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DynamicRetriever:A Pre-trained Model-based IR System Without an Explicit Index

Machine Intelligence Research 2023年第2期20卷 276-288页

作者： yu-jia zhou Jing Yao Zhi-Cheng Dou Ledell Wu Ji-Rong Wen Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence Beijing 100084China

Web search provides a promising way for people to obtain information and has been extensively *** the surge of deep learning and large-scale pre-training techniques,various neural information retrieval models are proposed,and they have demonstrated the power for improving search(especially,the ranking)*** these existing search methods follow a common paradigm,i.e.,index-retrieve-rerank,where they first build an index of all documents based on document terms(i.e.,sparse inverted index)or representation vectors(i.e.,dense vector index),then retrieve and rerank retrieved documents based on the similarity between the query and documents via ranking *** this paper,we explore a new paradigm of information retrieval without an explicit index but only with a pre-trained ***,all of the knowledge of the documents is encoded into model parameters,which can be regarded as a differentiable indexer and optimized in an end-to-end ***,we propose a pre-trained model-based information retrieval(IR)system called DynamicRetriever,which directly returns document identifiers for a given *** such a framework,we implement two variants to explore how to train the model from scratch and how to combine the advantages of dense retrieval *** with existing search methods,the model-based IR system parameterizes the traditional static index with a pre-training model,which converts the document semantic mapping into a dynamic and updatable *** experiments conducted on the public search benchmark Microsoft machine reading comprehension(MS MARCO)verify the effectiveness and potential of our proposed new paradigm for information retrieval.

关键词： Information retrieval(IR) document retrieval model-based IR pre-trained language model differentiable search index

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Circulating miR-627-5p and miR-199a-5p are promising diagnostic biomarkers of colorectal neoplasia

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第16期10卷 5165-5184页

作者： Dong-Yan Zhao Lei zhou Teng-Fei Yin yuan-Chen zhou Ge-yu-jia zhou Qian-Qian Wang Shu-Kun Yao Graduate school Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Gastroenterology China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China Department of General Surgery China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China Graduate school Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical MedicineBeijing 100029China

BACKGROUND Early detection of colorectal neoplasms,including colorectal cancers(CRCs)and advanced colorectal adenomas(AAs),is crucial to improve patient *** microRNAs(miRNAs)in peripheral blood are emerging as noninvasive diagnostic markers for multiple cancers,but their potential for screening colorectal neoplasms remains *** To identify candidate circulating cell-free miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in patients with colorectal *** The study was divided into three phases:(1)Candidate miRNAs were selected from three public miRNA datasets using differential gene expression analysis methods;(2)an independent set of serum samples from 60 CRC patients,60 AA patients and 30 healthy controls(HCs)was included and analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for miRNAs,and their diagnostic power was detected by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis;and(3)the origin and function of miRNAs in cancer patients were investigated in cancer cell lines and tumor *** Based on bioinformatics analysis,miR-627-5p and miR-199a-5p were differentially expressed in both the serum and tissues of patients with colorectal neoplasms and HCs and were selected for further *** validation in an independent cohort revealed that both circulating miR-627-5p and miR-199a-5p were sequentially increased from HCs and AAs to *** diagnostic power of miR-672-5p yielded an area under the curve(AUC)value of 0.90,and miR-199a-5p had an AUC of 0.83 in discriminating colorectal neoplasms from HCs.A logistic integrated model combining miR-199a-5p and miR-627-5p exhibited a higher diagnostic performance than either ***,the levels of serum miR-627-5p and miR-199a-5p in CRC patients were significantly lower after surgery than before surgery and the expression of both miRNAs was increased with culture time in the culture media of several CRC cell lines,suggesting that the upregulated serum expression of both mi

关键词： miR-627-5p miR-199a-5p Colorectal neoplasm Biomarker Screening Serum

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Numerical Simulation of the Mass Movement Process of the 2018 Sedongpu Glacial Debris Flow by Using the Fluid-Solid Coupling Method

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 583-596页

作者： Xing-yu Long yu-Xiang Hu Bin-Rui Gan jia-Wen zhou State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China College of Water Resource and Hydropower Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

In the context of global warming and intensified human activities,glacier instability in plateau regions has increased,and glacier debris flows have become active,which poses a significant threat to the lives and property of people and socioeconomic *** mass movement process of glacier debris flows is extremely complex,so this paper uses the 2018 Sedongpu glacier debris flow event on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as an example and applies a numerical simulation method to invert the whole process of mass *** view of the interaction between phases in the process of motion,we use the fluid-solid coupling method to describe the mass *** granular-flow model and drift-flux model are employed in FLOW3D software to study the mass movement process of glacier debris flows and explore their dynamic *** results indicate that the glacier debris flow lasted for 700 s,and the movement process was roughly divided into four stages,including initiation,scraping,surging and deposition;the depositional characteristics calculated by the fluid-solid coupling model are consistent with the actual survey results and have good reliability;strong erosion occurs during the mass movement,the clear volume amplification effect,and the first wave climbs 17.8 m across the *** fluid-solid coupling method can better simulate glacier debris flows in plateau regions,which is helpful for the study of the mechanism and dynamic characteristics of such disasters.

关键词： glacial debris flow Qinghai-Tibet Plateau fluid-solid coupling FLOW3D mass movement depositional characteristics disasters engineering geology

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Proteomics-based identification of proteins in tumor-derived exosomes as candidate biomarkers for colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第7期15卷 1227-1240页

作者： Ge-yu-jia zhou Dong-Yan Zhao Teng-Fei Yin Qian-Qian Wang yuan-Chen zhou Shu-Kun Yao Department of Gastroenterology China-Japan Friendship Hospital(Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences)Beijing 100029China Graduate School Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Graduate School Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical MedicineBeijing 100029China Department of Gastroenterology China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second leading cause of cancer-related death,with high morbidity *** is an urgent need to find reliable diagnostic biomarkers of CRC and explore the underlying molecular *** are involved in intercellular communication and participate in multiple pathological processes,serving as an important part of the tumor *** To investigate the proteomic characteristics of CRC tumor-derived exosomes and to identify candidate exosomal protein markers for *** In this study,10 patients over 50 years old who were diagnosed with moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma were *** paired CRC tissues and adjacent normal intestinal tissues(>5 cm)to form the experimental and control *** exosomes were extracted separately from each tissue ***-independent acquisition mass spectrometry was implemented in 8 matched samples of exosomes to explore the proteomic expression profiles,and differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)were screened by bioinformatics *** exosomal proteins were verified using parallel reaction monitoring(PRM)analysis in 10 matched exosome *** A total of 1393 proteins were identified in the CRC tissue group,1304 proteins were identified in the adjacent tissue group,and 283 proteins were significantly differentially expressed between *** analysis revealed that DEPs were involved in multiple biological processes related to cytoskeleton construction,cell movement and migration,immune response,tumor growth and telomere metabolism,as well as ECM-receptor interaction,focal adhesion and mTOR signaling *** differentially expressed exosomal proteins(NHP2,OLFM4,TOP1,SAMP,TAGL and TRIM28)were validated by PRM analysis and evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)*** area under the ROC curve was 0.93,0.96,0.97,0.78,0.75,and 0.88(P<0.05)for NHP2,OLFM4,TOP1,SAMP,TAGL,and TRIM28,respectively,indicati

关键词： Exosomes Colorectal cancer Data-independent acquisition Parallel reaction monitoring Biomarker

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Identification of circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 as novel diagnostic biomarkers of colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第11期10卷 3352-3368页

作者： Teng-Fei Yin Shi-yu Du Dong-Yan Zhao Xi-Zhen Sun yuan-Chen zhou Qian-Qian Wang Ge-yu-jia zhou Shu-Kun Yao Graduate School Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical MedicineBeijing 100029China Department of Gastroenterology China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China Graduate School Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China Department of Gastroenterology Beijing Jishuitan HospitalBeijing 100035China

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)imposes a tremendous burden on human health,with high morbidity and *** ribonucleic acids(circRNAs),a new type of noncoding RNA,are considered to participate in cancer pathogenesis as microRNA(miRNA)***,the dysregulation and biological functions of circRNAs in CRC remain to be *** To identify potential circRNA biomarkers of CRC and explore their functions in CRC *** CircRNAs and miRNAs differentially expressed in CRC tissues were identified by analyzing expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)***_0000375 and circ_0011536 were selected as CRC biomarker *** real-time polymerase chain reaction was utilized to evaluate the expression of these 2 circRNAs in CRC tissues,serums and cell *** operating characteristic curves were generated to assess the diagnostic performances of these 2 ***,functional experiments,including cell counting kit-8,wound healing and Transwell invasion assays,were performed after the overexpression of circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 in CRC cell ***,candidate target miRNAs of circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 were predicted via bioinformatics *** expression levels of these miRNAs were explored in CRC cell lines and tissues from GEO datasets.A luciferase reporter assay was developed to examine the interactions between circRNAs and *** on the target miRNAs and downstream genes,functional enrichment analyses were applied to reveal the critical signaling pathways involved in CRC *** Downregulated circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 expression was observed in CRC tissues in GSE126095,clinical CRC tissue and serum samples and CRC cell *** areas under the curve for circ_0000375 and circ_0011536 were 0.911 and 0.885 in CRC tissue and 0.976 and 0.982 in CRC serum,***,the serum levels of these 2 circRNAs were higher in patients at 30 d postsurg

关键词： Cir_0000375 Circ_0011536 MicroRNA Biomarker Colorectal cancer Tumor suppressor

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A new fabrication method for enhancing the yield of linear micromirror arrays assisted by temporary anchors

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 169-180页

作者： Xingchen Xiao Ting Mao Yingchao Shi Kui zhou jia Hao Yiting yu Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University College of Mechanical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University710072 Xi’anChina Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace(Ministry of Education) Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Micro and Nanoelectromechanical SystemsNorthwestern Polytechnical University710072 Xi’anChina

As one of the most common spatial light modulators,linear micromirror arrays(MMAs)based on microelectromechanical system(MEMS)processes are currently utilized in many ***,two crucial challenges exist in the fabrication of such devices:the adhesion of silicon microstructures caused by anodic bonding and the destruction of the suspended silicon film due to residual *** solve these issues,an innovative processing method assisted by temporary anchors is *** approach effectively reduces the span of silicon microstructures and improves the Euler buckling limit of the silicon ***,these temporary anchors are strategically placed within the primary etching areas,enabling easy removal without additional processing *** a result,we successfully achieved wafer-level,high-yield manufacturing of linear MMAs with a filling factor as high as 95.1%.Demonstrating superior capabilities to those of original MMAs,our enhanced version boasts a total of 60 linear micromirror elements,each featuring a length-to-width ratio of 52.6,and the entire optical aperture measures 5 mm×6 *** linear MMA exhibits an optical deflection angle of 20.4°at 110 Vdc while maintaining exceptional deflection flatness and *** study offers a viable approach for the design and fabrication of thin-film MEMS devices with high yields,and the proposed MMA is promising as a replacement for digital micromirror devices(DMDs,by TI Corp.)in fields such as spectral imaging and optical communication.

关键词： mirror exceptional anodic

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Nanoscopic tribological characteristics of a cryogenically cycled Zr-based metallic glass

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第6期67卷 113-126页

作者： Qian jia Qiaosheng Xia Qing zhou yucheng Wang yue Ren yu Meng Haifeng Wang Feng zhou State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal MaterialsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Surface Engineering and Remanufacturing Xi’an UniversityXi’an 710065China State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Optimized macroscopic tribological behavior can be anticipated in metallic glasses(MGs)by cryogenic cycling treatment(CCT),which is attributed to enhanced ***,the intrinsic friction mechanisms of MGs induced by cryogenic rejuvenation are still poorly *** the present study,nanoscopic wear tests were conducted on the Zr-based MGs surface with different CCT cycles using atomic force microscopy(AFM).After CCT treatment with 100 cycles,the MG displays the highest adhesion and ploughing frictions,but significantly improved anti-wear *** tests and molecular dynamics simulations disclose that the increased adhesion is attributed to the dominance of liquid-like regions in the CCT-treated MGs,and the impact of reduced hardness and weak elastic recovery results in the deteriorated ploughing *** enhanced plasticity effectively dissipates the strain from the AFM tip through multiple shear bands and weakens the adhesion during deformation,giving rise to excellent wear *** study elucidates the promoting effect of CCT on the outstanding antiwear performance of MGs,and is helpful for the development of novel alloys.

关键词： metallic glasses cryogenic cycling treatment nanoscope wear friction mechanism

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Regeneration of the heart:f rom molecular mechanisms to clinical therapeutics

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Military Medical Research 2024年第1期11卷 80-97页

作者： Qian-yun Guo jia-Qi Yang Xun-Xun Feng yu-Jie zhou Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel DiseaseClinical Center for Coronary Heart DiseaseDepartment of CardiologyBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100029China

Heart injury such as myocardial infarction leads to cardiomyocyte loss,fibrotic tissue deposition,and scar *** changes reduce cardiac contractility,resulting in heart failure,which causes a huge public health *** personnel,compared with civilians,is exposed to more stress,a risk factor for heart diseases,making cardiovascular health management and treatment innovation an important topic for military *** far,medical intervention can slow down cardiovascular disease progression,but not yet induce heart *** the past decades,studies have focused on mechanisms underlying the regenerative capability of the heart and applicable approaches to reverse heart *** have emerged from studies in animal models and early clinical *** interventions show the potential to reduce scar formation and enhance cardiomyocyte proliferation that counteracts the pathogenesis of heart *** this review,we discuss the signaling events controlling the regeneration of heart tissue and summarize current therapeutic approaches to promote heart regeneration after injury.

关键词： Heart regeneration Cardiac disease Therapeutics Signaling mechanisms

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Lanthanum promoting bone formation by regulating osteogenesis,osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 621-628,I0007页

作者： Dandan Zou Runlian Lin yu Han Juan jia Guoqiang zhou Haisong Zhang Kun Ge Hebei Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Diseases and Bone Metabolism Affiliated Hospital of Hebei UniversityBaoding071000China Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceHebei UniversityBaoding071002China

With lanthanum(La) in agriculture, medicine, and the chemical industry, La shows accumulation in the body, especially in the bone, because of its similar structure to calcium. Moreover, La has a direct role in bone formation regulating osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Nevertheless, bone formation is complex under the regulation of osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and angiogenesis in the bone microenvironment. It is difficult to comprehensively understand the regulation of bone homeostasis from a single kind of ***, some bone microenvironment-related cells and mouse calvaria culture models were used to study the regulatory effect of La-based compound-lanthanum nitrate(La(NO_(3))_(3)) on bone ***(NO_(3))_(3) has good biological safety, and the osteogenic differentiation is significantly increased under La(NO_(3))_(3) treatment for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMMSC). In contrast, the differentiation,maturation, and bone erosion ability of osteoclasts are significantly decreased. Meanwhile, the angiogenesis ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC) is significantly promoted when treated with La(NO_(3))_(3). Furthermore, bone metabolism and angiogenesis are improved under La(NO_(3))_(3) treatment in the calvaria ex vivo culture model and BMMSC-HUVEC co-culture system. These results suggest that La has the beneficial effect of promoting bone metabolism and improving bone formation in the bone microenvironment.

关键词： Lanthanum Bone microenvironment Osteogenic differentiation Angiogenesis Rare earths

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High-rate lithium-ion battery performance of a ternary sea urchin-shaped CoNiO_(2)@NiP_(6)Mo_(18)/CNTs composites

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 516-525页

作者： Li-ping Cui Shuang Sun Kai yu Shu Zhang Mei-lin Wang jia-jia Chen Bai-bin zhou Key Laboratory for Photonic1nd Electronic Bandgap Materials Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry1nd Chemical EngineeringHarbin Normal UniversityHarbin 150025HeilongjiangChina State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Department of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry1nd Chemical EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina

Bimetallic oxides are attractive anode materials for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their large theoretical ***,the low conductivity,short cycle life,and poor rate capability are the bottlenecks for their further *** overcome above issues,the basket-like polymolybdate(NiP_(6)Mo_(18))and carbon nanotubes(CNTs)were uniformly embedded on the urchin-shaped CoNiO_(2)nanospheres to yield a ternary composites CoNiO_(2)@NiP_(6)Mo_(18)/CNTs via electrostatic *** multi-level morphology of urchin spinules accelerates the diffusion rate of Li^(+);CNT improves the conductivity and enhances cycle stability of the material;and heteropoly acid contributes more redox activity ***,CoNiO_(2)@NiP_(6)Mo_(18)/CNTs as an anode of LIBs exhibits a high initial capacity(1396.7 mA h g^(−1)at 0.1 A g^(−1)),long-term cycling stability(750.2 mA h g^(−1)after 300 cycles),and rate performance(450.3 mA h g^(−1)at 2 A g^(−1)),which are superior to reported metallic oxides anode of *** density functional theory(DFT)and kinetic mechanism suggest that CoNiO_(2)@NiP_(6)Mo_(18)/CNTs delivers an outstanding pseudocapacitance and rapid Li^(+)diffusion behaviors,which is due to the rich surface area of the urchin-like CoNiO_(2)with the uniform embeddedness of NiP_(6)Mo_(18)and *** study provides a new idea for optimizing the performance of bimetallic oxides and developing high-rate lithium-ion battery composites.

关键词： Bi-metal oxides Transition metal oxides Polyoxometalates Nanocomposite LIBs

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