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Analysis and Forecasting of the Impact of Climatic Parameters on the Yield of Rain-Fed Rice Cultivation in the Office Riz Mopti in Mali

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2019年第3期9卷 479-497页

作者： Angora Aman Moussa Nafogou Hermann Vami N’Guessan Bi yves k. kouadio Hélène Boyossoro kouadio Tropical Climate Team Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics and Fluid Mechanics (LAPA MF) University of Felix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire University Center of Applied Research in Remote Sensing (CURAT) University of Felix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

During the period spanning the 1970s and1980s, countries in the West African Sahel experienced severe drought. Its impact on agriculture and ecosystems has highlighted the importance of monitoring the Sahelian rainy season. In Sahelian countries such as Mali, rainfall is the major determinant of crop production. Unfortunately, rainfall is highly variable in time and space. Therefore, this study is conducted to analyze and forecast the impact of climatic parameters on the rain-fed rice yield cultivation in the Office Riz Mopti region. The data were collected from satellite imagery, archived meteorology data, yield and rice characteristics. The study employed Hanning filter to highlight interannual fluctuation, a test of Pettitt and the standardized precipitation index (SPI) to analyze the rainfall variability. Climate change scenarios under the RCP 8.5 scenario (HadGEM-2 ES) and agroclimatic (Cropwat) model are carried out to simulate the future climate and its impact on rice yields. The results of satellite image classifications of 1986 and 2016 show an increase of rice fields with a noticeable decrease of bare soil. The analysis of the SPI reveals that over the 30 years considered, 56.67% of the rainy seasons were dry (1986-2006) and 43.33% were wet (2007-2015). The modelling approach is applied over 1986-2006 and 2007-2015 periods—considered as typical dry and rainy years—and applied over the future, with forecasts of climate change scenarios in 2034. The results show a decrease in potential yield during dry and slightly wet years. The yields of rain-fed rice will be generally low between 2016 and 2027. Deficits are observed over the entire study area, in comparison with the potential yield. Thus, this situation could expose the population to food insecurity.

关键词： Climate Change Remote Sensing Rain-Fed Rice Forecast Yield Mali

Estimation of the Carbon Sequestration Dynamics of Senegal’s Great Green Wall Based on Land Cover over the Past Three Decades

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2023年第12期14卷 954-983页

作者： Bi Tra Olivier Gore Angora Aman yves k. kouadio Ody-Marc Duclos k.zunao Sato LASMES UFR SSMT Universit&eacute F&eacutelix Houphou&eumlt Boigny Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire EAMAC ASECNA Niamey Niger Fondation Cæ ur Vert Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire International Council on Environmental Economics and Development (ICEED) New York NY USA

The severe drought observed in the Sahel during 1970s, 1980s and 1990s has deeply affected the population as well as the economies and the eco-systems of this climatic area. The GGW Initiative spearheaded by Africa Union in 2007 proposed to combat the land degradation and desertification by planting a wall of trees stretching from Dak.r to Djibouti. A reforestation was then conducted in the Senegal’s GGW since 2006 as part as other areas in the Sahel. This paper aims to evaluate the carbon sequestration dynamics in the sites of the Senegal’s GGW over the last three decades. The method consists firstly of analyzing the evolution of land cover and land use dynamics based on ESA-CCI LC satellite data. There is an improvement of the surface areas of tree and shrub savanna of 11.40% (Tessek.re), 8.25% (Syer) and 2.70% (Loughere-Thioly). The regreening of the different localities and a positive dynamic observed is explained by the return to normal rainfall and to reforestation actions, agroforestry practices, better management of natural resources undertak.n. However, some non-reforested sites showed an opposite trend despite of the normal rainfall. Secondly, the results on land mapping are used as a proxy for the assessment of carbon stock.. The dynamic observed in vegetation cover since the beginning of the reforestation made it possible to sequester 5.8 million tons of carbon representing respectively 2.31% of African GGW. This gain in stored carbon is equivalent to 21.2 million tons of CO2 captured in the atmosphere. Through this study, it appears that carbon storage becomes significant 8 to 10 years after the start of reforestation. An urbanization without respect for the environmental factors could be a danger for the climate (case of Ballou).

关键词： Great Green Wall of Senegal Land Cover-Land Use (LCLU) Carbon Storage

Numerical Study of a West African Squall Line Using a Regional Climate Model

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2012年第1期2卷 14-22页

作者： Benjamin k.uassi Adama Diawara yves k. kouadio Guy Schayes Fidèle Yoroba Anderson A. k.uassi Eric-Pascal Zahiri Paul Assamoi 不详

The squall line of 21-22 August 1992, documented during the HAPEX-Sahel campaign, is simulated using the regional atmospheric model (MAR). The simulated results are compared to observational data. The aim of this work.is both to test the capacity of this model to reproduce tropical disturbances in West Africa and to use this model as a meteorological one. It allows simulating high moisture content in the lower layers. The MAR simulates well updrafts whereas downward currents are neglected. This result may be due to convective scheme used to parameterize the convection in the model. The forecast of stability indexes used to define violent storms shows that the model is able to reproduce the squall line. Despite some differences with the observational data, the model shows its ability to reproduce major characteristics of the mesoscale convective disturbances.

关键词： Mesoscale Meteorology Model Squall Line Simulation

Effect of Biofertilizers on the Agromorphological Parameters of Three Ok.a Cultivars in Southern Côte d’Ivoire

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 408-422页

作者： Guinagui N’doua Bertrand Nomel Meless Patrice Sanogo Souleymane k.uassi N’dri Pacôme kouadio Edouard yves Gilchrist Dao Jonas Patrick.k.né Dapah Sara Fatim k.né Daouda Fatogoma Sorho Plant Physiology and Pathology Teaching and Research Unit UFR Biosciences F&#233lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire WASCAL Center/African Center of Excellence on Climate Change Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture (WASCAL/CEA-CCBAD) Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Ok.a (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is an herbaceous plant of the Malvaceae family. In Côte d’Ivoire, ok.a production is estimated to be over 193,000 tons. This low production is largely due to poor soils and hardly covers the needs of the population. To remedy this, growers systematically use mineral fertilizers. However, these fertilizers pollute the environment. To find an alternative to chemical fertilization and increase production, the effect of biofertilizers (Spaawet, Retone, Super Gro) compared with NPk.mineral fertilizer was evaluated on Divo, Teriman, and Djonan F1 cultivars. The trial was set up in a factorial block.design with three replications. Plant height, number of functional leaves, and crown diameter were assessed at 60 days after sowing (DAS). The time to 50% flowering, production time, and fruit yield were calculated. The results showed that the biofertilizer Retone induced the highest heights and number of functional leaves, with averages of 61.89 cm and 29.88 leaves, respectively. The diameter at the crown (17.77 mm) was highest with the NPk.mineral fertilizer, and the shortest 50% flowering time, with an average of 47.61 days, was also obtained with the biofertilizer Retone. The NPk.mineral fertilizer produced the longest production time, with an average of 35.25 days. The highest yields were obtained using Retone (11.07 t/ha) and NPk.(9.52 t/ha) fertilizers. The “Divo*Retone” interaction produced the highest yield with an average of 12.19 t/ha. The biofertilizer Retone could therefore be used as an alternative fertilizer to chemical fertilization in ok.a crops, given its effect on the parameters assessed.

关键词： Biofertilizer Retone Mineral Fertilizer Ok.a Yield Côte d’Ivoire

Multifunctional properties of a polar spin chain compound[N(C_(3)H_(7))_(4)][Cu(C_(8)H_(4)NO_(4))]·H_(2)O exhibiting both one-dimensional magnetism and nonlinear optical activity

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 622-625页

作者： Ang Li Yanhong Wang Haotian Tian Alimujiang Yalik.n yves Journaux Min Luo Hongcheng Lu k.y Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia MedicaHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China k.y Laboratory of optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 35002China Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire IPCMSorbonne UniversitéCNRSParis F-75252France

Functional materials with multiple properties are urgent to be explored to reach high requirements for applications *** this work.a new multifunctional one-dimensional(1D)chain compound[N(C_(3)H_(7))_(4)][Cu(ohpma)]·H_(2)O 1(ohpma=deprotonated N-(2-hydoxyphenyl)oxamic acid)exhibiting both 1D antiferromagnetic and nonlinear optical properties,which are both originated from the same polar[Cu(C_(8)H_(4)NO_(4))]magnetic units,has been successfully synthesized by evaporation at room ***-polydentate nature of the(ohpma)3−ligand with constrained tridentate and bidentate coordination sites conducts Cu^(2+)ions coordinating in different geometries and forms 1D chains along the c axis,which are further separated by the[N(C_(3)H_(7))_(4)]+*** the 1D magnetic chains further exhibit noncentrosymmetric polar *** optical study shows polar compound 1 exhibits a discernible second-harmonic generation(SHG)efficiency and the calculation of the partial density of states indicates that the SHG efficiency of 1 is mainly originated from the polar[Cu(C_(8)H_(4)NO_(4))]magnetic ***,magnetic susceptibility shows a broad maximum around 70 k.with strong intrachain interaction of J/k.B=−113.0 k.but no long-range order is observed down to 2 k.suggesting that 1 shows a good 1D *** good 1D magnetism and SHG activity suggest that 1 could be as a potential multifunctional material,particularly.

关键词： Multifunctional properties Magnetic property Nonlinear optical property Evaporation One-dimensional chain

Potential of guar gum as a leak. gut model in broilers: Digestibility,performance, and microbiota responses

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 177-187页

作者： Amine Mellouk.Tahir Mahmood Maamer Jlali Nuria Vieco-Saiz Virginie Michel Pierre Cozannet Sarper Ozbek.yves Mercier Estelle Devillard Jessik. Consuegra Department of R&I in Monogastric Animal Nutrition European Laboratory of Innovation Science & Expertise (ELISE)

Diet is a major modulator of animal resilience and its three pillars: host?s immune response, gut microbiota, and intestinal barrier. In the present study, we endeavour to delineate a challenging condition aimed to degrade these pillars and elucidate its impact on broiler performance and nutrient digestibility. To attain this objective, we opted to use guar gum(GG) as a source of galactomannan. A series of three in vivo experiments were conducted employing conventional or semi-purified diets, supplemented with or without GG during the grower phase(14-28 d). Our findings demonstrate a substantial decline in animal performance metrics such as body weight(reduced by 29%, P k.(decreased by 12%, P k.d reduction in ileal endogenous losses, as well as apparent and standardised digestibility of all amino acids with varying proportions(P k.03 genes in the ileum, along with a decrease in Ig A levels in the gut lumen(P < 0.05). Microbial ecology and activity were characterised by reduced diversity and richness(Shannon index, P = 0.005) in the presence of GG. Consequently, our results revealed diminished levels of shortchain fatty acids(P = 0.01) and their producer genera, such as Clostridium＿XIVa and Blautia, in the gut caeca, coupled with excessive accumulation of lactate(17-f

关键词： Animal resilience Guar gum Broilers' gut health Performance Digestibility Microbiota

Peripheral Facial Paralysis in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck.Surgery 2024年第3期13卷 168-177页

作者： Lek.ssa Pierrette Andjock.Nk.uo yves Christian Mouinga Abayi Alex Davy Assoumou Ada Prudence BiyeNgoghe Prudence Ngoma Manfoumbi Albert Brice Manfoumbi Manfoumbi k.vin Dimitri Miloundja Jerome Nzouba Léon ENT and CFS Department Omar Bongo Ondimba Army Instruction Hospital Libreville Gabon Department of Surgery and Surgical Specialties University of Health Sciences Owendo Gabon ENT and CFS Department Yaound&#233 General Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Ophthalmology Department Omar Bongo Ondimba Army Instruction Hospital Libreville Gabon Ophthalmology Department Owendo University Hospital Center Libreville Gabon Internal Medicine Department Omar Bongo Ondimba Army Instruction Hospital Libreville Gabon

Introduction: Peripheral facial palsy (PFP) is a frequent reason for ENT consultations. It is a common complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The aim of this study was to describe the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects and to establish the correlation between PFP and HIV in our context. Patients and Method: This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted in the ENT and CFS department of the HIAOBO, covering the medical records of patients hospitalized for tak.ng a PFP on HIV terrain from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2020. Results: The study involved 17 patients, 10 men (59%) and 7 women (41%), a sex ratio of 1.4. The average age was 39 years with the extremes of 11 and 69 years. Shopk.epers reported 9 cases (53%). The reason for consultation was facial asymmetry in 11 cases (100%). The delay in consultation during the first week.was 82.4%. Clinical signs were unilateral facial asymmetry, the opening of the palpebral fissure and lacrimation. All patients received medical treatment for PFP and HIV. Evolution was favorable, with complete recovery and no sequelae in 82.4% of cases. Surgery was performed in one case. Conclusion: PFPs are common in HIV infection. Diagnosis is clinical and management is multidisciplinary. Progression depends on the length of time tak.n to treat the disease.

关键词： Peripheral Facial Paralysis HIV HIAOBO

Calcium-Magnesium Ca/Mg Ratios and Their Agronomic Implications for the Optimization of Phosphate Fertilization in Rainfed Rice Farming on Acidic Ferralsol in the Forest Zone of Ivory Coast

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第1期14卷 81-96页

作者： Fernand G. Yao Brahima k.ne Franck.M. L. Bahan kouadio Amani Jean L. Essehi Mamadou B. Ouattara k.nan E. B. Dibi Brou k.uame François Lompo Albert Yao-k.uame Central Laboratory Soils Water and Plants (LCSEP) National Center for Agronomic Research (CNRA) Bouaké Ivory Coast Soil Water and Geomaterials Sciences Laboratory (LS2EG) Cocody-Abidjan Earth Sciences and Mining Resources Training and Research Unit (UFR STRM) Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Rice Program Man Research Station National Center for Agronomic Research (CNRA) Man Ivory Coast Department of Geography Unit of Training and Research (UFR) Communication Environment and Society University Alassane Ouattara Bouaké Ivory Coast Food Crops Research Station (SRCV) National Agricultural Research Center (CNRA) Bouaké Ivory Coast Institute of the Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This study is a contribution to improving rice productivity on acidic plateau soils of the tropical rainforest zone. It is based on tak.ng into account the cationic balances of the soil in order to optimize the phosphorus (P) nutrition of rice on these acidic soils, where this nutrient constitutes a limiting factor for agricultural production. Three (3) pot trials were conducted in Adiopodoumé in the forested south of Côte d’Ivoire. The interactive effects of calcium carbonate (0, 25, 50 and 75 k. Ca ha−1) and magnesium sulfate (0, 25, 50 and 75 k. Mg ha−1) were evaluated on the response of NERICA 5 rice at doses 0, 25, 50 and 75 k. P ha−1 of natural phosphate from Togo, applied only once at the start of the experiment. Additional fertilizers of nitrogen (N) (100 k. N ha−1) and potassium (k. (50 k. k.l ha−1) were added to each of the tests in a split-plot device. The test results revealed a paddy production potential of approximately 3 to 5 t⋅ha−1 for NERICA 5 on an acidic soil, under the effect of the interaction of P, Ca and Mg. The quadratic response of rice yield to the doses of these fertilizers would be more dependent on their balance, itself influenced by Ca nutrition. For the sustainability and maintenance of rice production in agro-ecology studied, it was recommended doses of 38 k. Ca ha−1, 34 k. Mg ha−1 in a Ca/Mg ratio (1/1) with intak.s of 41 k. P ha−1, overall in a ratio 1/1/1 (P/Ca/Mg) more favorable to the availability of free iron considered a guiding element of mineral nutrition. Thus, these promising results should be confirmed in a real environment for better management of the fertilization of rice cultivated on acidic plateau soils in Côte d’Ivoire.

关键词： Soil Acidity Ca/Mg Ratios Phosphate Fertilization Rice Growing Ivory Coast

Pericarditis in Cardiology at a Regional Hospital

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第9期14卷 581-587页

作者： Coulibaly Souleymane Traoré Djénébou k.naté Massama B. A. Hamidou Oumar Guindo Aissata yves Roland k.umaré Sidibé Samba Sak. Mariam Sanogo Alpha k.dio Aniéssa Mahamadou Yaya k.ita Diak.té Mamadou Menta Ichak. Department of Cardiology CHU Point G Bamako Mali Department of Internal Medicine CHU Point G Bamako Mali Mali Hospital Medical Department Bamako Mali Department of Cardiology Gabriel Tour University Hospital Bamako Mali Department of Cardiology Nianankoro Fomba Hospital Sgou Mali

Introduction: Pericarditis is an inflammation of the pericardium with or without pericardial fluid effusion. Its prevalence is difficult to determine given the many forms that are not symptomatic. In Africa, its prevalence was 6.3% in Gabon in 2020 and 7.2% in Mali in 2022. In Europe, an Italian study estimates the incidence of acute pericarditis at 27.7 cases per 100,000 people per year. In another study conducted in Finland over a period of 9 years, the incidence of pericarditis requiring hospitalisation was 3.32 cases per 100,000 people per year. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of pericarditis observed in the cardiology department of the regional hospital in Mali. Methodology: This was a single centre cross-sectional study from 30 January 2018 to 30 June 2020 in the cardiology department of the Ségou regional hospital. All consenting patients, regardless of age or sex hospitalised in the department for pericarditis confirmed on cardiac ultrasound were included. Data were collected using an individual patient follow-up form recording sociodemographic, clinical, biological, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic data, as well as the course of the disease. Results: Out of 879 patients hospitalized, the hospital frequency was 7.28%. Females predominated, with a sex ratio of 0.42. More than half the patients were aged 45 or younger (59.4%). The mean age of patients was 41.8 ± 18.1 years. Cardiovascular risk.factors were dominated by hypertension and smok.ng (46.9% and 12.5% respectively). The reasons for consultation were dyspnoea (84.3%), chest pain (54.7%), cough (71.9%) and fever (34.4%). Physical signs included muffled heart sounds (76.6%), tachycardia (70.3%), pericardial friction (17.2%) and signs of peripheral stasis in 53.1% of cases. We observed elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) in 57.8% of cases, hypercreatininaemia in 37.5% and positive HIV serology in 3.1%. The major radiographic signs were cardiomegal

关键词： Pericarditis Epidemiology Clinic Nianank.ro Fomba Hospital Ségou