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Artificial Intelligence Meets Flexible Sensors:Emerging Smart Flexible Sensing Systems Driven by Machine Learning and Artificial Synapses

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 235-273页

作者： Tianming Sun Bin Feng Jinpeng Huo yu xiao Wengan Wang Jin Peng Zehua Li Chengjie Du Wenxian Wang Guisheng Zou Lei Liu Department of Mechanical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced EquipmentKey Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing TechnologyMinistry of Education of PR ChinaTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China College of Materials Science and Engineering Shanxi ProvinceTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024People’s Republic of China

The recent wave of the artificial intelligence(AI)revolution has aroused unprecedented interest in the intelligentialize of human society.As an essential component that bridges the physical world and digital signals,flexible sensors are evolving from a single sensing element to a smarter system,which is capable of highly efficient acquisition,analysis,and even perception of vast,multifaceted data.While challenging from a manual perspective,the development of intelligent flexible sensing has been remarkably facilitated owing to the rapid advances of brain-inspired AI innovations from both the algorithm(machine learning)and the framework(artificial synapses)level.This review presents the recent progress of the emerging AI-driven,intelligent flexible sensing systems.The basic concept of machine learning and artificial synapses are introduced.The new enabling features induced by the fusion of AI and flexible sensing are comprehensively reviewed,which significantly advances the applications such as flexible sensory systems,soft/humanoid robotics,and human activity monitoring.As two of the most profound innovations in the twenty-first century,the deep incorporation of flexible sensing and AI technology holds tremendous potential for creating a smarter world for human beings.

关键词： Flexible electronics Wearable electronics Neuromorphic Memristor Deep learning

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Updated prevalence of latent prostate cancer in Chinese population and comparison of biopsy results: An autopsy-based study

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 80-87页

作者： yuliang Chen Zhien Zhou Yi Zhou Zhipeng Mai Shijie Jin Zhen Liang Zhiyuan Shang yuzhi Zuo yu xiao Wenze Wang Haibo Wang Weigang Yan Department of Urology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Beijing HospitalNational Centre of GerontologyBeijing 100730China Department of Pathology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China Peking University Clinical Research Institute Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China

Prostate cancer detected by autopsy is named latent prostate cancer.As the repertoire of clinical prostate cancer,latent cancer may better reflect the disease burden.Unlike clinical prostate specimens,which are obtained exclusively from biopsy-positive cases,prostate specimens obtained through autopsy provide information on biopsy-negative cases,helping calculate the true sensitivity of prostate biopsy.From 2014 to 2021,we collected autopsy specimens of the prostate from body donors in China and performed transperineal and transrectal biopsies on specimens before step-sectioning and pathological measurements.We found that the crude prevalence of latent prostate cancer in middle-aged and elderly men was 35.1%(81/231),which was higher than previous estimates for Chinese populations.The overall per-patient sensitivities of transperineal and transrectal biopsies were not significantly different(33.3%vs.32.1%,p=0.82),but the two approaches differed in preferential sampling area along the proximal-distal axis of the prostate.Transperineal biopsy had a higher sensitivity for detecting clinically significant lesions in the distal third(34.7%vs.16.3%,p=0.02)and distal half(30.6%vs.18.1%,p=0.04),while transrectal biopsy had a higher sensitivity for lesions in the proximal half(25.0%vs.13.9%,p=0.046).Both transperineal and transrectal methods of biopsy missed most small lesions(0.5 mL).In conclusion,the prevalence of latent prostate cancer in China has increased over the past 2 decades.Systematic transperineal and transrectal methods of biopsy had comparable sensitivities but had different preferential sampling areas.Both approaches miss one-third of large lesions.

关键词： biopsy prevalence latent

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Age Identity and Elderly Job Participation in China

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China Economist 2024年第3期19卷 104-127页

作者： yu xiao Wang Qihui Northeast Asian Research Center Jilin UniversityChangchunChina College of Northeast Asian Studies Jilin University

In the context of rising life expectancy,there is a significant discrepancy between Chinese seniors’self-perceptions of the start of old age and the expectations of society around this age.The traditional paradigm,which forecasts individual economic behavior and formulates economic policies based on societal standards of age,is put to the test by this disparity.This study,which draws from the China Longitudinal Aging Society Survey(CLASS),examines the factors,processes,and improvement strategies that affect how older people choose to work.The following are our conclusions:(i)Chinese elderly believe their old age starts from 70 years on average;delaying perceived old age is a denial of aging and raises the likelihood of finding work.Elders who are youthful at heart have a 2.4%higher chance of remaining employed than elders who are old at heart.(ii)In contrast to old-at-heart elders,young-at-heart elders are more likely to maintain their middle-age lifestyles,continue working,become motivated to engage in social activities,and gain the confidence to face challenges and continue in their career.(iii)If the perceived old age is above 70 years,the milestone event of aging is retirement from work,and there are external pressures,particularly pressures from family intergenerational support,the perception of old age will have a more proactive impact on older workers.(iv)Despite rising pension benefits,older people’s decision to remain in the workforce is still heavily influenced by their perception of their age.However,this effect is notably gender-specific,as older women’s decision to remain in the workforce is not greatly influenced by their own perception of their age.

关键词： Old age identity age values employment choice social recognition subjective age

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谷物和油料中甲酸乙酯和硫化羰本底水平评估

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粮油食品科技 2024年第3期32卷 16-29页

作者： Pushpendra KOLI Shalini MAHAWAR yu xiao Yong-lin REN 李燕羽(译) 默多克大学环境和生命科学学院澳大利亚珀斯WA6150 ICAR印度草原与饲料研究所动植物关系部印度占西UP284003 国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院粮食储运研究所

甲酸乙酯和硫化羰是潜在的储藏物熏蒸剂,广泛存在于大气、植物和土壤中。它们在新收获的谷物和储存的小麦、大麦、燕麦和油菜籽中的本底含量因商品、温度、含水量和储存期而异,其中甲酸乙酯含量为0.5~2.0 mg/kg,硫化羰含量为0.02~1.0 mg... 详细信息

甲酸乙酯和硫化羰是潜在的储藏物熏蒸剂,广泛存在于大气、植物和土壤中。它们在新收获的谷物和储存的小麦、大麦、燕麦和油菜籽中的本底含量因商品、温度、含水量和储存期而异,其中甲酸乙酯含量为0.5~2.0 mg/kg,硫化羰含量为0.02~1.0 mg/kg。两种成分含量在储存后的前4~5个月呈上升趋势,然后下降,在温度高于20℃,谷物和油菜籽含水量分别大于9.5%和5%时变化最明显。这些本底含量研究对开发甲酸乙酯和硫化羰作为储藏物熏蒸剂时制定最大残留限量(MRL)和市场接受度值有重要参考价值。

关键词：甲酸乙酯硫化羰熏蒸剂熏蒸剂本底水平谷物油料

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二硫化碳作为谷物熏蒸剂的新观点

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粮油食品科技 2024年第3期32卷 1-15页

作者： Jim DESMARCHELIER yu xiao Li GU Yong-lin REN 李燕羽(译) 默多克大学环境和生命科学学院澳大利亚珀斯WA 6150 国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院粮食储运研究所

虽然二硫化碳(CS_(2))是一种古老的熏蒸剂,但澳大利亚新数据以及中国和埃及已发表的研究数据使它可被人们重新关注。这些数据包括谷物质量、自然释放和加工食品中的残留,但目前并不广为人知。埃及研究数据显示,即使在400 mg/m^(3)高剂量... 详细信息

虽然二硫化碳(CS_(2))是一种古老的熏蒸剂,但澳大利亚新数据以及中国和埃及已发表的研究数据使它可被人们重新关注。这些数据包括谷物质量、自然释放和加工食品中的残留,但目前并不广为人知。埃及研究数据显示,即使在400 mg/m^(3)高剂量下,二硫化碳对水稻的发芽率和幼芽长度都没有影响。中国研究数据显示,200 mg/m^(3)高剂量对大麦、小麦、玉米、高粱、棉花、胡萝卜等大多数种子发芽率没有影响。本研究中150 mg/L剂量对澳大利亚小麦、大麦以及鹰嘴豆发芽率和幼芽长度的影响数据也证明了这一点。澳大利亚储藏谷物研究实验室(SGRL)的商业规模实验数据表明,二硫化碳在1000~1500 mg·h·L^(-1)的CT值(浓度×时间)范围内可杀死所有受试昆虫,并且对小麦最终产品质量没有影响。二硫化碳在谷物上的吸附力低于甲基溴,且主要是物理吸附。它会在谷物上有残留物,但这些残留物在储存和加工的过程中会被大量降解,而剩余的二硫化二苯醚残留物会在小麦制粉前的清理和润麦过程中减少。在制粉和烘烤的过程中,二硫化碳的残留量会逐渐减少。例如,将含有27 g/m^(3)二硫化碳的小麦在仓内密封放置6 d,然后通风24 h,清理会使制粉前的残留量从6.7 mg/kg降至4.6 mg/kg,润麦会使残留量从4.6 mg/kg降至2.2 mg/kg。在制粉的过程中,残留量会进一步减少,而在面条(甚至在烹饪前)、意大利面以及面包的制作过程中,残留量还会进一步减少。当前检测分析方法无法检测加工产品中的残留量(定量限值<0.005 mg/kg),且其残留水平与同一来源未经二硫化碳熏蒸的小麦制品相同。

关键词：熏蒸剂二硫化碳吸附性发芽率残留

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Exploration and Practice of“Four Integration and Four Innovation”Specialized and Creative Integration Talent Cultivation Mode:Taking Chongqing Energy Vocational College as an Example

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Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 2024年第4期8卷 296-303页

作者： Liyan Zhang Qingying Zhou yueming Zhan yu xiao Mingli Chen Chongqing Energy College Chongqing 402260China Chongqing No.94 Junior Middle School Chongqing 400080China

With the release of China Education Modernization 2035,education modernization has become a national strategic goal.In this context,Chongqing Energy Vocational College is actively exploring the“four integration and four innovation”specialized and creative integration talent cultivation mode,aiming at cultivating high-quality talents with innovative spirit and practical skills.This paper analyzes the status quo and challenges of talent cultivation in higher vocational education,puts forward the main practices of innovation-driven,creation and research,cross-border integration,and innovative practice,and has achieved remarkable results.Additionally,it summarizes the experience revelation and provides a reference for other higher vocational colleges and universities.

关键词： Specialized and creative integration Talent cultivation Higher vocational education Innovation-driven Cross-border integration

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Embracing the age of artificial intelligence:paradigm shifts,opportunities,and challenges in the treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1302-1304页

作者： Zhuo-yu An xiao-Hui Zhang Peking University People’s Hospital Peking University Institute of HematologyBeijing 100044China Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Peking UniversityBeijing 100044China Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Beijing 100044China National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease Beijing 100044China

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)is an important medical development in treating hematological disorders.However,the risk of acute graft-versus-host disease(a GVHD)severely limits its use.a GVHD is a severe and potentially fatal complication of alloHSCT that causes inflammation and tissue damage.It often targets the skin.

关键词： hematopoietic graft artificial

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Long-lived lunar volcanism sustained by precession-driven core-mantle friction

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 114-123页

作者： Shuoran yu xiao xiao Shengxia Gong Nicola Tosi Jun Huang Doris Breuer Long xiao Dongdong Ni State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences Macau University of Science and Technology Planetary Science Institute State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences CAS Key Laboratory of Planetary Sciences Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Institute of Planetary Research German Aerospace Centre(DLR)

Core-mantle friction induced by the precession of the Moon's spin axis is a strong heat source in the deep lunar mantle during the early phase of a satellite's evolution, but its influence on the long-term thermal evolution still remains poorly explored. Using a one-dimensional thermal evolution model, we show that core-mantle friction can sustain global-scale partial melting in the upper lunar mantle until ～3.1 Ga, thus accounting for the intense volcanic activity on the Moon before ～3.0 Ga. Besides, core-mantle friction tends to suppress the secular cooling of the lunar core and is unlikely to be an energy source for the long-lived lunar core dynamo. Our model also favours the transition of the Cassini state before the end of the lunar magma ocean phase(～4.2 Ga), which implies a decreasing lunar obliquity over time after the solidification of the lunar magma ocean. Such a trend of lunar obliquity evolution may allow volcanically released water to be buried in the lunar regolith of the polar regions. As a consequence, local water ice could be more abundant than previously thought when considering only its accumulation caused by solar wind and comet spreading.

关键词： Moon precession orbit volcanism

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Highly Thermoconductive,Strong Graphene‑Based Composite Films by Eliminating Nanosheets Wrinkles

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 328-340页

作者： Guang xiao Hao Li Zhizhou yu Haoting Niu Yagang Yao College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materialsand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNational Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093People’s Republic of China Institute of Laser Manufacturing Henan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou 450052People’s Republic of China Center for Quantum Transport and Thermal Energy Science School of Physics and TechnologyNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023People’s Republic of China

Graphene-based thermally conductive composites have been proposed as effective thermal management materials for cooling high-power electronic devices.However,when flexible graphene nanosheets are assembled into macroscopic thermally conductive composites,capillary forces induce shrinkage of graphene nanosheets to form wrinkles during solution-based spontaneous drying,which greatly reduces the thermal conductivity of the composites.Herein,graphene nanosheets/aramid nanofiber(GNS/ANF)composite films with high thermal conductivity were prepared by in-plane stretching of GNS/ANF composite hydrogel networks with hydrogen bonds andπ-πinteractions.The in-plane mechanical stretching eliminates graphene nanosheets wrinkles by suppressing inward shrinkage due to capillary forces during drying and achieves a high in-plane orientation of graphene nanosheets,thereby creating a fast in-plane heat transfer channel.The composite films(GNS/ANF-60 wt%)with eliminated graphene nanosheets wrinkles showed a significant increase in thermal conductivity(146 W m^(−1)K^(−1))and tensile strength(207 MPa).The combination of these excellent properties enables the GNS/ANF composite films to be effectively used for cooling flexible LED chips and smartphones,showing promising applications in the thermal management of high-power electronic devices.

关键词： Graphene Aramid nanofiber Wrinkles elimination In-plane stretching Thermal conductivity

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Thermodynamic nature of black holes in coexistence region

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 27-32页

作者： Shao-Wen Wei yu-xiao Liu Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Provinceand Key Laboratory of Quantum Theory and Applications of Mo ELanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute of Theoretical Physics&Research Center of Gravitation Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Studying the system state of coexistence regions will peek into to reveal microscopic interactions between different phases of a thermodynamic system.However,there is no effective method to study thermodynamic nature of the coexistence black hole regions for the failure of the equation of state.Aiming at these coexistence states,in this work,we develop a general approach by introducing two new ratio parameters.The first one is the ratio of the horizon radii of the saturated coexistence small and large black holes,and the second one measures that of the small black hole molecule number to the total molecule number.We demonstrate that the first parameter can serve as an order parameter to characterize the first-order phase transition.The study also shows that the black hole state in the coexistence region is uniquely determined by these two introduced parameters bounded between 0 and 1.These results are quite significant in the analytical study of phase transition and the microscopic nature of black hole in the coexistence regions.

关键词： transition. state. thermodynamic

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