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In search of a pan-coronavirus vaccine:next-generation vaccine design and immune mechanisms

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Cel.ular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 103-118页

作者： S.Cankat M.u.Demael l.Swadling Division of Infection and Immunity Institute of Immunity and TransplantationUniversity College LondonPears BuildingLondon NW32PPUK

Members of the coronaviridae family are endemic to human populations and have caused several epidemics and pandemics in recent *** this review,we will discuss the feasibility of and progress toward the ultimate goal of creating a pan-coronavirus vaccine that can protect against infection and disease by all members of the coronavirus *** will detail the unmet clinical need associated with the continued transmission of SARS-CoV-2,MERS-CoV and the four seasonal coronaviruses(HCoV-OC43,Nl63,HKu1 and 229E)in humans and the potential for future zoonotic *** will highlight how first-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and natural history studies have greatly increased our understanding of effective antiviral immunity to coronaviruses and have informed next-generation vaccine *** will then consider the ideal properties of a pan-coronavirus vaccine and propose a blueprint for the type of immunity that may offer ***,we will describe a subset of the diverse technologies and novel approaches being pursued with the goal of developing broadly or universally protective vaccines for coronaviruses.

关键词： Vaccine Coronavirus Cross-reactive immunity Cross-protection universal

Divergence of trafficking and polarization mechanisms for PIN auxin transporters during land plant evolution

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 116-129页

作者： Han Tang Kuan-Ju lu yuzhou Zhang You-liang Cheng Shih-long Tu Jiri Friml Institute of Science and Technology Austria(ISTA) Am Campus 13400 KlosterneuburgAustria Graduate Institute of Biotechnology National Chung Hsing UniversityNo.145Xingda Rd.South Dist.Taichung 40227TaiwanR.O.C College of life Sciences Northwest A&F UniversityShaanxiYanglingChina Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology Academia Sinica128 Sec.2Academia RdNankangTaipei 11529TaiwanR.O.C Present address:Graduate Institute of Biochemistry National Chung Hsing UniversityNo.145Xingda Rd.South Dist.Taichung 40227TaiwanR.O.C

The phytohormone auxin,and its directional transport through tissues,plays a fundamental role in the development of higher *** polar auxin transport predominantly relies on PIN-FORMED(PIN)auxin ***,PIN polarization is crucial for development,but its evolution during the rise of morpho-logical complexity in land plants remains ***,we performed a cross-species investigation by observing the trafficking and localization of endogenous and exogenous PINs in two bryophytes,Physco-mitrium patens and Marchantia polymorpha,and in theflowering plant Arabidopsis *** confirmed that the GFP fusion did not compromise the auxin export function of all examined PINs by using a radioac-tive auxin export assay and by observing the phenotypic changes in transgenic *** PINs polarize tofilamentous apices,while exogenous Arabidopsis PINs distribute symmetrically on the membrane in both *** the Arabidopsis root epidermis,bryophytic PINs have no defined *** interference revealed a strong cytoskeletal dependence of bryophytic but not Arabidopsis PIN *** divergence of PIN polarization and trafficking is also observed within the bryophyte clade and between tissues of individual *** results collectively reveal the divergence of PIN traf-ficking and polarity mechanisms throughout land plant evolution and the co-evolution of PIN sequence-based and cell-based polarity mechanisms.

关键词： Arabidopsis evolution Marchantia Physcomitrium PINs polarization protein trafficking

Exact solutions for magnetohydrodynamic nanofluids flow and heat transfer over a permeable axisymmetric radially stretching/shrinking sheet

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 108-114页

作者： u.S.Mahabaleshwar G.P.Vanitha l.M.Pérez Emad H.Aly I.Pop Department of Studies in Mathematics Davangere UniversityShivagangothriDavangereIndia Departamento de F´ısica FACIUniversidad de Tarapac´aCasilla 7DAricaChile Department of Mathematics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt Department of Mathematics Babes-Bolyai University400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

We report on the magnetohydrodynamic impact on the axisymmetric flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu nanoparticles suspended in H_(2)O past a stretched/shrinked *** the use of partial differential equations and the corresponding thermophysical characteristics of nanoparticles,the physical flow process is *** resultant nonlinear system of partial differential equations is converted into a system of ordinary differential equations using the suitable similarity *** transformed differential equations are solved *** of the magnetic parameter,solid volume fraction and stretching/shrinking parameter on momentum and temperature distribution have been analyzed and interpreted *** skin friction and Nusselt number were also *** addition,existence of dual solution was deduced for the shrinking sheet and unique solution for the stretching ***,Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O nanofluid flow has better thermal conductivity on comparing with Cu/H_(2)O ***,it was found that the first solutions of the stream are stable and physically realizable,whereas those of the second ones are unstable.

关键词： magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid stretching/shrinking sheet axisymmetric flow analytical solution suction/injection

In vivo real-time monitoring delayed administration of M2 macrophages to enhance healing of tendon by NIR-II fluorescence imaging

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4379-4390页

作者： yuzhou Chen Mo Chen Chengxuan Yu Huizhu li liman Sai Nguyen T.K.Thanh Yueming Wang Yan Wo Jian Zhang Xing Yang Evgenii l.Guryev Andrei V.Zvyagin Hao De Min Tang Shiyi Chen Yunxia li Yuefeng Hao Sijia Feng Jun Chen Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan university Department of Sports MedicineHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China Department of Orthopedic Surgery Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China Department of Bone and Joint Surgery Department of OrthopedicsRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200001China Department of Physics Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Biophysics Group Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK uCl Healthcare Biomagnetic and Nanomaterials laboratories London W1S 4BSUK Department of Anatomy and Physiology School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China Department of Orthopedics Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215500China Institute of Biology and Biomedicine Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny NovgorodNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia Mathematical Institute University of OxfordOxford OX26GGUK Institute of Natural Sciences School of MathematicsShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The administration time is a critical but long-neglected point in cell therapy based on macrophages because the incorrect time of macrophage administration could result in diverse outcomes regarding the same macrophage *** this work,the second near-infrared(NIR-II)fluorescence imaging in vivo tracking of M2 macrophages during a pro-healing therapy in the mice model of rotator cuff injury revealed that the behavior of administrated macrophages was influenced by the timing of their *** delayed cell therapy(DCT)group had a longer retention time of injected M2 macrophages in the repairing tissue than that in the immediate cell therapy(ICT)*** Keller-Segel model and histological analysis further demonstrated that DCT altered the chemotaxis of M2 macrophages and improved the healing outcome of the repaired structure in comparison with *** results offer a possible explanation of previous conflicting results on reparative cell therapy and provoke reconsideration of the timing of these therapies.

关键词： macrophage cell therapy NIR-II in vivo imaging delayed therapy tendon healing

Noncoding RNAs：＇our turn＇ to join the p53 networ

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2014年第3期8卷 179-180页

作者： Yong li Hua l.u Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Medicine University of Louisville 319 Abraham Flexner Way Louisville KY40202 USA E-mail: yong.ti@louisviUe.edu Department of Biochemistry& Molecular Biology andTulane Cancer Center TulaneUniversity School ofMedicine New Orleans LA70112 USA

The p53 tumor suppressor is the guardian of the rrr- o human genome. Since ,ts discovery in pS3 has been the most studied molecule in the field of cancer. Recently, its role has also been extended to other biological and pathological processes, p53 functions primarily as a transcription factor to regulate target genes that encode proteins crucial for promot- ing apoptotic cell death, cell cycle arrest, senescence, and so on in response to diverse upstream stressors. Interestingly, some of the p53 targets are noncoding RNAs. Noncoding RNAs can be functional without being translated into proteins and are often independent RNA molecules or noncoding parts of messenger RNAs. The past decade has witnessed bur- geoning intensive investigation on the interplay of noncoding RNAs with p53, its regulators, and effectors during the development of cancer and/or other dis- eases. This issue of Journal of Molecular Cell Biology presents five essays to review the rapid progress in this area from five different angles and to offer new insight into the role of noncoding RNAs in the p53 signaling web with updated information.

关键词：非编码RNA BP网络分子细胞生物学 P53 编码蛋白质细胞周期阻滞 p53 人类基因组

Childhood malaria in the Niger delta area of Nigeria:mothers/care givers'perception,definition and treatment practices

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第3期2卷 52-58页

作者： Idogun E.Sylvester Airauhi l.u Department of Chemical Pathology University of Benin Teaching HospitalBenin City Department of Medical Microbiology Biology University of Benin Teaching HospitalBenin City

Objective:The objective of the study was to evaluate mothers/care givers perception of malaria,their treatment practices and the effects on the outcome of ***:Four hundred and sixty children were enrolled and their mothers/care givers *** children were screened for malaria parasitaemia and there after,blood specimens were obtained for biochemical and haematological evaluation from those children who met the criteria and tested positive to *** *** cell volume,electrolytes,urea, creatinine,plasma glucose,and serum bilirubin were ***:A total of 460 children were studied, 233(50.7%) males and 227(49.3%) *** malaria cases were 112(24.3%) and severe malaria 348(75.7%).Those who presented early 106(23.0%) and those who presented late 354(77.0%).Perception and definition of malaria as well as the treatment seeking behaviors vary significantly with the level of education of the mothers and care *** without formal education 68(51.9%) wrongly perceived that the etiology of malaria can only be diagnosed by native doctors compared to those with primary six education 61 (26.5%) and junior secondary education 10(10.1%).Only 43(9.3%) gave the correct dose of chloroquine syrup to their sick children,while 32(7.0%) gave at sub optimal ***:Wrong perception of malaria especially the complicated malaria and wrong treatment practices are major contributory factors to the high mortality and morbidity of malaria in *** is therefore a need for health education to correct the wrong ideas about the cause and treatment practices of malaria as part of malaria control programme.

关键词： Childhood malaria Mothers/Caregivers Perception and treatment practices Nigeria

Promotion of structural plasticity in area V2 of visual cortex prevents against object recognition memory deficits in aging and Alzheimer's disease rodents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1835-1841页

作者： Irene Navarro-lobato Mariam Masmudi-Martín Manuel F.lópez-Aranda Juan F.lópez-Téllez Gloria Delgado Pablo Granados-Durán Celia Gaona-Romero Marta Carretero-Rey Sinforiano Posadas María E.Quiros-Ortega Zafar u.Khan laboratory of Neurobiology Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias(CIMES)University of MalagaMalagaSpain Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalagaMalagaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CIBERNED) Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain the Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands the Brain Metastasis Group National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)MadridSpain the Department of Neurobiology University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA

Memory deficit,which is often associated with aging and many psychiatric,neurological,and neurodegenerative diseases,has been a challenging issue for *** till now,all potential drug candidates have failed to produce satisfa ctory ***,in the search for a solution,we found that a treatment with the gene corresponding to the RGS14414protein in visual area V2,a brain area connected with brain circuits of the ventral stream and the medial temporal lobe,which is crucial for object recognition memory(ORM),can induce enhancement of *** this study,we demonstrated that the same treatment with RGS14414in visual area V2,which is relatively unaffected in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s disease,produced longlasting enhancement of ORM in young animals and prevent ORM deficits in rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,we found that the prevention of memory deficits was mediated through the upregulation of neuronal arbo rization and spine density,as well as an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).A knockdown of BDNF gene in RGS14414-treated aging rats and Alzheimer s disease model mice caused complete loss in the upregulation of neuronal structural plasticity and in the prevention of ORM *** findings suggest that BDNF-mediated neuronal structural plasticity in area V2 is crucial in the prevention of memory deficits in RGS14414-treated rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,our findings of RGS14414gene-mediated activation of neuronal circuits in visual area V2 have therapeutic relevance in the treatment of memory deficits.

关键词： behavioral performance brain-derived neurotrophic factor cognitive dysfunction episodic memory memory circuit activation memory deficits memory enhancement object recognition memory prevention of memory loss regulator of G protein signaling

基于光热反射技术的耐事故核燃料导热性质研究

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核动力工程 2024年第S1期45卷 96-102页

作者：王宇舟张强马显锋朱斐廖京京中山大学中法核工程与技术学院广东珠海519082 中国核动力研究设计院成都610213

为改善新型耐事故核燃料的导热性能,提高导热性能测试方法的检测效率和测试精度,本文介绍了具有高空间分辨率和高测试频率的光热反射技术,阐述了此类技术的基本原理、实验装置和测试方法,重点介绍了针对核燃料研究所发展的空间域光热反... 详细信息

为改善新型耐事故核燃料的导热性能,提高导热性能测试方法的检测效率和测试精度,本文介绍了具有高空间分辨率和高测试频率的光热反射技术,阐述了此类技术的基本原理、实验装置和测试方法,重点介绍了针对核燃料研究所发展的空间域光热反射技术。以离子辐照样品和包覆核燃料涂层为例,介绍了空间域光热反射技术在原位测试领域的应用场景。针对离子辐照样品的不均匀损伤分布,开发了多层传热模型用于更准确地表征材料导热性质,采用该技术获得了uO_(2)燃料热导率随着离子注入剂量的定量衰减规律;准确表征了包覆核燃料微球各涂层在高温下的热输运性质,结合微结构研究揭示了缺陷相对于热解炭涂层热导率的影响。光热反射技术为探究辐照损伤和结构缺陷对于核燃料热量传输的作用机制提供了有力工具,为进一步改进燃料性能、开发高精度的燃料仿真模型提供了参考依据。

关键词：耐事故核燃料导热性质光热反射技术

long Periodic Structure in ZrO_2-Y_2O_3 Ceramics

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2004年第2期20卷 226-227页

作者： JiancunRAO yuzhou DouxinglI DepartmentofMaterialsScience HarbinInstituteofTechnologyHarbin150001China SolidAtomicImagingDivision ShenyangNationalLaboratoryforMaterialsScienceInstituteofMetalResearchChineseAcademyofSciences72WenhuaRoadShenyang110016China

A new type of long periodic structure has been found in ZrO2-Y2O3 ceramics in annealed states. High resolution electron microscopy (HREM), selected area electron diffraction, and computer simulation have been used to reveal the presence of the long periodic structure. The unit cell of the long periodic structure consists of a cubic ZrO2 unit cell and l10- like phase one.

关键词： Ceramics Electron diffraction Electron microscopy Crystal structure Microstructure