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STGNN-LMR:A Spatial–Temporal Graph Neural Network Approach Based on sEMG Lower Limb Motion Recognition

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 256-269页

作者： Weifan mao Bin ma Zhao Li Jianxing Zhang Yizhou Lu Zhuting yu Feng Zhang Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China Shanghai Zhongyan Jiuyi Technology Co. Ltd.Shanghai 201821China Academy of Military Science Bejing 100091China

Lower limb motion recognition techniques commonly employ Surface Electromyographic Signal(sEMG)as input and apply a machine learning classifier or Back Propagation Neural Network(BPNN)for classification.However,this artificial feature engineering technique is not generalizable to similar tasks and is heavily reliant on the researcher’s subject expertise.In contrast,neural networks such as Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)and Long Short-term Memory Neural Network(LSTM)can automatically extract features,providing a more generalized and adaptable approach to lower limb motion recognition.Although this approach overcomes the limitations of human feature engineering,it may ignore the potential correlation among the sEMG channels.This paper proposes a spatial–temporal graph neural network model,STGNN-LMR,designed to address the problem of recognizing lower limb motion from multi-channel sEMG.STGNN-LMR transforms multi-channel sEMG into a graph structure and uses graph learning to model spatial–temporal features.An 8-channel sEMG dataset is constructed for the experimental stage,and the results show that the STGNN-LMR model achieves a recognition accuracy of 99.71%.Moreover,this paper simulates two unexpected scenarios,including sEMG sensors affected by sweat noise and sudden failure,and evaluates the testing results using hypothesis testing.According to the experimental results,the STGNN-LMR model exhibits a significant advantage over the control models in noise scenarios and failure scenarios.These experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the STGNN-LMR model for addressing the challenges associated with sEMG-based lower limb motion recognition in practical scenarios.

关键词： Lower limb motion recognition Exoskeleton sEMG.Graph neural network Noise Sensor failure

Optimized online filter stack spectrometer for ultrashort X-ray pulses

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 85-98页

作者： Jia-Xing Wen Ge ma Ming-Hai yu yu-Chi Wu Yong-hong Yan Shao-Yi Wang Huai-Zhong Gao Lu-Shan Wang yu-Gang Zhou Qiang Li yue Yang Fang Tan Xiao-Hui Zhang Jie Zhang Wen-Bo Mo Jing-Qin Su Wei-Min Zhou yu-Qiu Gu Ming Zeng Zong-Qing Zhao Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory Laser Fusion Research CenterCAEPMianyang 621900China Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging(Tsinghua University) Ministry of EducationBeijing 100084China School of Information Engineering Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China

Currently,with the advent of high-repetition-rate laser-plasma experiments,the demand for online diagnosis for the X-ray spectrum is increasing because the laser-plasma-generated X-ray spectrum is very important for characterizing electron dynamics and applications.In this study,scintillators and silicon PIN(P-type–intrinsic-N-type semiconductor)diodes were used to construct a wideband online filter stack spectrometer.The X-ray sensor and filter arrangement was optimized using a genetic algorithm to minimize the condition number of the response matrix.Consequently,the unfolding error was significantly reduced based on numerical experiments.The detector responses were quantitatively calibrated by irradiating the scintillator and PIN diode with various nuclides and comparing the measuredγ-ray peaks.A prototype 15-channel spectrometer was developed by integrating an X-ray detector with front-and back-end electronics.The prototype spectrometer could record X-ray pulse signals at a repetition rate of 1 kHz.Furthermore,an optimized spectrometer was employed to record the real-time spectra of laser-driven bremsstrahlung sources.This optimized spectrometer offers a compact solution for spectrum diagnostics of ultrashort X-ray pulses,exhibiting improved accuracy in terms of spectrum measurements and repetition rates,and could be widely used in next-generation high-repetition-rate high-power laser facilities.

关键词： Filter stack spectrometer Laser plasma diagnostics X-ray diagnostics Scintillator PIN diode

Hypoglycemic effect and the mechanism of action of a polysaccharide from sweet corncob in a high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1543-1555页

作者： Xin Wang Weiye Xiu Ye Han Zhili Wang yu Luo Yongqiang ma Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereals and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources College of Food EngineeringHarbin University of CommerceHarbin 150028China

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a metabolic disease caused by a glycolipid metabolism disorder and isletβ-cell dysfunction.SCP-80-I is a biologically active water-soluble polysaccharide isolated from sweet corncob,an agricultural byproduct.The hypoglycemic effects of SCP-80-I on T2DM mice and its mechanisms were investigated in this study.SCP-80-I was found to significantly reduce blood glucose and lipid deposition levels in T2DM mice,as well as decrease serum leptin and increase adiponectin secretion.Interestingly,real time-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and Western blotting results revealed that SCP-80-I could regulate the expression of several glycolipid metabolisms and insulin secretion genes and proteins,including 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),carnitine palmitoyltransferase I(CPTI),and acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase(ACC)in the liver and AMPK,sirtuin1(Sirtl),peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorycoactivator-1(PGC-1α),and uncoupling protein 2(UCP2)in the pancreas.To have a hypoglycemic effect,SCP-80-1 regulated glycolipid metabolism and islet cell function in the liver by regulating the AMPK/AC C/CPT1 signaling pathway and the AMPK/Sirt1/PGC-1αand AMPK/Sirtl/UCP2 signaling pathways.These findings improve our understanding of polysaccharides derived from sweet corncob and the use of SCP-80-I in the production of hypoglycemic foods.

关键词： Sweet corn cob polysaccharide Type 2 diabetes Signal pathway 5’-AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)

Angiosperm-wide analysis of fruit and ovary evolution aided by a new nuclear phylogeny supports association of the same ovary type with both dry and fleshy fruits

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第2期66卷 228-251页

作者： Yezi Xiang Taikui Zhang Yiyong Zhao hongjin Dong hongyi Chen Yi Hu Chien-Hsun Huang Jun Xiang hong ma State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological EngineeringInstitute of Plant BiologyCenter of Evolutionary BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Department of Biology Howard Hughes Medical InstituteDuke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Biology the Eberly College of Scienceand the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciencesthe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization College of Biology and Agricultural ResourcesHuanggang Normal UniversityHuanggang 438000China

Fruit functions in seed protection and dispersal and belongs to many dry and fleshy types,yet their evolutionary pattern remains unclear in part due to uncertainties in the phylogenetic relationships among several orders and families.Thus we used nuclear genes of 502 angiosperm species representing 231 families to reconstruct a well supported phylogeny,with resolved relationships for orders and families with previously uncertain placements.Using this phylogeny as a framework,molecular dating supports a Triassic origin of the crown angiosperms,followed by the emergence of most orders in the Jurassic and Cretaceous and their rise to ecological dominance during the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution.The robust phylogeny allowed an examination of the evolutionary pattern of fruit and ovary types,revealing a trend of parallel carpel fusions during early diversifications in eudicots,monocots,and magnoliids.Moreover,taxa in the same order or family with the same ovary type can develop either dry or fleshy fruits with strong correlations between specific types of dry and fleshy fruits;such associations of ovary,dry and fleshy fruits define several ovaryfruit"modules"each found in multiple families.One of the frequent modules has an ovary containing multiple ovules,capsules and berries,and another with an ovary having one or two ovules,achenes(or other single-seeded dry fruits)and drupes.This new perspective of relationships among fruit types highlights the closeness of specific dry and fleshy fruit types,such as capsule and berry,that develop from the same ovary type and belong to the same module relative to dry and fleshy fruits of other modules(such as achenes and drupes).Further analyses of gene families containing known genes for ovary and fruit development identified phylogenetic nodes with multiple gene duplications,supporting a possible role of whole-genome duplications,in combination with climate changes and animal behaviors,in angiosperm fruit and ovary diversification.

关键词： angiosperm fruit evolution maDS-box molecular clock nuclear phylogeny ovary and fruit developmental genes

Photocatalytic seawater splitting by 2D heterostructure of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/WO_(3) decorated with plasmonic Au for hydrogen evolution under visible light

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 55-63,I0003页

作者： Huiqin An Yanjun Wang Xing Xiao Jiaxin Liu Zhiyao ma Tianxin Gao Wanyu hong Lizhi Zhao hong Wang Qingjun Zhu Shanshan Chen Zhen Yin School of Chemistry Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China School of materials Science and Engineering Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY 15738 ZeuthenGermany Schoolof materials Science and Engineering & National Institutefor Advanced materials Nankai University Tianjin300350 China College of Chemical Engineering and materials Science Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China

Photocatalytic H_(2) evolution from seawater splitting presents a promising approach to tackle the fossil energy crisis and mitigate carbon emission due to the abundant source of seawater and sunlight on the earth.However,the development of efficient photocatalysts for seawater splitting remains a formidable challenge.Herein,a 2D/2D ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/WO_(3)(ZIS/WO_(3))heterojunction nanostructure is fabricated to efficiently separate the photoinduced carriers by steering electron transfer from the conduction band minimum of WO_(3) to the valence band maximum of ZIS via constructing internal electric field.Subsequently,plasmonic Au nanoparticles(NPs)as a novel photosensitizer and a reduction cocatalyst are anchored on ZIS/WO_(3) surface to further enhance the optical absorption of ZIS/WO_(3) heterojunction and accelerate the catalytic conversion.The obtained Au/ZIS/WO_(3) photocatalyst exhibits an outstanding H_(2) evolution rate of 2610.6 or 3566.3μmol g^(-1)h~(-1)from seawater splitting under visible or full-spectrum light irradiation,respectively.These rates represent an impressive increase of approximately 7.3-and 6,6-fold compared to those of ZIS under the illumination of the same light source.The unique 2D/2D structure,internal electric field,and plasmonic metal modification together boost the photocatalytic H_(2) evolution rate of Au/ZIS/WO_(3),making it even comparable to H_(2) evolution from pure water splitting.The present work sheds light on the development of efficient photocatalysts for seawater splitting.

关键词： Photocatalytic seawater splitting 2D/2D ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/WO_(3) Surface plasmon resonance effect Interfacial electric field

Night warming increases wheat yield by improving pre-anthesis plant growth and post-anthesis grain starch biosynthesis

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 536-550页

作者： Yonghui Fan Boya Qin Jinhao Yang Liangliang ma Guoji Cui Wei He yu Tang Wenjing Zhang Shangyu ma Chuanxi ma Zhenglai Huang College of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in South Yellow&Huai River ValleyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHefei 230036China Xianyang Central Station for Agricultural Technology Extension Xianyang 712000China

Global climate change is characterized by asymmetric warming,i.e.,greater temperature increases in winter,spring,and nighttime than in summer,autumn,and daytime.Field experiments were conducted using four wheat cultivars,namely‘Yangmai 18’(YM18),‘Sumai 188’(SM188),‘Yannong 19’(YN19),and‘Annong 0711’(AN0711),in the two growing seasons of 2019-2020 and 2020-2021,with passive night warming during different periods in the early growth stage.The treatments were night warming during the tillering-jointing(NW_(T-J)),jointing-booting(NWJ-B),and booting-anthesis(NWB-A)stages,with ambient temperature(NN)as the control.The effects of night warming during different stages on wheat yield formation were investigated by determining the characteristics of dry matter accumulation and translocation,as well as sucrose and starch accumulation in wheat grains.The wheat yields of all four cultivars were significantly higher in NW_(T-J)than in NN in the 2-year experiment.The yield increases of semi-winter cultivars YN19 and AN0711 were greater than those of spring cultivars YM18 and SM188.Treatment NW_(T-J)increased wheat yield mainly by increasing the 1,000-grain weight and the number of fertile spikelets,and it increased dry matter accumulation in various organs of wheat at the anthesis and maturity stages by increasing the growth rate at the vegetative growth stage.The flag leaf and spike showed the largest increases in dry matter accumulation.NW_(T-J)also increased the grain sucrose and starch contents in the early and middle grain-filling stages,promoting yield formation.Overall,night warming between the tillering and jointing stages increased the pre-anthesis growth rate,and thus,wheat dry matter production,which contributed to an increase in wheat yield.

关键词： wheat asymmetric warming dry matter accumulation and translocation starch yield

Decade Milestone Advancement of Defect-Engineered g-C_(3)N_(4) for Solar Catalytic Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 153-218页

作者： Shaoqi Hou Xiaochun Gao Xingyue Lv Yilin Zhao Xitao Yin Ying Liu Juan Fang Xingxing yu Xiaoguang ma Tianyi ma Dawei Su School of mathematical and Physical Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology Sydney(UTS)SydneyNSW 2007Australia Laboratory of Plasma and Energy Conversion School of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringLudong University186 Middle Hongqi RoadYantai 264025People’s Republic of China School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry The University of Tokyo7‑3‑1 HogoBunkyoTokyoJapan School of Science STEM CollegeRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia

Over the past decade, graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4)) has emerged as a universal photocatalyst toward various sustainable carbo-neutral technologies. Despite solar applications discrepancy, g-C_(3)N_(4) is still confronted with a general fatal issue of insufficient supply of thermodynamically active photocarriers due to its inferior solar harvesting ability and sluggish charge transfer dynamics. Fortunately, this could be significantly alleviated by the “all-in-one” defect engineering strategy, which enables a simultaneous amelioration of both textural uniqueness and intrinsic electronic band structures. To this end, we have summarized an unprecedently comprehensive discussion on defect controls including the vacancy/non-metallic dopant creation with optimized electronic band structure and electronic density, metallic doping with ultraactive coordinated environment(M–N_(x), M–C_(2)N_(2), M–O bonding), functional group grafting with optimized band structure, and promoted crystallinity with extended conjugation π system with weakened interlayered van der Waals interaction. Among them, the defect states induced by various defect types such as N vacancy, P/S/halogen dopants, and cyano group in boosting solar harvesting and accelerating photocarrier transfer have also been emphasized. More importantly, the shallow defect traps identified by femtosecond transient absorption spectra(fs-TAS) have also been highlighted. It is believed that this review would pave the way for future readers with a unique insight into a more precise defective g-C_(3)N_(4) “customization”, motivating more profound thinking and flourishing research outputs on g-C_(3)N_(4)-based photocatalysis.

关键词： Defect engineering g-C_(3)N_(4) Electronic band structures Photocarrier transfer kinetics Defect states

Artificial intelligence-driven radiomics study in cancer:the role of feature engineering and modeling

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Military Medical Research 2024年第1期11卷 115-147页

作者： yuan-Peng Zhang Xin-yun Zhang yu-Ting Cheng Bing Li Xin-Zhi Teng Jiang Zhang Saikit Lam Ta Zhou Zong-Rui ma Jia-Bao Sheng Victor CWTam Shara WYLee hong Ge Jing Cai Department of Medical Informatics Nantong UniversityNantong 226001JiangsuChina Department of Health Technology and Informatics the Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China The hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518000GuangdongChina Department of Radiation Oncology the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhou 450008China

Modern medicine is reliant on various medical imaging technologies for non-invasively observing patients’anatomy.However,the interpretation of medical images can be highly subjective and dependent on the expertise of clinicians.Moreover,some potentially useful quantitative information in medical images,especially that which is not visible to the naked eye,is often ignored during clinical practice.In contrast,radiomics performs high-throughput feature extraction from medical images,which enables quantitative analysis of medical images and prediction of various clinical endpoints.Studies have reported that radiomics exhibits promising performance in diagnosis and predicting treatment responses and prognosis,demonstrating its potential to be a non-invasive auxiliary tool for personalized medicine.However,radiomics remains in a developmental phase as numerous technical challenges have yet to be solved,especially in feature engineering and statistical modeling.In this review,we introduce the current utility of radiomics by summarizing research on its application in the diagnosis,prognosis,and prediction of treatment responses in patients with cancer.We focus on machine learning approaches,for feature extraction and selection during feature engineering and for imbalanced datasets and multi-modality fusion during statistical modeling.Furthermore,we introduce the stability,reproducibility,and interpretability of features,and the generalizability and interpretability of models.Finally,we offer possible solutions to current challenges in radiomics research.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Radiomics Feature extraction Feature selection Modeling Interpretability Multimodalities Head and neck cancer

Identification of novel mammalian viruses in tree shrews(Tupaia belangeri chinensis)

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 429-438页

作者： hong Zhou Ren-Rong Tian Xiu-Rong Wang Jin-Xuan Yang yun-Xiao Wang Ming-Liang Zhao Xu-Dong Zhang yu-Hua ma Long-Bao Lv Edward CHolmes Yong-Tang Zheng Wei-Feng Shi School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJi’nanShandong 250117China Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesTaianShandong 271000China Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of yunnan Province KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China School of Public Health Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJi’nanShandong 250117China National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates Kunming Primate Research CenterKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650107China Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases School of Medical SciencesThe University of SydneySydneyNew South Wales 2006Australia Department of Infectious Diseases Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Shanghai Institute of Virology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China

The Chinese tree shrew(Tupaia belangeri chinensis),a member of the mammalian order Scandentia,exhibits considerable similarities with primates,including humans,in aspects of its nervous,immune,and metabolic systems.These similarities have established the tree shrew as a promising experimental model for biomedical research on cancer,infectious diseases,metabolic disorders,and mental health conditions.Herein,we used metatranscriptomic sequencing to analyze plasma,as well as oral and anal swab samples,from 105 healthy asymptomatic tree shrews to identify the presence of potential zoonotic viruses.In total,eight mammalian viruses with complete genomes were identified,belonging to six viral families,including Flaviviridae,Hepeviridae,Parvovirinae,Picornaviridae,Sedoreoviridae,and Spinareoviridae.Notably,the presence of rotavirus was recorded in tree shrews for the first time.Three viruses-hepacivirus 1,parvovirus,and picornavirus-exhibited low genetic similarity(94%)to known viral strains.Phylogenetic analyses also revealed that the rotavirus and mammalian orthoreovirus identified in this study may be novel reassortants.These findings provide insights into the diverse viral spectrum present in captive Chinese tree shrews,highlighting the necessity for further research into their potential for crossspecies transmission.

关键词： Tree shrew(Tupaia belangeri chinensis) Meta-transcriptomic sequencing mammalian viruses Genomic analysis

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