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Development of an experimental method for well-controlled blast induced traumatic limb fracture in rats

Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 168-176页

作者： Luyang Xu xiancheng yu Clement DFavier Ibidumo Igah Thuy-Tien Nguyen Warren Macdonald Anthony MJ.Bull Centre for Blast Injury Studies Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Bioengineering Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Dyson School of Design Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Royal Free London National Health Service Foundation TrustLondonUnited Kingdom

Heterotopic ossification(HO)is a consequence of traumatic bone and tissue damage,which occurs in 65%of military casualties with blast-associated amputations.However,the mechanisms behind blast-induced HO remain unclear.Animal models are used to study blast-induced HO,but developing such models is challenging,particularly in how to use a pure blast wave(primary blast)to induce limb fracture that then requires an amputation.Several studies,including our recent study,have developed platforms to induce limb fractures in rats with blast loading or a mixture of blast and impact loading.However,these models are limited by the survivability of the animal and repeatability of the model.In this study,we developed an improved platform,aiming to improve the animal's survivability and injury repeatability as well as focusing on primary blast only.The platform exposed only one limb of the rat to a blast wave while providing proper protection to the rest of the rat's body.We obtained very consistent fracture outcome in the tibia(location and pattern)in cadaveric rats with a large range of size and weight.Importantly,the rats did not obviously move during the test,where movement is a potential cause of uncontrolled injury.We further conducted parametric studies by varying the features of the design of the platform.These factors,such as how the limb is fixed and how the cavity through which the limb is placed is sealed,significantly affect the resulting injury.This platform and test setups enable well-controlled limb fracture induced directly by pure blast wave,which is the fundamental step towards a complete in vivo animal model for blast-induced HO induced by primary blast alone,excluding secondary and tertiary blast injury.In addition,the platform design and the findings presented here,particularly regarding the proper protection of the animal,have implications for future studies investigating localized blast injuries,such as blast induced brain and lung injuries.

关键词： Blast injury Biomechanics Heterotopic ossification Limb fracture Blast wave Animal model

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A numerical model for bird strike on sidewall structure of an aircraft nose

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2014年第3期27卷 542-549页

作者： Liu Jun Li yulong Gao Xiaosheng yu xiancheng School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical University Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Akron

In order to examine the potential of using the coupled smooth particles hydrodynamic （SPH） and finite element （FE） method to predict the dynamic responses of aircraft structures in bird strike events, bird-strike tests on the sidewall structure of an aircraft nose are carried out and numerically simulated. The bird is modeled with SPH and described by the Murnaghan equation of state, while the structure is modeled with finite elements. A coupled SPH-FE method is developed to simulate the bird-strike tests and a numerical model is established using a commercial software PAM-CRASH. The bird model shows no signs of instability and correctly modeled the break-up of the bird into particles. Finally the dynamic response such as strains in the skin is simulated and compared with test results, and the simulated deformation and fracture process of the sidewall structure is compared with images recorded by a high speed camera. Good agreement between the simulation results and test data indicates that the coupled SPH-FE method can provide a very powerful tool in predicting the dynamic responses of aircraft structures in events of bird strike.

关键词： Bird strike Experiment Sidewall structure Simulation Smooth particles hydrodynamic （SPH） method

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脂蛋白对重症监护病房患者进展为慢性危重症的预测价值

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中华危重病急救医学 2024年第1期36卷 78-81页

作者：黄世杰陈显成陈鸣韩炎榆段剑峰刘加莉朱章华虞文魁南京中医药大学鼓楼临床医学院(南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院南京鼓楼医院)重症医学科江苏南京210008

目的探讨脂蛋白对重症患者进展为慢性危重症(CCI)的预测价值。方法采用回顾性队列研究方法,分析2020年1月1日至2022年12月31日南京鼓楼医院重症医学科收治患者的临床资料。收集患者入重症监护病房(ICU)1、3、7、14、21 d高密度脂蛋白(H... 详细信息

目的探讨脂蛋白对重症患者进展为慢性危重症(CCI)的预测价值。方法采用回顾性队列研究方法,分析2020年1月1日至2022年12月31日南京鼓楼医院重症医学科收治患者的临床资料。收集患者入重症监护病房(ICU)1、3、7、14、21 d高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)及载脂蛋白(ApoA-Ⅰ、ApoB)水平等临床数据,并记录患者是否进展为CCI,CCI定义为ICU住院时间≥14 d且持续存在器官功能障碍〔序贯器官衰竭评分(SOFA)≥2分〕。比较是否进展为CCI两组患者各类脂蛋白指标的差异;采用多因素Logistic回归法分析重症患者进展为CCI的危险因素;绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线),评价脂蛋白对重症患者进展为CCI的预测价值。结果最终共200例患者纳入分析,其中137例(68.5%)进展为CCI,63例(31.5%)未进展为CCI;CCI组患者各类脂蛋白指标经过急性期后呈下降趋势,而非CCI组各类脂蛋白指标呈上升趋势。CCI组患者各时间点HDL、LDL、ApoA-Ⅰ、ApoB均显著低于非CCI组;CCI组7 d HDL明显低于非CCI组〔mmol/L:0.44(0.31,0.61)比0.67(0.49,0.75),P<0.01〕。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,7 d HDL为重症患者进展为CCI的独立危险因素〔优势比(OR)=0.033,95%可信区间(95%CI)为0.004~0.282,P=0.002〕。ROC曲线分析显示,7 d HDL预测重症患者进展为CCI的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.702,95%CI为0.625~0.779,P<0.001;当最佳截断值为0.59 mmol/L时,敏感度为69.8%,特异度为72.4%。结论低水平脂蛋白与重症患者病情进展密切相关,且7 d HDL对重症患者进展为CCI具有一定的预测价值;连续观察脂蛋白水平变化趋势有助于判断重症患者的病情进展。

关键词：重症监护病房慢性危重症脂蛋白预后

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可恢复功能装配式剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

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地震工程与工程振动 2024年第1期44卷 61-72页

作者：叶建峰刘宪成颜桂云余勇胜陈亚辉刘如月福建理工大学土木工程学院福建福州350118 闽台合作土木工程技术福建省高校工程研究中心福建福州350118

提出一种由预制混凝土剪力墙和钢制耗能连接组成的可恢复功能装配式剪力墙结构(Recoverable precast shear wall with steel energy-dissipator,RPSW-SE),对其进行低周往复荷载试验,对比该装配式剪力墙与现浇混凝土剪力墙的破坏过程、... 详细信息

提出一种由预制混凝土剪力墙和钢制耗能连接组成的可恢复功能装配式剪力墙结构(Recoverable precast shear wall with steel energy-dissipator,RPSW-SE),对其进行低周往复荷载试验,对比该装配式剪力墙与现浇混凝土剪力墙的破坏过程、抗剪承载力、滞回性能和性能退化特征等。在第一次试验的基础上仅更换钢制耗能连接区中受损的钢制连接件进行受损试件的修复,再次进行低周往复加载试验,研究修复前后试件的滞回性能、抗剪承载力和耗能能力等抗震性能,分析该装配式剪力墙抗震性能的可恢复能力。研究结果表明:装配式剪力墙具有较好的整体性和抗剪性能,试件滞回曲线较为饱满,钢制耗能连接区先于混凝土墙体发生屈服并进行耗能,提高了结构的变形能力和耗能能力;改善了剪力墙的应力分布和损伤演变,试件的失效破坏由剪切连接板开缝处的小钢柱断裂引起,混凝土墙体中无明显塑性损伤;剪力墙中90.7%以上的耗能集中在钢制耗能连接区中,实现了损伤和耗能可控;受损试件修复后各项性能指标与原试件相近,说明钢制耗能连接装配式剪力墙具有较好的可恢复功能。

关键词：装配式剪力墙可恢复功能钢制耗能连接抗剪性能损伤与耗能可控拟静力试验

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GPD1基因新发突变p.K327N致高甘油三酯血症性急性胰腺炎反复发作1例报告

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临床肝胆病杂志 2024年第2期40卷 361-364页

作者：李孝尧段剑锋王大成陈显成张北源虞文魁南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院重症医学科南京210008

高甘油三酯血症为我国急性胰腺炎的第二大病因,可以由原发性因素即基因突变引起,所导致的高甘油三酯血症性急性胰腺炎(HTG-AP)易反复发作,且甘油三酯水平难以有效控制。本文报道了1例罹患8次HTG-AP的中国成年男性患者,发现其携带GPD1新... 详细信息

高甘油三酯血症为我国急性胰腺炎的第二大病因,可以由原发性因素即基因突变引起,所导致的高甘油三酯血症性急性胰腺炎(HTG-AP)易反复发作,且甘油三酯水平难以有效控制。本文报道了1例罹患8次HTG-AP的中国成年男性患者,发现其携带GPD1新发杂合突变p.K327N,可能导致甘油三酯水平持续较高及HTG-AP反复发作。

关键词：高甘油三酯血症胰腺炎甘油磷酸脱氢酶突变

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Precipitation and heterogeneous strengthened CoCrNi-based medium entropy alloy with excellent strength-ductility combination from room to cryogenic temperatures

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第8期65卷 1780-1797页

作者： XIE yu ZHAO PengCheng TONG YongGang TAN JianPing SUN BinHan CUI Yan WANG RunZi ZHANG xiancheng TU ShanTung Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety Ministry of EducationSchool of Mechanical and Power EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China College of Automobile and Mechanical Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Institute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry&Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

The improved understandings of the mechanical properties as well as deformation mechanisms at cryogenic temperatures are the prerequisite for realizing the application of any new engineering materials to cryogenic industries.Here,a(CoCrNi)_(94)Al_(3)Ti_(3) medium entropy alloy(MEA)with nanoscale L12 coherent precipitates and heterogeneous grain structures was prepared by codoping Al and Ti elements with subsequent cold rolling and heat treatment processes.The mechanical properties were evaluated at the temperature range of 293–113 K.The ultimate strength of the MEA increases almost linearly from 1326 to 1695 MPa as the temperature decreases from 293 to 113 K,while the total elongation remains approximately constant of~35%.The underlying deformation and strengthening mechanisms were investigated using various characterization techniques.Due to the effect of co-doped Al/Ti on channel width of the matrix and the increasing critical twinning stress induced by heterogeneous ultrafine grain size,the formation of deformation twins is inhibited at all temperatures.Consequently,only a slight increase of the deformation twins and stacking faults in the deformed specimens with a decreasing temperature,which leads to the relative temperature-independence of the ductility.The dislocation cutting mechanism of L1_(2) coherent precipitates and the heterodeformation induced(HDI)hardening both significantly contribute to the strain hardening so that an excellent combination of strength and ductility is obtained.Additionally,the evolution of lattice friction stress with deformation temperature is determined by quantitative analysis,indicating an approximately linear relationship between the lattice friction and temperature.The present work provides new insights into the strategy of achieving outstanding strength-ductility synergy of the MEA under the wide temperature range by coupling heterogeneous ultrafine-grained structure and coherent precipitation strategy.

关键词： medium entropy alloy cryogenic temperature heterogeneous structure precipitation strengthening twinning

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Effects of post annealing on the microstructure,precipitation behavior,and mechanical property of a(CoCrNi)_(94)Al_(3)Ti_(3)medium-entropy alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第4期135卷 142-155页

作者： Zhuang Li Pengcheng Zhao Tiwen Lu Kai Feng Yonggang Tong Binhan Sun Ning Yao yu Xie Bolun Han xiancheng Zhang Shantung Tu Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety Ministry of EducationSchool of Mechanical and Power EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China College of Automobile and Mechanical Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China

The additive manufacturing of multi-principal element alloys has remarkable potential for industrial ap-plications.In this study,a(CoCrNi)_(94)Al_(3)Ti_(3)medium-entropy alloy(MEA)with adequate strength-ductility synergy was prepared via laser powder bed fusion.The microstructural evolution,mechanical property,and deformation mechanisms of the MEA were investigated after post annealing for a short period(0.5 h)at a temperature range of 773-1373 K using various microstructural characterization techniques and quantitative analysis.The static recrystallization temperature of the(CoCrNi)_(94)Al_(3)Ti_(3)MEA ranged from 973 to 1073 K.The average grain size first decreased and then increased,while the dislocation den-sity persistently decreased and texture gradually weakened with increasing annealing temperature.Cr-richσ-phase precipitates formed after 1073 K and then gradually dissolved at 1373 K,while Ni,Al,and Ti elements were aggregated to form a small amount of fine L1_(2)coherent precipitates with an aver-age diameter of approximately 70 nm at 1373 K.The evolution of the dislocation density,grain size,and precipitates significantly influenced the propensity of deformation twins and stacking faults,which consequently affected the strain hardening behavior and mechanical properties.The quantitative calcu-lation of strengthening mechanisms showed that dislocation strengthening played a dominant role at annealing temperatures below 1073 K,and it significantly weakened at 1373 K.Precipitation and grain boundary strengthening both markedly increased owing to the formation of precipitation particles and recrystallization-induced grain refinement after annealing at 1073 K.

关键词： Medium-entropy alloy Additive manufacturing Heat treatment Strengthening mechanism Microstructural evolution

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Design of aircraft structures against threat of bird strikes

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2018年第7期31卷 1535-1558页

作者： Jun LIU yulong LI xiancheng yu Xiaosheng GAO Zongxing LIU School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical University Dyson School of Design Engineering College of Engineering Imperial College Department of Mechanical Engineering the University of Akron

In this paper, a method to design bird-strike-resistant aircraft structures is presented and illustrated through examples. The focus is on bird strike experiments and simulations. The explicit finite element software PAM-CRASH is employed to conduct bird strike simulations, and a coupled Smooth Particles Hydrodynamic（SPH） and Finite Element（FE） method is used to simulate the interaction between a bird and a target structure. The SPH method is explained, and an SPH bird model is established. Constitutive models for various structural materials, such as aluminum alloys, composite materials, honeycomb, and foam materials that are used in aircraft structures,are presented, and model parameters are identified by conducting various material tests. Good agreements between simulation results and experimental data suggest that the numerical model is capable of predicting the dynamic responses of various aircraft structures under a bird strike,and numerical simulation can be used as a tool to design bird-strike-resistant aircraft structures.

关键词： Bird strike Cover sheet Design of aircraft structures Horizontal tail Vertical tail

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锆富氢新材料中发现高于70 K的高温超导性质

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Science Bulletin 2022年第9期67卷 907-909,M0003页

作者： Changling Zhang Xin He Zhiwen Li Sijia Zhang Shaomin Feng xiancheng Wang Richeng yu Changqing Jin Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China

氢是周期表里质量最轻的元素,早期理论预测氢在超高压条件可以呈现固体金属态,根据BCS电声耦合理论推测金属氢可能具有高温超导特性.然而实现纯氢的金属化需要很高的压力,技术复杂极具挑战.富氢化合物可以对氢提供“化学预压缩”,有可... 详细信息

氢是周期表里质量最轻的元素,早期理论预测氢在超高压条件可以呈现固体金属态,根据BCS电声耦合理论推测金属氢可能具有高温超导特性.然而实现纯氢的金属化需要很高的压力,技术复杂极具挑战.富氢化合物可以对氢提供“化学预压缩”,有可能在较低压力实现以氢为主的金属化和超导,目前实验上已经在硫、稀土和碱土金属等富氢化物材料发现高温超导现象.本文作者运用自行研发的先进的超高压和激光加热一体化的极端条件集成技术,在~220 GPa、2000 K的高压高温条件下成功合成了高质量的锆富氢新化合物,并在锆富氢化合物中发现高压在位诱导的临界转变温度(T;)高达71 K的超导现象,这是首次在4d过渡金属氢化物发现高温超导.

关键词：高温超导超导现象高压高温激光加热金属化临界转变温度极端条件金属氢

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Colossal negative magnetoresistance in spin glass Na(Zn,Mn)Sb

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Journal of Semiconductors 2023年第3期44卷 62-67页

作者： Shuang yu Yi Peng Guoqiang Zhao Jianfa Zhao xiancheng Wang Jun Zhang Zheng Deng Changqing Jin Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

We report the study of magnetic and transport properties of polycrystalline and single crystal Na(Zn,Mn)Sb,a new member of“111”type of diluted magnetic materials.The material crystallizes into Cu2Sb-type structure which is isostructural to“111”type Fe-based superconductors.With suitable carrier and spin doping,the Na(Zn,Mn)Sb establishes spin-glass ordering with freezing temperature(Tf)below 15 K.Despite lack of long-range ferromagnetic ordering,Na(Zn,Mn)Sb single crystal still shows sizeable anomalous Hall effect below Tf.Carrier concentration determined by Hall effect measurements is over 1019 cm-3.More significantly,we observe colossal negative magnetoresistance(MR≡[ρ(H)−ρ(0)]/ρ(0))of-94%in the single crystal sample.

关键词： colossal negative magnetoresistance spin glass diluted magnetic materials

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