenges of the current additive manufacturing techniques,and recommendations for future work are also presented.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Discontinuous and continuous fiber-reinforced composites Mechanical properties Deformation mechanism Applications

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