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Challenges and exploration for immunotherapies targeting cold colorectal cancer

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第1期15卷 55-68页

作者： Dan-Dan Li yuan-ling tang Xin Wang Department of Abdominal Oncology/Radiation Oncology Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina

In recent years,immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)have made significant breakthroughs in the treatment of various tumors,greatly improving clinical *** the fifth most common antitumor treatment strategy for patients with solid tumors after surgery,chemotherapy,radiotherapy and targeted therapy,the therapeutic response to ICIs largely depends on the number and spatial distribution of effector T cells that can effectively identify and kill tumor cells,features that are also important when distinguishing malignant tumors from“cold tumors”or“hot tumors”.At present,only a small proportion of colorectal cancer(CRC)patients with deficient mismatch repair(dMMR)or who are microsatellite instability-high(MSI-H)can benefit from ICI treatments because these patients have the characteristics of a“hot tumor”,with a high tumor mutational burden(TMB)and massive immune cell infiltration,making the tumor more easily recognized by the immune *** contrast,a majority of CRC patients with proficient MMR(pMMR)or who are microsatellite stable(MSS)have a low TMB,lack immune cell infiltration,and have almost no response to immune monotherapy;thus,these tumors are“cold”.The greatest challenge today is how to improve the immunotherapy response of“cold tumor”*** the development of clinical research,immunotherapies combined with other treatment strategies(such as targeted therapy,chemotherapy,and radiotherapy)have now become potentially effective clinical strategies and research ***,the question of how to promote the transformation of“cold tumors”to“hot tumors”and break through the bottleneck of immunotherapy for cold tumors in CRC patients urgently requires *** by developing an in-depth understanding of the immunotherapy mechanisms of cold CRCs can we screen out the immunotherapy-dominant groups and explore the most suitable treatment options for individuals to improve therapeutic efficacy.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Immune checkpoint inhibitors Cold tumors Immunotherapy mechanism Combination therapy Effector T cells

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Resistance to targeted therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer:Current status and new developments

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第6期29卷 926-948页

作者： yuan-ling tang Dan-Dan Li Jia-Yu Duan Lei-Ming Sheng Xin Wang Department of Radiation Oncology Cancer CenterWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Abdominal Cancer Cancer CenterWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most lethal and common malignancies in the *** has been the conventional treatment for metastatic CRC(mCRC)***,the effects of chemotherapy have been *** the advent of targeted therapy,the survival of patients with CRC have been *** the past 20 years,targeted therapy for CRC has achieved substantial ***,targeted therapy has the same challenge of drug resistance as ***,exploring the resistance mechanism and finding strategies to address the resistance to targeted therapy,along with searching for novel effective regimens,is a constant challenge in the mCRC treatment,and it is also a hot research *** this review,we focus on the current status on resistance to existing targeted therapies in mCRC and discuss future developments.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Targeted treatment Resistance New development

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Multi-instance partial-label learning: towards exploiting dual inexact supervision

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 48-61页

作者： Wei tang Weijia ZHANG Min-ling ZHANG School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration (Southeast University) Ministry of Education School of Information and Physical Sciences The University of Newcastle

Weakly supervised machine learning algorithms are able to learn from ambiguous samples or labels, e.g., multi-instance learning or partial-label learning. However, in some real-world tasks, each training sample is associated with not only multiple instances but also a candidate label set that contains one groundtruth label and some false positive labels. Specifically, at least one instance pertains to the ground-truth label while no instance belongs to the false positive labels. In this paper, we formalize such problems as multi-instance partial-label learning(MIPL). Existing multi-instance learning algorithms and partial-label learning algorithms are suboptimal for solving MIPL problems since the former fails to disambiguate a candidate label set, and the latter cannot handle a multi-instance bag. To address these issues, a tailored algorithm named MIPLGP, i.e., multi-instance partial-label learning with Gaussian processes, is *** first assigns each instance with a candidate label set in an augmented label space, then transforms the candidate label set into a logarithmic space to yield the disambiguated and continuous labels via an exclusive disambiguation strategy, and last induces a model based on the Gaussian processes. Experimental results on various datasets validate that MIPLGP is superior to well-established multi-instance learning and partial-label learning algorithms for solving MIPL problems.

关键词： machine learning multi-instance partial-label learning multi-instance learning partial-label learning Gaussian processes

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Regulating Signal Pathway Triggers Circular Reactive Oxygen Species Production to Augment Oxidative Stress with Enzyme-Activated Nanoparticles

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第3期6卷 693-708页

作者： Benkai Bao Qiong yuan Qian Feng ling Li Meiqi Li Yanli tang Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’anShaanxi Province 710119

Regulating antioxidative stress pathways to augment oxidative stress and enhance antitumor therapy is highly desirable but very ***,we initiated a multifunctional nanoparticle to regulate the Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidative stress pathway to promote cancer cell *** OPFV-SnMP@GE11 nanoparticles were assembled by enzyme-activated OPFV-TLQ,tin mesoporphyrin(SnMP),and ***-SnMP@GE11 accumulated at tumor sites through specific targeting with ***-TLQ was specifically reduced to a photosensitizer OPFVNH2 by endocellular NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1).Under irradiation,OPFV-NH2 greatly produced reactive oxygen species(ROS)through a type I mechanism,which activated the Keap1-Nrf2 signal pathway and enhanced the transcription of NQO1,resulting in a continuous and explosive generation of ***,SnMP inhibited the activity of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),further depressing antioxidative *** strategy provides insight into the regulation of the signal pathway to amplify oxidative stress,paving the way to studying the molecular mechanisms of cellular activities to enhance cancer therapy.

关键词： Keap1-Nrf2 pathway enzyme-activated probe reactive oxygen species oxidative stress antitumor therapy

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Microglial Calcium Homeostasis Modulator 2:Novel Anti-neuroinflammation Target for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第4期40卷 553-556页

作者： yuan Dong Li tang Neuropsychiatry Research Institute The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao UniversityQingdao266000China Qingdao Institute of Measurement Technology Qingdao266000China

Neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer's disease(AD)and Parkinson's disease(PD),are the most common causes of *** drugs for such diseases can only provide temporary help with the symptoms,leaving the discovery of new drugs urgently in *** cells are the local immune cells in the nervous system and have been recognized as the key player in neuroinflammation that contributes to the process of neurodegeneration[1],raising the discussion of aiming microglia as the therapeutic target for clinical treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： inflammation degenerative drugs

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The Investigation of Data Voting Algorithm for Train Air-Braking System Based on Multi-Classification SVM and ANFIS

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 274-281页

作者： Juhan WANG Ying GAO yuan CAO Tao tang School of Electronics and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Graduate Department China Academy of Railway Science National Engineering Research Center of Rail Transportation Operation and Control System Beijing Jiaotong University

The pressure data of the train air braking system is of great significance to accurately evaluate its operation state. In order to overcome the influence of sensor fault on the pressure data of train air braking system, it is necessary to design a set of sensor fault-tolerant voting mechanism to ensure that in the case of a pressure sensor fault, the system can accurately identify and locate the position of the faulty sensor, and estimate the fault data according to other normal data. A fault-tolerant mechanism based on multi-classification support vector machine(SVM) and adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system(ANFIS) is introduced. Multi-classification SVM is used to identify and locate the system fault state, and ANFIS is used to estimate the real data of the fault sensor. After estimation, the system will compare the real data of the fault sensor with the ANFIS estimated data. If it is similar,the system will recognize that there is a false alarm and record it. Then the paper tests the whole mechanism based on the real data. The test shows that the system can identify the fault samples and reduce the occurrence of false alarms.

关键词： Support vector machines Fault diagnosis Pressure sensors Fuzzy logic Fault tolerance Adaptive systems Fault tolerant systems

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Analyzing topics in social media for improving digital twinning based product development

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 273-281页

作者： Wenyi tang ling Tian Xu Zheng Ke Yan School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China

Digital twinning enables manufacturers to create digital representations of physical entities,thus implementing virtual simulations for product *** efforts of digital twinning neglect the decisive consumer feedback in product development stages,failing to cover the gap between physical and digital *** work mines real-world consumer feedbacks through social media topics,which is significant to product *** specifically analyze the prevalent time of a product topic,giving an insight into both consumer attention and the widely-discussed time of a *** primary body of current studies regards the prevalent time prediction as an accompanying task or assumes the existence of a preset ***,these proposed solutions are either biased in focused objectives and underlying patterns or weak in the capability of generalization towards diverse *** this end,this work combines deep learning and survival analysis to predict the prevalent time of *** propose a specialized deep survival model which consists of two *** first module enriches input covariates by incorporating latent features of the time-varying text,and the second module fully captures the temporal pattern of a rumor by a recurrent network ***,a specific loss function different from regular survival models is proposed to achieve a more reasonable *** experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate that our model significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Digital twinning Product development Topic analysis Social media

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Recent Advances in Mechanistic Understanding of Metal-Free Carbon Thermocatalysis and Electrocatalysis with Model Molecules

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 74-97页

作者： Wei Guo Linhui Yu ling tang Yan Wan Yangming Lin CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002People’s Republic of China Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsHaixi InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002People’s Republic of China Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021People’s Republic of China

Metal-free carbon,as the most representative heterogeneous metal-free catalysts,have received considerable interests in electro-and thermo-catalytic reac-tions due to their impressive performance and *** the past decade,well-designed carbon catalysts with tunable structures and heteroatom groups coupled with various characterization techniques have proposed numerous reaction ***,active sites,key intermediate species,precise structure-activity relationships and dynamic evolution processes of carbon catalysts are still rife with controversies due to the monotony and limitation of used experimental *** this Review,we sum-marize the extensive efforts on model catalysts since the 2000s,particularly in the past decade,to overcome the influences of material and structure limitations in metal-free carbon *** both nanomolecule model and bulk model,the real contribution of each alien species,defect and edge configuration to a series of fundamentally important reactions,such as thermocatalytic reactions,electrocatalytic reactions,were systematically *** with in situ techniques,isotope labeling and size control,the detailed reaction mechanisms,the precise 2D structure-activity relationships and the rate-determining steps were revealed at a molecular ***,the outlook of model carbon catalysis has also been proposed in this work.

关键词： Metal-free carbon catalysts Model catalyst Electrocatalysis Active site Reaction mechanisms

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Constructions of optimal binary locally repairable codes via intersection subspaces

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 418-432页

作者： Wenqin ZHANG Deng tang Chenhao YING yuan LUO School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Locally repairable codes（LRCs）, which can recover any symbol of a codeword by reading only a small number of other symbols, have been widely used in real-world distributed storage systems, such as Microsoft Azure Storage and Ceph Storage Cluster. Since binary linear LRCs can significantly reduce coding and decoding complexity, constructions of binary LRCs are of particular interest. The aim of this paper is to construct dimensional optimal binary LRCs with disjoint local repair groups. We introduce a method to connect intersection subspaces with binary LRCs and construct dimensional optimal binary linear LRCs with locality 2b（b 3） and minimum distance d 6 by employing intersection subspaces deduced from the direct sum. This method will sufficiently increase the number of possible repair groups of dimensional optimal LRCs, thus efficiently expanding the range of the construction parameters while keeping the largest code rates compared with all known binary linear LRCs with minimum distance d 6 and locality 2b.

关键词： locally repairable codes disjoint local repair groups distributed storage systems intersection subspaces direct sum

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IHVFL: a privacy-enhanced intention-hiding vertical federated learning framework for medical data

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Cybersecurity 2024年第2期7卷 96-112页

作者： Fei tang Shikai Liang Guowei ling Jinyong Shan College of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNo.2Chongwen RoadNan'an DistrictChongqing 400065China School of Cyber Security and Information Law Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China sudo Technology Co. LTD.Beijing 100083China

Vertical Federated Learning(VFL)has many applications in the field of smart healthcare with excellent ***,current VFL systems usually primarily focus on the privacy protection during model training,while the preparation of training data receives little *** real-world applications,like smart healthcare,the process of the training data preparation may involve some participant's intention which could be privacy information for this *** protect the privacy of the model training intention,we describe the idea of Intention-Hiding Vertical Feder-ated Learning(IHVFL)and illustrate a framework to achieve this privacy-preserving ***,we construct two secure screening protocols to enhance the privacy protection in feature ***,we implement the work of sample alignment bases on a novel private set intersection ***,we use the logistic regression algorithm to demonstrate the process of *** show that our model can perform better efficiency(less than 5min)and accuracy(97%)on Breast Cancer medical dataset while maintaining the intention-hiding goal.

关键词： Medical data Vertical federated learning Privacy-presserving Intention-hiding Logistic regression

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