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Dietary Epimedium extract supplementation improves intestinal functions and alters gut microbiota in broilers

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第4期14卷 1584-1597页

作者： Jiaqi Zhang Haitao Yu Huiyan Zhang qingyu Zhao Wei Si yuchang qin Junmin Zhang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences100193 BeijingChina Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences100193 BeijingChina.

Background Growth-promoting antibiotics have been banned by law in the livestock and poultry breeding industry in many *** alternatives to antibiotics have been investigated for using in ***(EM)is an herb rich in flavonoids that has many beneficial effects on ***,this study was planned to explore the potential of EM as a new alternative antibiotic product in animal *** A total of 7201-day-old male broilers(Arbor Acres Plus)were randomly divided into six groups and fed basal diet(normal control;NC),basal diet supplemented with antibiotic(75 mg/kg chlortetracycline;CTC),and basal diet supplemented with 100,200,400 or 800 mg/kg EM extract for 6 weeks(EM100,EM200,EM400 and EM800 groups).The growth performance at weeks 3 and 6 was ***,intestinal tissue and feces were collected to assay for antioxidant indexes,intestinal permeability,lactic acid and short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)profiles,microbial composition,and expression of intestinal barrier *** The average daily feed intake in CTC group at 1-21 d was significantly higher than that in the NC group,and had no statistical difference with EM *** with NC group,average daily gain in CTC and EM200 groups increased significantly at 1-21 and 1-42 *** with NC group,EM200 and EM400 groups had significantly decreased levels of lipopolysaccharide and D-lactic acid in serum throughout the *** concentrations of lactic acid,acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid and SCFAs in feces of birds fed 200 mg/kg EM diet were significantly higher than those fed *** dietary supplementation of chlortetracycline and 200 mg/kg EM significantly increased ileal expression of SOD1,Claudin-1 and ZO-1 *** supplemented with 200 mg/kg EM increased the relative abundances of g_NK4A214_group and Lactobacillus in the jejunal,while the relative abundances of Microbacterium,Kitasatospora,Bacteroides in the jejunal and Gallibacterium

关键词： Antioxidation Broilers Epimedium Growth performance Microbiota

A new single-cell protein from Clostridium autoethanogenum as a functional protein for largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 99-110页

作者： Shifeng Ma Xiaofang Liang Pei Chen Jie Wang Xu Gu yuchang qin Christophe Blecker Min Xue National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center Institute of Feed ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China Institute of Animal Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China Food Science and Formulation University of LiegeGembloux Agro-Bio TechAvenue de la Faculte d’Agronomie2BB-5030GemblouxBelgium

Clostridium autoethanogenum protein(CAP)is a new single-cell protein source originating from inactivated *** in vitro digestion experiment and an 8-wk growth experiment were conducted to evaluate the molecular weight distribution of the CAP hydrolysate,and the effects of dietary CAP levels on the growth performance,plasma parameters,hepatic and intestinal health,and the diversity of gutadherent microbiota of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides).The fish(initial body weight of 47.99±0.01 g)were fed diets where CAP gradually replaced 0%(CAP0),12.5%(CAP12.5),25%(CAP25),37.5%(CAP37.5)and 50%(CAP50)of low-temperature steam dried anchovy fish meal(LTFM)in the *** showed that the content of peptides below 1,000 Da in the CAP hydrolysate(0.56 mg/mL)was higher than that of the LTFM hydrolysate(0.48 mg/mL).Dietary CAP inclusion had no negative effect on growth performance,while whole-body lipid content significantly reduced in the CAP25 and CAP50 groups(P<0.05).The plasma alanine aminotransferase activities and triglyceride concentrations in the CAP inclusion groups were significantly lower than those in the CAP0 group(P<0.05).The plasma aspartate aminotransferase activity was significantly reduced in the CAP37.5 group(P<0.05).The richness and diversity of the gut-adhesive microbiota and the proportion of Clostridium sensu stricto 12 in the CAP50 group were significantly higher than those in the CAP0 group(P<0.05).Dietary CAP inclusion inhibited inflammatory responses by down-regulating the mRNA levels of interleukin 1b(IL1b),IL10 and transforming growth factor b1(P<0.05)in the *** mRNA levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 were significantly down-regulated in the CAP12.5,CAP25 and CAP37.5 groups(P<0.05),while that of fatty acid synthase was significantly down-regulated in the CAP50 group(P<0.05).These results demonstrate that dietary CAP inclusion could improve the hepatic and intestinal health of largemouth bass,and can be helpful to further develop CA

关键词： Clostridium autoethanogenum protein Micropterus salmoides Growth Lipid metabolism Hepatic and intestinal health Gut-adherent microbiota

Carotenoid enrichment in eggs:From biochemistry perspective

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第3期14卷 315-333页

作者： Dieudonne M.Dansou Huiyan Zhang Yanan Yu Hao Wang Chaohua Tang qingyu Zhao yuchang qin Junmin Zhang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

The emergence of safe and functional eggs for consumer acceptance has gained *** production of carotenoid-enriched eggs has received attention due to its multifunctional biological *** modification of laying hens’diet can be a strategy to produce such *** review presents the chemistry of carotenoids in nature and eggs,the accumulation process of carotenoids into eggs,and the functions of carotenoids in *** findings showed that carotenoids can be deposited into the egg and contribute to improving its nutritive *** biosynthesis,chemical structure,and metabolism pathways of carotenoids lead to the deposition of carotenoids into eggs in their original or metabolized ***,some factors modulate the efficiency of carotenoids in fowls before accumulation into ***-enriched eggs may be promising,ensuring the availability of highly nutritive ***,further studies are still needed to comprehend the full metabolism process and the extensive functions of carotenoids in eggs.

关键词： Egg enrichment Egg fortification Carotenoid chemistry Bioavailability Metabolism Function

Gluconeogenesis during starvation and refeeding phase is affected by previous dietary carbohydrates levels and a glucose stimuli during early life in Siberian sturgeon(Acipenser baerii)

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第3期3卷 284-294页

作者： Xiaofang Liang Jia Wang Guan Gong Min Xue Yingchao Dong Xiufeng Wu Xin Wang Chunshan Chen Xufang Liang yuchang qin National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Station Feed Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture Feed Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing Aquatic Wildlife Rescue and Conservation Center College of Fisheries Huazhong Agricultural University Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Gluconeogenesis responses was assessed during a short starvation period and subsequent refeeding in Siberian sturgeon(Acipenser baerii) previously fed different dietary carbohydrates levels and experienced to a glucose stimuli during early life. The sturgeon larvae were previously fed either a high glucose diet(G) or a low glucose diet(F) from the first feeding to yolk absorption(8 to 12 d post-hatching [dph]). Each group of fish was sub-divided into 2 treatments at 13 dph and was fed either a high-carbohydrate diet(H) or a low carbohydrate diet(L) until 20 wk. In the current study, the fish in 4 groups(GL, FL, GH and FH) were experienced to starvation for 21 d following by re-feeding of their corresponding diets for 21 *** were sampled at postprandial 6 and 24 h before starvation(P6 h and P24 h), starvation 7,14 and 21 d(S7, S14 and S21) and 1, 7,14 and 21 d during refeeding(R1, R7, R14 and R21). Plasma samples during refeeding were taken at P6 h at each time point. Glycaemia levels, liver and muscle glycogen contents,activities and mRNA levels of hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes were examined. We found that both dietary carbohydrate levels and early glucose stimuli significantly affected the metabolic responses to starvation and refeeding in Siberian sturgeon(P < 0.05). During prolonged starvation, Siberian sturgeon firstly mobilized the liver glycogen and then improved gluconeogenesis when the dietary carbohydrates were abundant, whereas preserved the liver glycogen stores at a stable level and more effectively promoted gluconeogenesis when the dietary carbohydrates are absent to maintain glucose *** refeeding, as most teleostean, Siberian sturgeon failed controlling the activities and mRNA levels of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase cytosolic forms(PEPCK-C), fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase(FBPase),but particularly controlled phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase mitochondrial forms(PEPCK-M) activities and mRNA expression of glucose-6-phosphatase(G6 Pase,

关键词： Early nutritional programming Fasting Refeeding Gluconeogenesis Acipenser baeri

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保险消费者权利保护体系探析

区域金融研究 2014年第5期 42-45页

作者：覃妤嫦中国保险监督管理委员会广西监管局广西南宁530028

在理论界仍然对是否存在"金融消费者"概念等基本问题争执不下的时候,2013年10月26新消法通过。这次法律修订,捅破了最后一层窗户纸,金融消费者保护体系构建迫在眉睫。本文探讨四个相互关联的问题:保险服务对象是"保险消费者"还是"保险... 详细信息

在理论界仍然对是否存在"金融消费者"概念等基本问题争执不下的时候,2013年10月26新消法通过。这次法律修订,捅破了最后一层窗户纸,金融消费者保护体系构建迫在眉睫。本文探讨四个相互关联的问题:保险服务对象是"保险消费者"还是"保险投资者",消费者权益保护法能否简单适用于保险行业,现有保险消费者保护法律体系存在什么问题,以及如何完善保险消费者权益保护体系。

关键词：保险消费者保险消费者权利保护体系适当性

近红外光谱分析技术在饲料质量安全评价中的应用研究进展

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农业工程学报 2006年第11期22卷 264-268页

作者：李辉秦玉昌吕小文李军国杨海峰中国农业科学院饲料研究所饲料工程技术研究室北京100081

近红外光谱分析技术是饲料质量安全控制中不可或缺的一种技术,它不仅能够较准确的测定饲料产品营养价值的各相关参数指标,而且能科学的分析配合饲料的原料组成和来源,应用于饲料安全溯源管理;同时,利用近红外光谱分析技术获取强特异性... 详细信息

近红外光谱分析技术是饲料质量安全控制中不可或缺的一种技术,它不仅能够较准确的测定饲料产品营养价值的各相关参数指标,而且能科学的分析配合饲料的原料组成和来源,应用于饲料安全溯源管理;同时,利用近红外光谱分析技术获取强特异性的个性特征信息,可用于完善饲料产品注册系统。本文综述了近红外光谱分析技术在饲料质量安全评价方面的应用研究成果,以便使该技术更好的为饲料行业质量安全控制服务。

关键词：近红外光谱饲料质量安全个性特征信息

ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸营养强化鸡蛋储存期稳定性的研究进展

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动物营养学报 2020年第7期32卷 2959-2965页

作者：王浩赵青余张军民秦玉昌中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所动物营养学国家重点实验室北京100193 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所农业农村部华北动物遗传资源与营养科学观测实验站北京100193

3多不饱和脂肪酸(ω-3 PUFA)营养强化鸡蛋对居民的健康饮食具有重要意义。通过营养调控方式,可高效稳定地生产出ω-3 PUFA营养强化鸡蛋。但因ω-3 PUFA的不饱和键易发生脂质氧化,会加速储存期鸡蛋的变质和ω-3 PUFA损失,影响其营养价值... 详细信息

3多不饱和脂肪酸(ω-3 PUFA)营养强化鸡蛋对居民的健康饮食具有重要意义。通过营养调控方式,可高效稳定地生产出ω-3 PUFA营养强化鸡蛋。但因ω-3 PUFA的不饱和键易发生脂质氧化,会加速储存期鸡蛋的变质和ω-3 PUFA损失,影响其营养价值和经济价值。如何保证鸡蛋储存期品质及ω-3 PUFA含量已成为生产ω-3 PUFA营养强化鸡蛋的新问题。本文在简述ω-3 PUFA营养强化鸡蛋脂肪酸特点的基础上,围绕储存期ω-3 PUFA营养强化鸡蛋的蛋品质和脂质变化规律,以及提高储存期ω-3 PUFA稳定性的措施进行综述,以期为解决ω-3PUFA营养强化鸡蛋的储存问题提供借鉴。

关键词：鸡蛋蛋品质 ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸储存期抗氧化物

“牛乳与大豆”双蛋白运动营养功能的研究进展

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中国食品学报 2015年第6期15卷 154-161页

作者：任广旭伊素芹卢林纲秦玉昌王靖农业部食物与营养发展研究所中国农业科学院双蛋白工程技术研究中心北京100081

运动和衰老是导致肌肉功能受损和减退的两大诱因。研究表明早期营养干预能够逆转肌肉功能。目前,乳清蛋白促进肌肉蛋白合成已在分子水平得到证实,然而其蛋白消化吸收效率高,不能长期并有效地促进肌肉蛋白合成。最近研究发现大豆蛋白与... 详细信息

运动和衰老是导致肌肉功能受损和减退的两大诱因。研究表明早期营养干预能够逆转肌肉功能。目前,乳清蛋白促进肌肉蛋白合成已在分子水平得到证实,然而其蛋白消化吸收效率高,不能长期并有效地促进肌肉蛋白合成。最近研究发现大豆蛋白与牛乳蛋白组成的双蛋白具有混合消化吸收效率,能维持外周血中必需氨基酸,尤其是支链氨基酸的有效供给,进而能有效促进肌肉蛋白合成。此外,双蛋白兼顾动、植物蛋白双重营养优势,通过营养协同互补来全面地改善人体机能,促进人类健康。

关键词：乳清蛋白大豆分离蛋白双蛋白运动营养消化吸收率

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颗粒饲料淀粉糊化度的快速检测方法

农业工程学报 2008年第12期24卷 249-253页

作者：王海东董致远吕小文李军国秦玉昌中国农业科学院饲料研究所饲料工程技术研究室北京100081 新疆兽药饲料监察所乌鲁木齐830063

淀粉糊化度是评价颗粒饲料加工质量的重要指标,直接影响畜禽吸收利用饲料中能量物质的效率,进而影响饲料的转化效率和畜禽生长状态。该文建立了颗粒饲料淀粉糊化度的两种快速检测方法,其中近红外光谱分析方法(NIRS)检测淀粉糊化度的定... 详细信息

淀粉糊化度是评价颗粒饲料加工质量的重要指标,直接影响畜禽吸收利用饲料中能量物质的效率,进而影响饲料的转化效率和畜禽生长状态。该文建立了颗粒饲料淀粉糊化度的两种快速检测方法,其中近红外光谱分析方法(NIRS)检测淀粉糊化度的定标和验证模型的决定系数(R2)分别为0.8759和0.9608;而快速黏度分析法(RVA)预测淀粉糊化度的定标和验证模型的决定系数分别为0.8025和0.8746。试验结果表明近红外光谱分析技术和快速黏度分析法均可快速且较准确地预测颗粒饲料的淀粉糊化度,在一定程度上能较好地满足实时监测饲料加工过程淀粉糊化程度、实现颗粒饲料精细加工的需要。

关键词：淀粉近红外光谱分析方法糊化度快速黏度分析法