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Adverse effects of exposure to fine particles and ultrafine particles in the environment on different organs of organisms

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 449-473页

作者： Jianwei Zhang zhao Chen Dan Shan Yang Wu yue zhao Chen Li yue Shu Xiaoyu Linghu Baiqi Wang Department of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300070China Department of Medical Tianjin Stomatological HospitalSchool of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjin 300041China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment Nutrition and Public HealthTianjin 300070China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preventive Medicine Education(Tianjin Medical University) Tianjin 300070China

Particulate pollution is a global risk factor that seriously threatens human health.Fine particles(FPs)and ultrafine particles(UFPs)have small particle diameters and large specific surface areas,which can easily adsorb metals,microorganisms and other pollutants.FPs and UFPs can enter the human body in multiple ways and can be easily and quickly absorbed by the cells,tissues and organs.In the body,the particles can induce oxidative stress,inflammatory response and apoptosis,furthermore causing great adverse effects.Epidemiological studies mainly take the population as the research object to study the distribution of diseases and health conditions in a specific population and to focus on the identification of influencing factors.However,the mechanism by which a substance harms the health of organisms is mainly demonstrated through toxicological studies.Combining epidemiological studies with toxicological studies will provide a more systematic and comprehensive understanding of the impact of PM on the health of organisms.In this review,the sources,compositions,and morphologies of FPs and UFPs are briefly introduced in the first part.The effects and action mechanisms of exposure to FPs and UFPs on the heart,lungs,brain,liver,spleen,kidneys,pancreas,gastrointestinal tract,joints and reproductive system are systematically summarized.In addition,challenges are further pointed out at the end of the paper.This work provides useful theoretical guidance and a strong experimental foundation for investigating and preventing the adverse effects of FPs and UFPs on human health.

关键词： Fine particles Ultrafine particles Organs Adverse effect

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CuInS_(2)quantum-dot-modified g-C_(3)N_(4)S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst for hydrogen production and tetracycline degradation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第5期172卷 145-155页

作者： Jingjing Zhang yue zhao Kezhen Qi Shu-yuan Liu College of Pharmacy Dali UniversityDali 671000China Department of Pharmacology Shenyang Medical CollegeShenyang 110034China

CuInS_(2)quantum-dot(CIS QD)-modified g-C_(3)N_(4)(CN)catalysts(CIS/CN)were prepared with the aid of an in-situ growth process.The as-obtained photocatalysts were explored by measuring their crystallinity,surface morphology,binding energy and light absorption activity.The photocatalytic efficiency of the pho-tocatalysts was evaluated through photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production and tetracycline(TC)antibiotic degradation under the simulated solar light and visible light respectively.The optimized sample(10CIS/CN)showed the best photocatalytic activity:producing 102.4μmol g^(-1)h^(-1)of hydrogen in 1 h,or degrading 52.16%of TC in 120 min,which were respectively 48 or 3.4 times higher than the photocatalytic activity of CN itself.The enhancement in the efficiency of the composite system was prin-cipally accredited to the enlargement of light absorption,the more effective in charge transfer and the dropping of the charge carrier pair recombination through a formed S-scheme heterojunctional interface.This work is an effort to adjust CN-based polysulfide QD for speedy photocatalysis.The enriched photo-catalytic activity grants a new sense for adjusting the optical properties of CN.

关键词： CuInS_(2)QDs g-C_(3)N_(4) Photocatalysis Hydrogen production S-scheme heterojunction

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Smart Gait:A Gait Optimization Framework for Hexapod Robots

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第1期37卷 146-159页

作者： Yunpeng Yin Feng Gao Qiao Sun yue zhao Yuguang Xiao State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Lenovo Corporation ShanghaiChina AI Institute School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The current gait planning for legged robots is mostly based on human presets,which cannot match the flexible characteristics of natural mammals.This paper proposes a gait optimization framework for hexapod robots called Smart Gait.Smart Gait contains three modules:swing leg trajectory optimization,gait period&duty optimization,and gait sequence optimization.The full dynamics of a single leg,and the centroid dynamics of the overall robot are considered in the respective modules.The Smart Gait not only helps the robot to decrease the energy consumption when in locomotion,mostly,it enables the hexapod robot to determine its gait pattern transitions based on its current state,instead of repeating the formalistic clock-set step cycles.Our Smart Gait framework allows the hexapod robot to behave nimbly as a living animal when in 3D movements for the first time.The Smart Gait framework combines offline and online optimizations without any fussy data-driven training procedures,and it can run efficiently on board in real-time after deployment.Various experiments are carried out on the hexapod robot LittleStrong.The results show that the energy consumption is reduced by 15.9%when in locomotion.Adaptive gait patterns can be generated spontaneously both in regular and challenge environments,and when facing external interferences.

关键词： Gait optimization Swing trajectory optimization Legged robot Hexapod robot

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Recent research progress in the mechanism and suppression of fusion welding-induced liquation cracking of nickel based superalloys

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 1072-1088页

作者： Zongli Yi Jiguo Shan yue zhao Zhenlin Zhang Aiping Wu Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100091China State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology Ministry of EducationBeijing 100084China School of Material Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

Nickel-based superalloys are extensively used in the crucial hot-section components of industrial gas turbines,aeronautics,and astronautics because of their excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance at high temperatures.Fusion welding serves as an effective means for joining and repairing these alloys;however,fusion welding-induced liquation cracking has been a challenging issue.This paper comprehensively reviewed recent liquation cracking,discussing the formation mechanisms,cracking criteria,and remedies.In recent investigations,regulating material composition,changing the preweld heat treatment of the base metal,optimizing the welding process parameters,and applying auxiliary control methods are effective strategies for mitigating cracks.To promote the application of nickel-based superalloys,further research on the combination impact of multiple elements on cracking prevention and specific quantitative criteria for liquation cracking is necessary.

关键词： nickel-based superalloy fusion welding liquation cracking cracking mechanism cracking suppression

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Geometry characteristics and wide temperature behavior of silicon-based GaN surface acoustic wave resonators with ultrahigh quality factor

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 267-278页

作者： Guofang YU Renrong LIANG Haiming zhao Lei XIAO Jie CUI yue zhao Wenpu CUI Jing WANG Jun XU Jun FU Tianling REN School of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science Technology Tsinghua University

Surface acoustic wave(SAW) resonators with an ultrahigh Q-factor are designed and fabricated on silicon-based gallium nitride(GaN/Si). The temperature-dependent performance is characterized over a wide range, from 10 to 500 K. Finite element analysis is employed to guide the design of the SAW resonator from indications of the Rayleigh mode and weak propagation direction dependence of SAW in the c-plane of GaN/Si. The SAW resonator with 100 pairs of interdigital transducers(IDT), 100 pairs of grating reflectors(GR) for each side, aperture size of 80 μm, metallization ratio of 0.5, and electrode width of 500 nm resonates at 1.9133 GHz accordingly with an ultrahigh Q-factor of 7622 at room temperature, which contributes the fr× Qr, up to 14.583×1012Hz. A resonator operating over 10 to 500 K indicates an approximately linear decreasing temperature dependence above 280 K while being approximately constant below 40 K. The fitting to resonator characteristics using the modified Butterworth Van Dyke(m BVD) model reveals a reduction in both the electrode and mechanical losses while worsening the dielectric loss with cooling down.

关键词： GaN/Si SAW resonator ultrahigh Q-factor temperature-dependent performance mBVD losses

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Eubacterium coprostanoligenes alleviates chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by enhancing intestinal mucus barrier

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1677-1692页

作者： Dongsheng Bai Jiawei zhao Runde Wang Jiaying Du Chen Zhou Chunyang Gu Yuxiang Wang Lulu Zhang yue zhao Na Lu State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and InterventionDepartment of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medicine and Clinical PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China Department of Clinical Pharmacology School of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

Chemotherapy-induced mucositis represents a severe adverse outcome of cancer treatment,significantly curtailing the efficacy of these treatments and,in some cases,resulting in fatal conse-quences.Despite identifying intestinal epithelial cell damage as a key factor in chemotherapy-induced mucositis,the paucity of effective treatments for such damage is evident.In our study,we discovered that Eubacterium coprostanoligenes promotes mucin secretion by goblet cells,thereby fortifying the integrity of the intestinal mucus barrier.This enhanced barrier function serves to resist microbial invasion and sub-sequently reduces the inflammatory response.Importantly,this effect remains unobtrusive to the anti-tumor efficacy of chemotherapy drugs.Mechanistically,E.copr up-regulates the expression of AUF1,leading to the stabilization of Muc2 mRNA and an increase in mucin synthesis in goblet cells.An espe-cially significant finding is that E.copr activates the AhR pathway,thereby promoting the expression of AUF1.In summary,our results strongly indicate that E.copr enhances the intestinal mucus barrier,effec-tively alleviating chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by activating the AhR/AUFl pathway,consequently enhancing Muc2 mRNA stability.

关键词： Chemotherapy Mucositis Eubacterium coprostanoligenes MUC2 AUF1

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Copper-catalyzed conjugate addition of allene-derived nucleophiles to alkenyl-substituted carboxamides

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 239-242页

作者： Bin Fu yue zhao Xiuping Yuan Yanfei Li Jianjun Yin Simin Wang Tao Xiong Qian Zhang Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design&Synthesis Department of ChemistryNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130012China

Catalytic Michael addition reaction represents a fundamental importance in organic synthetic chemistry.Whereas corresponding conversions toward intrinsically low reactive enamide remains an ongoing challenging.We herein report a copper-catalyzed conjugate addition of allenes toβ-substituted alkenyl amides,one of the most challenging Michael acceptors.The present method utilizes readily available allenes as the latent carbon-based nucleophiles and simple,commonβ-substituted alkenyl amides as starting materials,unlike previous methods that usually preinstall an activating group to improve the reactivity of amide or uses highly reactive stoichiometric quantities of organometallics.Hence,this approach shows good functional group compatibility and can be implemented under mild reaction conditions with excellent level of chemo-and regioselectivities.

关键词： CuH catalysis Allenes Unsaturated amide Conjugate addition Regioselectivity

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Assessment on gas-polyethylene terephthalate solid interface partial discharge properties of C4F7N/CO_(2)gas mixture for eco-friendly gas insulating transformer

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High Voltage 2024年第1期9卷 35-45页

作者： Song Xiao Yifan Wang Chenhua Ren Haoran Xia yue zhao Jingzi Qin Xiaoxing Zhang Yi Luo Yi Li State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection School of Electrical Engineering and AutomationWuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina Beijing International S&T Cooperation Base for Plasma Science and Energy Conversion Institute of Electrical EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina State Grid Anhui Electric Power Company Anhui Electric Power Research Institute HefeiAnhuiChina Hubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHubei University of TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina

The eco-friendly insulating gas perfluoroisobutyronitrile(C_(4)F_(7)N)is potentially used in gas-insulated transformers(GIT)to replace sulphur hexafluoride(SF_(6)).However,evaluation of the long-term insulation reliability and gas–solid interface discharge decomposition characteristics of the gas–solid film insulation structure in GIT is indispensable.The authors simulated the gas–solid film insulation structure in GIT and explored the interface partial discharge(PD)characteristics of C4F7N/CO_(2)gas mixture with polyethylene terephthalate(PET).The effect of gas pressure,mixing ratio on gas–solid interface gas decomposition,PET degradation was investigated,and the interaction mechanism was analysed.It is found that the interface PD generated three degradation regions on a PET film.The gas–solid interface reaction in the electrode contact region and the discharge development trace was significantly higher than that of halation region.The content of gas decomposition products decreases with the increase of gas pressure and the PD intensity of SF6-PET is inferior to that of C_(4)F_(7)N/CO_(2)under the same condition.Relevant results provide reference for the development and application of C_(4)F_(7)N/CO_(2)based GIT.

关键词： interface solid insulation

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Bioinspired Multifunctional Self-Sensing Actuated Gradient Hydrogel for Soft-Hard Robot Remote Interaction

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 139-152页

作者： He Liu Haoxiang Chu Hailiang Yuan Deliang Li Weisi Deng Zhiwei Fu Ruonan Liu Yiying Liu Yixuan Han Yanpeng Wang yue zhao Xiaoyu Cui Ye Tian College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110169People’s Republic of China Foshan Graduate School of Innovation Northeastern UniversityFoshan 528300People’s Republic of China

The development of bioinspired gradient hydrogels with self-sensing actuated capabilities for remote interaction with soft-hard robots remains a challenging endeavor. Here, we propose a novel multifunctional self-sensing actuated gradient hydrogel that combines ultrafast actuation and high sensitivity for remote interaction with robotic hand. The gradient network structure, achieved through a wettability difference method involving the rapid precipitation of MoO_(2) nanosheets, introduces hydrophilic disparities between two sides within hydrogel. This distinctive approach bestows the hydrogel with ultrafast thermo-responsive actuation(21° s^(-1)) and enhanced photothermal efficiency(increase by 3.7 ℃ s^(-1) under 808 nm near-infrared). Moreover, the local cross-linking of sodium alginate with Ca^(2+) endows the hydrogel with programmable deformability and information display capabilities. Additionally, the hydrogel exhibits high sensitivity(gauge factor 3.94 within a wide strain range of 600%), fast response times(140 ms) and good cycling stability. Leveraging these exceptional properties, we incorporate the hydrogel into various soft actuators, including soft gripper, artificial iris, and bioinspired jellyfish, as well as wearable electronics capable of precise human motion and physiological signal detection. Furthermore, through the synergistic combination of remarkable actuation and sensitivity, we realize a self-sensing touch bioinspired tongue. Notably, by employing quantitative analysis of actuation-sensing, we realize remote interaction between soft-hard robot via the Internet of Things. The multifunctional self-sensing actuated gradient hydrogel presented in this study provides a new insight for advanced somatosensory materials, self-feedback intelligent soft robots and human–machine interactions.

关键词： Self-sensing Gradient structure Bioinspired actuator Hydrogel sensor Remote interaction

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Dynamically switchable porphyrin-based molecular tweezer for on-off fullerene recognition

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 283-287页

作者： Zhimin Sun Xin-Hui Guo yue zhao Qing-Yu Meng Li-Juan Xing He-Lue Sun College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional MoleculesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China

Herein,a novel molecular tweezer based on 2,2'-bipyridine-bridged porphyrin subunits was constructed for efficient fullerenes recognition.The syn conformation of the molecule,which was obtained by Zn(Ⅱ)coordination,gives rise to a proper cavity to interact with fullerene guests to form a stable 1:1 complex in toluene solution.It exhibits distinct binding selectivity towards C_(60)over C_(70).Moreover,the fullerene recognition capacity can be adequately suppressed by importing H_(2)PO_(4)^(-)to competitively capture Zn(Ⅱ)along with syn-anti conformational conversion.Subsequently,the molecular tweezer regenerated to bind the fullerene by introducing the Ca^(2+)into the system.Significantly,the association-disassociation process can be switched reversibly and repeatedly.

关键词： Molecular tweezer Fullerene recognition Supramolecular chemistry Conformation conversion Coordination

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