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Acute cholangitis: Does malignant biliary obstruction vs choledocholithiasis etiology change the clinical presentation and outcomes?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第29期11卷 6984-6994页

作者： yung-Kuan Tsou Yi-Tse Su Cheng-Hui Lin Nai-Jen Liu Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan 333TaiwanChina

BACKGROUND Whether clinical outcomes of acute cholangitis(AC)vary by etiology is unclear.AIM To compare outcomes in AC caused by malignant biliary obstruction(MBO)and common bile duct stones(CBDS).METHODS This retrospective study included 516 patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)due to AC caused by MBO(MBO group,n=56)and CBDS(CBDS group,n=460).Clinical and laboratory parameters were compared between the groups.Propensity score matching(PSM)created 55 matched pairs.Confounders used in the PSM analysis were age,sex,time to ERCP,and technical success of ERCP.The primary outcome comparison was 30-d mortality.The secondary outcome comparisons were intensive care unit(ICU)admission rate,length of hospital stay(LOHS),and 30-d readmission rate.RESULTS Compared with the CBDS group,the MBO group had significantly lower body temperature,percentage of abnormal white blood cell counts,and serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,and creatinine.Body temperature,percent abnormal white blood cell count,and serum aspartate aminotransferase levels remained significantly lower in the MBO group in the PSM analysis.Platelet count,prothrombin time/international normalized ratio,and serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin were significantly higher in the MBO group.The MBO group had a significantly higher percentage of severe AC(33.9%vs 22.0%,P=0.045)and received ERCP later(median,92.5 h vs 47.4 h,P<0.001).However,the two differences were not found in the PSM analysis.The 30-d mortality(5.4%vs 0.7%,P=0.019),ICU admission rates(12.5%vs 4.8%,P=0.028),30-d readmission rates(23.2%vs 8.0%,P<0.001),and LOHS(median,16.5 d vs 7.0 d,P<0.001)were significantly higher or longer in the MBO group.However,only LOHS remained significant in the PSM analysis.Multivariate analysis revealed that time to ERCP and multiple organ dysfunction were independent factors associated with 30-d mortality.CONCLUSION MBO patients underwent ERCP later and thus had a worse prognosis than CBDS

关键词： Malignant biliary obstruction Common bile duct stones Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Acute cholangitis Mortality Etiology

Peptidic defective interfering gene nanoparticles against Omicron,Delta SARS-CoV-2 variants and influenza A virus in vivo

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第9期7卷 3484-3493页

作者： Hanjun Zhao Chuyuan Zhang Hoiyan Lam Xinjie Meng Zheng Peng Man Lung Yeung Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan Kelvin Kai-Wang To Kwok-yung Yuen State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Microbiology School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Centre for Virology Vaccinology and TherapeuticsHong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Carol Yu Centre for Infection The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Guangzhou Laboratory GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Defective interfering genes(DIGs)are short viral genomes and interfere with wild-type viral replication.Here,we demonstrate that the new designed SARS-CoV-2 DIG(CD3600)can significantly inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 including Alpha,Delta,Kappa and Omicron variants in human HK-2 cells and influenza DIG(PAD4)can significantly inhibit influenza virus replication in human A549 cells.One dose of influenza DIGs prophylactically protects 90%mice from lethal challenge of A(H1N1)pdm09 virus and CD3600 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in hamster lungs when DIGs are administrated to lungs one day before viral challenge.To further investigate the gene delivery vector in the respiratory tract,a peptidic TAT2-P1&LAH4,which can package genes to form small spherical nanoparticles with high endosomal escape ability,is demonstrated to dramatically increase gene expression in the lung airway.TAT2-P1&LAH4,with the dual-functional TAT2-P1(gene-delivery and antiviral),can deliver CD3600 to significantly inhibit the replication of Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 in hamster lungs.This peptide-based nanoparticle system can effectively transfect genes in lungs and deliver DIGs to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 variants and influenza virus in vivo,which provides the new insight into the drug delivery system for gene therapy against respiratory viruses.

关键词： influenza vivo Delta

Theoretical investigation of shock stand-off distance for non-equilibrium flows over spheres

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2018年第5期31卷 990-996页

作者： Hua SHEN Chih-yung WEN Extreme Computing Research Center Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

We derived a theoretical solution of the shock stand-off distance for a non-equilibrium flow over spheres based on Wen and Hornung＇s solution and Olivier＇s solution. Compared with previous approaches, the main advantage of the present approach is allowing an analytic solution without involving any semi-empirical parameter for the whole non-equilibrium flow regimes. The effects of some important physical quantities therefore can be fully revealed via the analytic solution. By combining the current solution with Ideal Dissociating Gas（IDG） model, we investigate the effects of free stream kinetic energy and free stream dissociation level（which can be very different between different facilities） on the shock stand-off distance.

关键词： Gas dynamics Supersonic/hypersonic flow Shock stand-off distant Non-equilibrium flow Blunt body Shock

Aqueous extract of Protaetia brevitarsis larvae increases mTOR-mediated growth rate in zebrafish larvae

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2023年第8期13卷 339-347页

作者： Jayasingha Arachchige Chathuranga Chanaka Jayasingha Kyoung Tae Lee yung Hyun Choi Gi-Young Kim Department of Marine Life Science Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea Forest Bioresources Department Forest Microbiology DivisionNational Institute of Forest ScienceSuwon 16631Republic of Korea Department of Biochemistry College of Korean MedicineDong-Eui UniversityBusan 47227Republic of Korea

Objective:To evaluate the effects of an aqueous extract of Protaetia brevitarsis(AEPB)on the growth of zebrafish and preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells.Methods:The effects of AEPB on the linear growth and the expression of growth-related genes in zebrafish and MC3T3-E1 cells were assessed using various molecular techniques.Furthermore,the involvement of the mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)pathway in AEPB-induced growth was investigated by employing the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin.Results:AEPB administration led to a significant and dose-dependent increase in zebrafish larvae growth over time.Additionally,AEPB treatment upregulated the expression of growth hormone-1(GH-1),insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1),growth hormone receptor-1(GHR-1),and cholecystokinin-a(CCKA)in zebrafish.Similarly,AEPB stimulated the expression and release of IGF-1 and accelerated mTOR expression in MC3T3-E1 cells.In addition,rapamycin hindered AEPB-induced linear growth in zebrafish larvae and suppressed the expression of growth-promoting genes by inhibiting mTOR activation.Conclusions:AEPB shows growth-promoting effects by upregulating growth-related genes and activating the mTOR signaling pathway.Further investigations are warranted to elucidate its mechanisms of action and explore its potential application in the development of growth-enhancing supplements for various purposes.

关键词： Protaetia brevitarsis Growth rate Growth hormone Insulin-like growth factor mTOR MC3T3-E1

Unraveling Iterative Control Structures from Business Processes

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2021年第1期36卷 158-190页

作者： Yain-Whar Si Weng-Hong yung Department of Computer and Information Science University of MacaoMacaoChina

Iterative control structures allow the repeated execution of tasks,activities or sub-processes according to the given conditions in a process model.Iterative control structures can significantly increase the risk of triggering temporal exceptions since activities within the scope of these control structures could be repeatedly executed until a predefined condition is met.In this paper,we propose two approaches to unravel iterative control structures from process models.The first approach unravels loops based on zero-one principle.The second approach unravels loops based on branching probabilities assigned at split gateways.The proposed methods can be used to unfold structured loops,nested loops and crossing loops.Since the unfolded model does not contain any iterative control structures,it can be used for further analysis by process designers during the modeling phase.The proposed methods are implemented based on workflow graphs,and therefore they are compatible with modeling languages such as Business Process Modelling Notation(BPMN).In the experiments,the execution behavior of unfolded process models is compared against the original models based on the concept of runs.Experimental results reveal that runs generated from the original models can be correctly executed in the unfolded BPMN models that do not contain any loops.

关键词： business process management iterative control structure unravelling zero-one principle branching probability

Polyelectrolyte multilayer electrostatic gating of graphene field-effect transistors

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Nano Research 2014年第11期7卷 1650-1658页

作者： yung Yu Wang Peter J. Burke Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of California Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA

我们使用由到 graphene 的表面的断然控告的 polyallylamine hydrochloride 和否定地控告的钠聚苯乙烯 sulfonate 的连续交替的吸附的多层的电影回答的聚合电解质效果晶体管。在迪拉克电压的摆动与轮流出现变积极、否定的层清楚地在这... 详细信息

我们使用由到 graphene 的表面的断然控告的 polyallylamine hydrochloride 和否定地控告的钠聚苯乙烯 sulfonate 的连续交替的吸附的多层的电影回答的聚合电解质效果晶体管。在迪拉克电压的摆动与轮流出现变积极、否定的层清楚地在这个简单模型系统表明静电的 gating 效果。一个简单静电的模型说明很好迪拉克电压移动的符号和大小。用这个系统，我们能随意创造 p 类型或 n 类型 graphene。这个模型用作理解控告的聚合物用 graphene 设备察觉到的机制的基础，一潜在地在象定序的 DNA 那样的区域的 graphene 的技术上重要的申请，为癌症察觉的 biomarker 试金，和察觉到应用的另外的蛋白质。

关键词：聚电解质多层膜场效应晶体管静电模型石墨门控模型系统电压转换癌症检测

Isothermal Gas Forming of Mg Alloy AZ31 Sheet

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2002年第3期18卷 227-230页

作者： yung-Hung Jian-YihWang 等 DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering NationalCentralUniversityCHung-liTaiwanChina Chung-ShanInstituteofScience&Technology Lung-tanTaiwanChina

There have been reports on sheet forming of Mg alloy in industry via the punch and die method. This paper is probably the first formal one for studying the AZ31 sheet formability of employing pressurized gas to press the sheet into a female die cavity at various elevated temperatures. The results indicate that it is feasible to form a rectangular box via pressurized gas from extruded sheets with the thickness of 0.5 or 1.7 mm. The formed box has the depth to width ratio of 1:2, which should be large enough when dealing with realistic industrial sheet forming parts. Presently, forming a sheet of 0.5 mm thick is considered a technical challenge by industry, and it has been conquered as demonstrated in this paper. The application of the gas forming technique to Mg alloy is unprecedented and it has a great potential for the industrial utilization.

关键词： AZ31 magnesium alloy Sheet formability Microstructure

Honokiol attenuates oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity in human keratinocytes via activating AMPK signaling

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2021年第5期11卷 222-230页

作者： yung Hyun Choi Anti-Aging Research Center Dong-eui UniversityBusan 47340Republic of Korea Department of Biochemistry College of Korean MedicineDong-eui UniversityBusan 47227Republic of Korea

Objective:To investigate the effect of honokiol on oxidative damage in HaCaT human keratinocytes.Methods:HaCaT cells were exposed to hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),following pretreatment with various concentrations of honokiol.The alleviating effects of honokiol on HaCaT cell viability and cell death,reactive oxygen species(ROS)production,DNA damage,mitochondrial dynamics,and inhibition of adenosine triphoaphate production against H_(2)O_(2)were investigated.Western blotting analysis was used to analyze the expression levels of specific proteins.Results:Honokiol suppressed H_(2)O_(2)-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage by blocking abnormal ROS accumulation.Honokiol also prevented apoptosis by inhibiting loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol,decreasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio,and reducing the activity of caspase-3 in H_(2)O_(2)-stimulated HaCaT cells.In addition,honokiol attenuated H_(2)O_(2)-induced reduction of adenosine triphosphate content,and activation of AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)was markedly promoted by honokiol in H_(2)O_(2)-stimulated cells.Importantly,the anti-apoptosis and anti-proliferative activity of honokiol against H_(2)O_(2)was further enhanced by adding an activator of AMPK,indicating that honokiol activated AMPK in HaCaT keratinocytes to protect against oxidative damage.Conclusions:The present results indicate that honokiol may be useful as a potential therapeutic agent against various oxidative stress-related skin diseases.

关键词： Honokiol ROS DNA damage Apoptosis AMPK

曹础基在庄学史上的贡献——兼谈其对关锋范式的突破

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衡水学院学报 2023年第5期25卷 1-8,123页

作者：周炽成华南师范大学政治与行政学院广东广州510631

20世纪以来,《庄子》研究经历了不同研究范式的转换,其发展已经成为中国传统学术研究的一个缩影。作为新中国第一部《庄子浅注》的作者,曹础基的庄学研究在一定程度上与20世纪以来的《庄子》研究史相应发展。曹先生是新时期具有代表性... 详细信息

20世纪以来,《庄子》研究经历了不同研究范式的转换,其发展已经成为中国传统学术研究的一个缩影。作为新中国第一部《庄子浅注》的作者,曹础基的庄学研究在一定程度上与20世纪以来的《庄子》研究史相应发展。曹先生是新时期具有代表性的研究者之一,也是庄学研究关锋范式的突破者。从《庄子浅注》到《庄子浅论》,其研究涵盖了庄学研究范式从传统到现代的转变,促使《庄子》研究最终呈现多元化。在新版《庄子浅注》和《老庄旁训》中,曹先生对旧版一些过时的内容和形式进行了革命性的改变,展示了《庄子》研究的最新成果。探讨曹础基在新中国庄学研究史上的贡献和地位,具有十分重要的意义。

关键词：曹础基《庄子浅注》《庄子浅论》《老庄旁训》关锋范式庄学史