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Record-breaking summer-autumn drought in southern China in 2022:Roles of tropical sea surface temperature and Eurasian warming

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 420-431页

作者： yuepeng HU Botao ZHOU Huijun wang Dapeng ZHANG Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment ChangeNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China

From summer to autumn in 2022,a severe drought lasted in southern China,posing serious effects on economic growth and ecological systems.This study explored the atmospheric circulations accounting for this persistent drought event.It shows that the drought in southern China during the summer of 2022 was strongly linked to the divergence of water vapor flux and descending motions,which were respectively caused by the anomalous anticyclone over the western North Pacific and the northward movement of the East Asian subtropical jet(EASJ).Differently,the atmospheric background responsible for the sustained drought in autumn is manly featured by a cyclonic circulation anomaly over the region from the Bay of Bengal to the South China Sea,which led to decreased moisture and descending motions in southern China.Further investigation suggests that the rarely strong surface warming over northern Eurasia and the extreme La Nina-like pattern over the tropical Pacific jointly resulted in the anomalous anticyclone over the western North Pacific and the northward shift of the EASJ in the summer of 2022,while the cyclonic circulation anomaly prevailing over the region from the Bay of Bengal to the South China Sea in autumn was largely attributed to the extremely negative anomalies of the tropical Indian Ocean sea surface temperature.

关键词： Summer-autumn drought Southern China Tropical sea surface temperature Eurasian warming

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MdbHLH162 connects the gibberellin and jasmonic acid signals to regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in apple

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第2期66卷 265-284页

作者： Jian-Ping An Rui-Rui Xu Xiao-Na wang Xiao-Wei Zhang Chun-Xiang You yuepeng Han Apple technology innovation center of Shandong Province College of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai-An 271018China CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture Wuhan Botanical GardenHubei Hongshan LaboratoryThe Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China College of Biology and Oceanography Weifang UniversityWeifang 261061China

Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites induced by environmental stimuli and developmental signals.The positive regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis have been reported,whereas the anthocyanin repressors have been neglected.Although the signal transduction pathways of gibberellin(GA)and jasmonic acid(JA)and their regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis have been investigated,the cross-talk between GA and JA and the antagonistic mechanism of regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis remain to be investigated.In this study,we identified the anthocyanin repressor MdbHLH162 in apple and revealed its molecular mechanism of regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis by integrating the GA and JA signals.MdbHLH162 exerted passive repression by interacting with MdbHLH3 and MdbHLH33,which are two recognized positive regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis.MdbHLH162 negatively regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis by disrupting the formation of the anthocyanin-activated MdMYB1-MdbHLH3/33complexes and weakening transcriptional activation of the anthocyanin biosynthetic genes MdDFR and MdUF3GT by MdbHLH3 and MdbHLH33.The GA repressor MdRGL2a antagonized MdbHLH162-mediated inhibition of anthocyanins by sequestering MdbHLH162 from the MdbHLH162-MdbHLH3/33 complex.The JA repressors MdJAZ1 and MdJAZ2 interfered with the antagonistic regulation of MdbHLH162 by MdRGL2a by titrating the formation of the MdRGL2a-MdbHLH162 complex.Our findings reveal that MdbHLH162 integrates the GA and JA signals to negatively regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis.This study provides new information for discovering more anthocyanin biosynthesis repressors and explores the cross-talk between hormone signals.

关键词： anthocyanin biosynthesis bHLH transcription factor gibberellin jasmonic acid regulatory network transcriptional regulation

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A study of the soil water potential threshold values to trigger irrigation of ‘Shimizu Hakuto’ peach at pivotal fruit developmental stages

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第2期10卷 376-386页

作者： Yusui Lou yuepeng Han Yubin Miao Hongquan Shang Zhongwei Lv Lei wang Shiping wang Horticulture Reseach Institute Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhouHenan 450002China School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture Wuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubei 430074China School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Water management is an important practice that affects fruit size and quality.Effective implementation of irrigation scheduling requires knowledge of the appropriate indicators and thresholds,which are established manly based on the effects of water deficits on final fruit quality.Few studies have focused on the real-time effects of water status on fruit and shoot growth.To establish soil water potential (ψ_(soil)) thresholds to trigger irrigation of peach at pivotal fruit developmental stages,photogrammetry,^(13)C labelling,and other techniques were used in this study to investigate real-time changes in stem diameter,fruit projected area,net leaf photosynthetic rate (P_(n)),and allocation of photoassimilates to fruit under soil water potential conditions ranging from saturation to stress in 6-year-old Shimizu hakuto’peach.Stem growth,fruit growth,and P_n exhibited gradually decreasing sensitivity to water deficits during fruit developmental stages I,II,and III.Stem diameter growth was significantly inhibited whenψ_(soil)dropped to-8.5,-7.6,and-5.4 k Pa,respectively.Fruit growth rate was low,reaching zero when theψ_(soil)was-9.0 to-23.1,-14.9 to-21.4,and-16.5 to-23.3 k Pa,respectively,and P_ndecreased significantly when theψ_(soil)reached-24.2,-22.7,and-20.4 kPa,respectively.In addition,more photoassimilates were allocated to fruit under moderateψ_(soil)conditions (-10.1 to-17.0 k Pa) than under otherψ_(soil)values.Our results revealed threeψ_(soil)thresholds,-10.0,-15.0,and-15.0 kPa,suitable for triggering irrigation during stages I,II,and III,respectively.These thresholds can be helpful for controlling excessive tree vigor,maintaining rapid fruit growth and leaf photosynthesis,and promoting the allocation of more photoassimilates to fruit.

关键词： Peach Soil water potential Irrigation threshold Fruit expansion Photosynthesis

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Enhanced conductivity and stability of Prussian blue cathodes in sodium-ion batteries by surface vapor-phase molecular selfassembly

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4221-4230页

作者： Tao Yuan Xiaopan Fu Yuan wang Mingjie Li Shuixin Xia yuepeng Pang Shiyou Zheng School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

With many merits such as facile synthesis,economy,and relatively high theoretical capacity,Prussian blue analogs(PBAs)are considered promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).However,their practical applications still suffer from a low actual specific capacity and inferior stability owing to the imperfect crystallinity,irreversible phase transition,and low intrinsic conductivity.Herein,a surface-modification technique for vapor-phase molecular self-assembly was developed to prepare Fe-based PBAs,specifically sodium iron hexacyanoferrate(NaFeHCF),with a uniform conductive polymer protective layer of polypyrrole(PPy)on the surface,resulting in NaFeHCF@PPy.The incorporation of a PPy protective layer not only improves the electronic conductivity of NaFeHCF@PPy,but also effectively mitigates the dissolution of Fe-ions during cycling.Specifically,this advanced vapor-phase technique avoids Fe^(2+)oxidation and Na^(+)loss during liquid-phase surface modification.The NaFeHCF@PPy exhibited a remarkably enhanced cycling performance,with capacity retentions of 85.6%and 69.1%over 500 and 1000 cycles,respectively,at 200 mA/g,along with a superior rate performance up to 5 A/g(fast kinetics).Additionally,by adopting this strategy for Mn-based PBAs(NaMnHCF@PPy),we further demonstrated the universality of this method for PBA cathodes in SIBs.

关键词： sodium-ion battery cathode Prussian blue analogs surface modification vapor-phase molecular self-assembly

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Solvent-Free Synthesis of Self-Healable and Recyclable Crosslinked Polyurethane Based on Dynamic Oxime-Urethane Bonds

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2023年第11期41卷 1725-1732,I0007页

作者： yuepeng wang Lei Yang Luzhi Zhang Hongfei Huang Bo Qian Shijia Gu Zhengwei You State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Institute of Functional MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

Polyurethane is widely used for its versatility in design and range of performance.Self-healing and recyclable dynamic polyurethane networks have attracted extensive attention due to their potential to extend service life and ensure safety in use,as well as to promote sustainable use of resources.Developing green and environment-friendly methods to obtain this material is an interesting and challenging task,as the majority of current dynamic polyurethane networks utilize the solution polymerization method.The use of solvents makes the processes complicated,harmful to environment,and increase the cost.Poly(oxime-urethanes)(POUs)are emerging dynamic polyurethanes and show great potential in diverse fields,such as biomaterials,hot melt adhesives,and flexible electronics.In this study,we utilized the solubility properties of dimethylglyoxime in raw material poly(ethylene glycol)to prepare POUs through bulk polymerization for the first time.This method is simple,convenient and cost-efficient.Simultaneously,copper ion coordination improves POUs strength and dynamic properties,with mechanical strength up from 0.54 MPa to 1.03 MPa and self-healing recovery rate up from 85.5%to 91.8%,and activation energy down from 119.6 k J/mol to 95.4 k J/mol.To demonstrate the application of this technology,self-healing and stretchable circuits are constructed from this dynamic polyurethane network.

关键词： Polyurethane Dynamic covalent bonds Oxime-urethane bonds Self-healing Recycle

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TiO_(2) nanoparticle supported Ru catalyst for chemical upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate to alkanes

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Nano Research 2023年第10期16卷 12223-12229页

作者： Rongxiang Li Wei Zeng Runyao Zhao Yanfei Zhao yuepeng wang Fengtao Zhang Minhao Tang Ying wang Xiaoqian Chang Fengtian Wu Zhimin Liu Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics DepartmentCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular ScienceInstitute of chemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic ChemistryEast China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

Production of fuel and chemicals from plastic waste is one of the effective ways to upcycle spent plastics,which is an interesting topic and of significance for green and sustainable development.Herein,we demonstrate a highly efficient catalyst,TiO_(2)nanoparticle supported Ru nanocatalyst(Ru/TiO_(2)),for upcycling polyethylene terephthalate(PET)to alkanes in the presence of H_(2) and water.Under the optimal conditions(200℃,60 bar H_(2),and small amount of H_(2)O),PET could completely convert into alkanes,dominated with cyclohexane and methane.It was indicated that the strong interaction between the TiO_(2)support and Ru nanoparticles made electrons flow from the TiO_(2)support to the Ru nanoparticles,which thus rendered Ru/TiO_(2)to have ability to simultaneously catalyze PET hydrolysis and intermediate hydrogenation.This work realizes the transformation of PET to alkanes,which provides a promising way to chemically upcycle PET.

关键词： upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate(PET) Ru/TiO_(2) hydrolysis hydrodeoxidation

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Temporally Separated CO_(2) Photoreduction and H_(2)O Photooxidation over Redox-Active Conjugated Organic Polymer Films

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第8期5卷 1854-1865页

作者： Guipeng Ji yuepeng wang Wenqiang Ye Meifang Chen Fengtao Zhang Yanfei Zhao Shengrui Tong Buxing Han Zhimin Liu Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of ColloidInterfaceand ThermodynamicsCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)100190 Beijing University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing School of Science China University of Geosciences100083 Beijing

Photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction with H_(2)O of chemicals without H2 generation is interesting but challenging.Herein,we report temporally separated CO_(2) photoreduction and H_(2)O photooxidation that are achieved over redox-active o-hydroxyazo-based conjugated organic polymer films(HAzo-COPFs),affording CO with high efficiency as the sole reduction product.HAzo-COPFs are prepared via interfacial diazo-coupling reactions of aromatic diamines and diphenols,and HAzo-COPF-1 from 4,4′-biphenol and benzidine shows the best performance with a CO generation rate of 53.6μmol g−1 h−1 under visible-light irradiation(>420 nm).Interestingly,we discovered that diphenol(DP-OH)moieties in HAzo-COPFs,serving as electron and proton donors to participate in CO_(2) photoreduction,are oxidized into quinone(DP=O)moieties,which are subsequently photoreduced to regenerate DP-OH in H_(2)O photooxidation.Consequently,CO_(2) photoreduction and H_(2)O photooxidation are temporally separated and perfectly coupled via redox transformation between DP-OH and DP=O that form in situ,affording enhanced charge carrier separation and inhibiting the hydrogen evolution reaction.This work provides new insights for the design of COP photocatalysts and artificial photosynthesis.

关键词： CO_(2)photoreduction conjugated organic polymers carbon monoxide redox transformation artificial photosynthesis

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Assessment of tree-ring mercury radial translocation and age effect in Masson pine:Implications for historical atmospheric mercury reconstruction

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 266-276页

作者： Xu Liu Xun wang Dingyong wang College of Resources and Environment Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China

The tree ring has been regarded as an emerging archive to reconstruct historical atmospheric mercury(Hg)trends,but with the large knowledge gaps in the reliability.In this study,we comprehensively evaluated the Hg source,radial translocation and age effect of Masson pine(Pinus massoniana)tree ring at Mt.Jinyun in Chongqing,to assess the suitability of such tree ring as the archive of atmospheric Hg.Results showed that distinct variabilities among Masson pine tree-ring Hg concentration profiles.The Hg concentration significantly increased along with stem height(P<0.05),indicating the Hg in tree rings mainly derived from foliage uptake atmospheric Hg.We found a distinct age effect that the tree ring of young trees had the higher Hg concentration.Besides,we used the advection-diffusion model to demonstrate how Hg concentration shifted by the advection or/and diffusion in tree rings.The modeling results showed that the advection induced radial translocation during the young growth period of tree was a plausible mechanism to result in the tree-ring Hg record largely different from the trend of anthropogenic Hg emissions in Chongqing.We finally suggest that in further Hg dendrochemistry,better discarding the tree-ring Hg profile of the young growth period to reduce impacts of the radial translocation and age effect.

关键词： Masson pine Tree-ring mercury Radial translocation Tree age effect

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Pushing the boundaries: an interview with Dae-Hyun Kim on terahertz devices

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 42-45页

作者： Defu wang the Center for Carbon-based Electronics School of Electronics Peking University

Ⅲ–Ⅴ compound semiconductors, such as InGaAs/InAlAs, exhibit exceptional carrier transport properties, establishing them as fundamental elements in terahertz(THz) applications crucial for the development of 6G netwo...

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Enrichment of anammox biomass during mainstream wastewater treatment driven by achievement of partial denitrification through the addition of bio-carriers

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 181-194页

作者： Yuqing Ma Bo wang Xiaodi Li Shuo wang Wen wang Yongzhen Peng National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology Engineering Research Center of BeijingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Anammox is widely considered as the most cost-effective and sustainable process for nitrogen removal.However,how to achieve the enrichment of anammox biomass remains a challenge for its large-scale application,especially in mainstream wastewater treatment.In this study,the feasibility of enrichment of anammox biomass was explored through the realization of partial denitrification and the addition of bio-carriers.By using ordinary activated sludge,a sequencing batch reactor(SBR)followed by an up-fow anaerobic sludge bed(UASB)was operated at 25±2℃ for 214 days.The long-term operation was divided into five phases,in which SBR and UASB were started-up in Phases I and II,respectively.By eliminating oxygen and adjusting the infow ratios in Phases III-V,advanced nitrogen removal was achieved with the effuent total nitrogen being 4.7 mg/L and the nitrogen removal efficiency being 90.5%in Phase V.Both in-situ and ex-situ activity tests demonstrated the occurrence of partial denitrification and anammox.Moreover,16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that Candidatus Brocadia was enriched from below the detection limit to in biofilms(0.4%in SBR,2.2%in UASB)and the foc sludge(0.2%in SBR,1.3%in UASB),while Thauera was mainly detected in the foc sludge(8.1%in SBR,8.8%in UASB),which might play a key role in partial denitrification.Overall,this study provides a novel strategy to enrich anammox biomass driven by rapid achievement of partial denitrification through the addition of bio-carriers,which will improve large-scale application of anammox processes in mainstream wastewater treatment.

关键词： Enrichment Anammox biomass Bio-carriers Partial denitrification Mainstream wastewater

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