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Flexible Evanescent Wave Interference Lithography System for Sub-half-Wavelength Complex Relief Structures Fabrication

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2021年第4期4卷 256-270页

作者： yuki Torii Shuzo Masui yuki matsumoto Kunikazu Suzuki Masaki Michihata Kiyoshi Takamasu Satoru Takahashi Department of Precision Engineering The University of TokyoHongo 7-3-1BunkyoTokyo 113-8656Japan Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of TokyoKomaba 4-6-1MegroTokyo 153-8904Japan

Surface microstructures impart various useful properties to objects,for example,improving optical characteristics,wettability,and sliding *** is well known that biomimicking relief structures are effective in making such properties arise and have been studied to be applied to various ***,they are expected to be utilized not only for improving a particular property but also for adding more complex functions on a device's urface by fabricating different multi-functional structures on a single surface in the ***,to begin with,artificially fabricating such biomimicking special functional relief is *** typical feature of biomimicking surfaces is the dual-scale structure,the smaller one of which is less than 200 ***,in the case of realizing the more complex devices,it is necessary to fabricate various forms as changing process conditions *** this study,we proposed and developed a flexible evanescent wave interference lithography system as a novel fabrication method,which allows us to realize the fabrication of sub-half-wavelength complex relief ***,we theoretically analyzed the fundamental behavior of the fabricated structure and found that the proposed concept has the potential to realize one of the target complex ***,we developed the proposed system with high process flexibility,in which the number of beams,the azimuth angles,and the polarization can be simply ***,we validated the concept of the designed system by some experiments,where we fabricated dual-scale structures with 840-nm and 190-nm fringe patterns simultaneously.

关键词： Evanescent wave Biomimetics Interference lithography Micro fabrication Surface structure

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Current and future trends in whole genome sequencing in cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第1期21卷 16-20页

作者： yuki Katsuya Department of Experimental Therapeutics National Cancer Center Hospital5-1-1 TsukijiChuo-kuTokyo 104-0045Japan

Cancer remains a formidable global health challenge affecting millions of lives *** decades,conventional cancer treatments used a one-size-fits-all approach,overlooking the intricate genetic variations that drive *** emergence of cancer genomics has ushered in a new era of personalized and targeted cancer *** Human Genome Project,which was launched in 1990 and completed in 2003。

关键词： cancer Cancer annually

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Optimization of body configuration and joint-driven attitude stabilization for transformable spacecraft under solar radiation pressure

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Astrodynamics 2024年第1期8卷 47-60页

作者： yuki Kubo Toshihiro Chujo Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Japan Aerospace Exploration AgencyKanagawa252-5210Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyo152-8550Japan

The solar sail is one of the most promising space exploration systems due to its theoretically infinite specific impulse achieved through solar radiation pressure(SRP).Recently,researchers have proposed“transformable spacecraft”capable of actively reconfiguring their body configurations using actuatable *** spacecraft,if used similarly to solar sails,are expected to significantly enhance orbit and attitude control capabilities owing to their high redundancy in control degrees of ***,controlling them becomes challenging due to their large number of inputs,leading previous researchers to impose strong constraints to limit their potential control *** study focuses on novel attitude control techniques for transformable spacecraft under *** developed two methods,namely,joint angle optimization to obtain arbitrary SRP force and torque,and momentum damping control driven by joint angle *** proposed methods are formulated in a general manner and can be applied to any transformable spacecraft comprising front faces that can predominantly receive the SRP on each *** validity of our proposed method is confirmed through numerical *** study contributes to making most of the high control redundancy of transformable spacecraft without the need for expendable propellants,thus significantly enhancing the orbit and attitude control capabilities.

关键词： solar sail transformable spacecraft attitude-joint coupled motion attitudestabilization

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Laser-assisted direct roller imprinting of large-area microstructured optical surfaces

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 257-266页

作者： Keisuke Nagato Ken Takahashi yuki Yajima Masayuki Nakao Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringThe University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan

In this study,a high-throughput fabrication method called laser-assisted direct roller imprinting(LADRI)was developed to lower the cost of nanoimprinting large-area polymer films and to address problems associated with nanoimprinting,namely,microstructural damage and precision in flatness of entire *** LADRI,the laser directly heats the microstructured surface of the roller mold,which heats and melts the surface of a polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)film to replicate the microstructures on the mold *** this study,the effects of laser power density,scanning speed,size of the microstructures,and contact pressure on the replication speed were investigated *** replication speed increased as the power and scanning speed ***,because the film required heating until it filled the entire depth of the microstructure,an appropriate replication speed was *** result was supported by simulation of the temperature distribution inside the mold and the PMMA using transient heat conduction *** demonstrate the applications of LADRI,two different optical surfaces were replicated:an antireflection(AR)structure with conical structures sized several hundred nanometers and a lightextraction structure with a microlens array(MLA)comprising 10μm lenses,for display and illumination,*** replication degree of the MLA was governed by the contact *** flow simulation indicated that the heat conduction and flow speeds of the melted PMMA surface were comparable within several tens of *** addition,the reflectivity of the AR structure decreased from 4 to 0.5%,and the light intensity of the light-extraction structure increased by a factor of 1.47.

关键词： microstructure roller conduction

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Controlling a peristaltic robot inspired by inchworms

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Biomimetic Intelligence & Robotics 2024年第1期4卷 88-96页

作者： Yanhong Peng Hiroyuki Nabae yuki Funabora Koichi Suzumori Department of Information and Communication Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringNagoya UniversityNagoya 464-8601Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyo 152-8550Japan

This study presents an innovative approach in soft robotics,focusing on an inchworm-inspired robot designed for enhanced transport *** explore the impact of various parameters on the robot’s performance,including the number of activated sections,object size and material,supplied air pressure,and command execution *** a series of controlled experiments,we demonstrate that the robot can achieve a maximum transportation speed of 8.54 mm/s and handle loads exceeding 100 g,significantly outperforming existing models in both speed and load *** findings provide valuable insights into the optimization of soft robotic design for improved efficiency and adaptability in transport *** research not only contributes to the advancement of soft robotics but also opens new avenues for practical applications in areas requiring precise and efficient object *** study underscores the potential of biomimetic designs in robotics and sets a new benchmark for future developments in the field.

关键词： McKibben artificial muscles Bionics Soft robotics Soft actuator Bio-inspired robotics

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Endoscopic hemostasis using self-expandable metal stent combinedwith PuraStat® for patient with high risk of post-endoscopicsphincterotomy bleeding (with video)

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 94-96页

作者： Takeshi Ogura yuki Uba Masahiro Yamamura Nobu Nishioka Hiroki Nishikawa 2nd Department of Internal Medicine Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityOsakaJapan

To the Editor:Endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST)is an established technique for removal of bile duct stones and self-expandable metal stent(SEMS)***,bleeding can be considered an adverse event after EST,particularly for patients with high risk of bleeding such as those on *** the various techniques reported for obtaining endoscopic hemostasis[1-3].

关键词： bleeding stasis endoscopic

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Low skeletal muscle mass and high visceral adiposity are associated with recurrence of acute cholecystitis after conservative management:A propensity score-matched cohort study

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 64-70页

作者： Yudai Koya Michihiko Shibata yuki Maruno Yoshitaka Sakamoto Shinji Oe Koichiro Miyagawa Yuichi Honma Masaru Harada Department of Gastroenterology Kyushu Rosai HospitalMoji Medical Center3-1 HigashiminatomachiMoji-kuKitakyushu 801-8502Japan Third Department of Internal Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthKitakyushu 807-8555Japan Department of Surgery Kyushu Rosai Hospital Moji Medical CenterKitakyushu 801-8502Japan

Background:Recurrent acute cholecystitis(RAC)can occur after non-surgical treatment for acute cholecystitis(AC),and can be more severe in comparison to the first episode of *** skeletal muscle mass or adiposity have various effects in several *** aimed to clarify the relationship between RAC and body ***:Patients with AC who were treated at our hospital between January 2011 and March 2022 were *** psoas muscle mass and adipose tissue area at the third lumbar level were measured using computed tomography at the first episode of *** areas were divided by height to obtain the psoas muscle mass index(PMI)and subcutaneous/visceral adipose tissue index(SATI/VATI).According to median VATI,SATI and PMI values by sex,patients were divided into the high and low PMI *** performed propensity score matching to eliminate the baseline differences between the high PMI and low PMI groups and analyzed the cumulative incidence and predictors of ***:The entire cohort was divided into the high PMI(n=81)and low PMI(n=80)*** the propensity score-matched cohort there were 57 patients in each *** Kaplan-Meier analysis,the low PMI group and the high VATI group had a significantly higher cumulative incidence of RAC than their counterparts(log-rank P=0.001 and 0.015,respectively).In a multivariate Cox regression analysis,the hazard ratios of low PMI and low VATI for RAC were 5.250(95%confidence interval 1.083-25.450,P=0.039)and 0.158(95%confidence interval:0.026-0.937,P=0.042),***:Low skeletal muscle mass and high visceral adiposity were independent risk factors for RAC.

关键词： Acute cholecystitis Low skeletal muscle mass Recurrent acute cholecystitis Sarcopenia Visceral adiposity

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Tannins from Acacia mangium Bark as Natural Dyes for Textiles: Characteristics and Applications

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第9期12卷 1625-1637页

作者： Maya Ismayati Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat Fifi Melinda Setiawati Wasrin Syafii yuki Tobimatsu Deni Zulfiana Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts Research Organization for Life Sciences and EnvironmentNational Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Jl.Raya Bogor KM 46CibinongBogor16911Indonesia Department of Forest Product Technology Faculty of ForestryIPB UniversityBogor16680Indonesia Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere Kyoto UniversityUjiKyoto611-0011Japan Research Center for Applied Microbiology Research Organization for Life Sciences and EnvironmentNational Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Jl.Raya Bogor KM 46CibinongBogor16911Indonesia

Tannins are capable of producing natural dyes with antioxidant and antibacterial propertis, while synthetic dyes are commonly used in the textile industry, causing environmental issues like water pollution. This research aims to utilize waste tannins as natural dyes as an alternative to synthetic dyes. This study examined the effect of the extraction method on tannin properties such as phenolic content, antioxidants, and antibacterial activity. In addition, Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography‒Mass Spectrometry (Py-GCMS) analysis was used to identify the effect of extraction temperature on the chemical elucidation of tannin. The effect of tannin concentration was evaluated against four bacteria that are usually found on human skin: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, Propionibacterium acnes , and Staphylococcus aureus . Extraction temperature significantly influences the chemical composition of tannin, which leads to different antioxidant properties. The maximum antibacterial properties of tannin were obtained at 90°C with the inhibition zone in the range of 0.9–1.0 mm against four bacteria, tannin yield of 26.59%, Gallic Acid Equivalents or total phenolic content (GAE) of 40.30 mg/g, and Radical Scavenging Activity or antioxidant activity (RSA) of 89.88%. Moreover, the concentration of tannin was significantly linear with its antibacterial properties. Tannin was successfully applied to the textile by using alum as a mordanting agent to create an antibacterial textile. The textile’s bacterial structure damage was analyzed under Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). After 50 washings, tannin-textiles with alum-modified properties remained stable compared to those without alum, with S. aureus and S. epidermidis being the most vulnerable bacteria, as confirmed by FESEM images. Hence, tannin is a feasible alternative to harmful and nondegradable synthetic dyes and antibacterial agents.

关键词： Acacia mangium tannin antibacterial antioxidant different temperature extraction dyes

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A comparison of the efficacy of dutasteride on reducing lower urinary tract symptoms among patients with small versus large benign prostatic hyperplasia

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Current Urology 2024年第3期18卷 199-202页

作者： Kazuyoshi Shigehara yuki Kato Shohei Kawaguchi Kouji Izumi Yoshifumi Kadono Atsushi Mizokami Department of Urology Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical ScienceKanazawaIshikawaJapan

Background Only a few reports have currently studied the efficacy of dutasteride in patients with small benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).We investigated the efficacy of dutasteride on reducing lower urinary tract symptoms among *** and methods A total of 81 patients with BPH who completed 52weeks of 0.5?mg dutasteride treatment were *** patient filled out the International Prostatic Symptom Score(IPSS)and overactive bladder symptom score(OABSS)at baseline and at the 6-and 12-month follow-up *** testosterone,prostate-specific antigen,adenoma/prostate volume(PV),uroflowmetry analysis,and postvoid residual volume were evaluated at baseline and at the 12-month follow-up *** enrolled patients were divided into 2 groups according to PV at *** groups were as follows:Group A(PV≥30 mL)and Group B(PV<30 mL).Results Groups A and B had mean PVs of 52.1 and 23.6 mL and mean IPSS scores of 16.7 and 14.4,*** A had significantly higher OABSS and prostate-specific antigen levels at baseline than Group B,while no significant differences in any other baseline characteristics was *** dutasteride treatment,adenoma volume and PV decreased significantly,while testosterone level showed a significant increase in both *** A showed significant improvements in the total IPSS,voiding and storage subscore of the IPSS,OABSS,maximum flow rate,and postvoid residual *** B,on the other hand,also showed significant improvements only in the total IPSS,voiding subscore of the IPSS,and maximum flow *** The present study suggests a possible beneficial effect of dutasteride treatment on the reduction of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with small and large ***,the effectiveness of dutasteride was limited compared to patients with large BPH(PV≥30 mL).

关键词： Benign prostatic hyperplasia Dutasteride Lower urinary tract symptoms Testosterone Voiding dysfunction

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Co-infection with Neisseria mucosa in a patient with tuberculous otitis media

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Journal of Otology 2024年第1期19卷 1-4页

作者： Tatsuya Hioki Kazuaki Soejima yuki Goto Makoto Sugiura Takumi Umemura Yoshimi Ishihara Yoshikazu Mutoh Daisuke Sakanashi Hiroshige Mikamo Department of Clinical Laboratory Tosei General Hospital160 Nishioiwake-choSetoAichi489-8642Japan Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Tosei General Hospital160 Nishioiwake-choSetoAichi489-8642Japan Department of Otolaryngology Tosei General Hospital160 Nishioiwake-choSetoAichi489-8642Japan Department of Infection Control Team Tosei General Hospital160 Nishioiwake-choSetoAichi489-8642Japan Department of Infectious Diseases Tosei General Hospital160 Nishioiwake-choSetoAichi489-8642Japan Department of Infection Prevention and Control Aichi Medical University Hospital1-1 YazakokarimataNagakuteAichi480-1195Japan Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases Aichi Medical University1-1 YazakokarimataNagakuteAichi480-1195Japan

Tuberculous otitis media(TOM) is a rare manifestation caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis with low incidence rates among extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases. Diagnosis is often delayed because of the presence of several clinical manifestations and the high prevalence of secondary bacterial infections. Few reports have attributed secondary bacterial infections in patients with TOM to commensal Neisseria. Thus, understanding the pathogenic mechanisms and clinical features of commensal Neisseria is important, considering its recent presentation as an infection-causing pathogen. Neisseria mucosa is a commensal inhabitant in humans and is generally considered non-pathogenic but can cause infection in rare cases. Here, we report an atypical secondary infection caused by Neisseria mucosa in an 81-year-old woman with TOM being treated for pulmonary tuberculosis. Direct purulent otorrhea smear microscopy revealed no acid-fast bacilli using Ziehl-Neelsen staining, whereas the phagocytosis of gram-negative cocci by white blood cells was confirmed using Gram staining. Otorrhea culture revealed the growth of N. mucosa. Subsequently, M. tuberculosis infection in the otorrhea was identified using a culture-based method. Vigilance is critical for the early detection of TOM to prevent further complications. This report raises awareness regarding TOM and provides insight into the pathogenicity of N. mucosa in otitis media.

关键词： Commensal neisseria Miliary tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis Neisseria mucosa Tuberculous otitis media

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