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Clinical diagnostic advances in intestinal anastomotic techniques:Hand suturing,stapling,and compression devices

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1231-1234页

作者： Ah young Lee Joo young cho Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCha Gangnam Medical CenterCha University College of MedicineSeoul 06135South Korea

The development of intestinal anastomosis techniques,including hand suturing,stapling,and compression anastomoses,has been a significant advancement in surgical practice.These methods aim to prevent leakage and minimize tissue fibrosis,which can lead to stricture formation.The healing process involves various phases:hemostasis and inflammation,proliferation,and remodeling.Mechanical staplers and sutures can cause inflammation and fibrosis due to the release of profibrotic chemokines.Compression anastomosis devices,including those made of nickel-titanium alloy,offer a minimally invasive option for various surgical challenges and have shown safety and efficacy.However,despite advancements,anastomotic techniques are evaluated based on leakage risk,with complications being a primary concern.Newer devices like Magnamosis use magnetic rings for compression anastomosis,demonstrating greater strength and patency compared to stapling.Magnetic technology is also being explored for other medical treatments.While there are promising results,particularly in animal models,the realworld application in humans is limited,and further research is needed to assess their safety and practicality.

关键词： Anastomoses Diagnostic advances,Anastomotic techniques Technique Intestine

Direct 4D printing of functionally graded hydrogel networks for biodegradable,untethered,and multimorphic soft robots

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第2期6卷 407-416页

作者： Soo young cho Dong Hae Ho Sae Byeok Jo Jeong Ho cho Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061United States of America School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Recent advances in functionally graded additive manufacturing(FGAM)technology have enabled the seamless hybridization of multiple functionalities in a single structure.Soft robotics can become one of the largest beneficiaries of these advances,through the design of a facile four-dimensional(4D)FGAM process that can grant an intelligent stimuli-responsive mechanical functionality to the printed objects.Herein,we present a simple binder jetting approach for the 4D printing of functionally graded porous multi-materials(FGMM)by introducing rationally designed graded multiphase feeder beds.Compositionally graded cross-linking agents gradually form stable porous network structures within aqueous polymer particles,enabling programmable hygroscopic deformation without complex mechanical designs.Furthermore,a systematic bed design incorporating additional functional agents enables a multi-stimuli-responsive and untethered soft robot with stark stimulus selectivity.The biodegradability of the proposed 4D-printed soft robot further ensures the sustainability of our approach,with immediate degradation rates of 96.6%within 72 h.The proposed 4D printing concept for FGMMs can create new opportunities for intelligent and sustainable additive manufacturing in soft robotics.

关键词： intelligent and sustainable additive manufacturing multi-material four-dimensional printing untethered soft robot multi-stimuli-responsive soft robot biodegradable soft robotics

Depolarization mitigated in ferroelectric Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)ultrathin films(<5 nm)on Si substrate by interface engineering

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第3期13卷 282-292页

作者： Se Hyun Kim younghwan Lee Dong Hyun Lee Geun Hyeong Park Hyun Woo Jeong Kun Yang Yong Hyeon cho young Yong Kim Min Hyuk Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Research Institute of Advanced Materials College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Pohang Accelerator Laboratory Pohang University of Science&TechnologyPohang 790784Republic of Korea

(Hf,Zr)O_(2)offers considerable potential for next-generation semiconductor devices owing to its nonvolatile spontaneous polarization at the nanoscale.However,scaling this material to sub-5 nm thickness poses several challenges,including the formation of an interfacial layer and high trap concentration.In particular,a low-k SiO_(2)interfacial layer is naturally formed when(Hf,Zr)O_(2)films are directly grown on a Si substrate,leading to high depolarization fields and rapid reduction of the remanent polarization.To address these issues,we conducted a study to significantly improve ferroelectricity and switching endurance of(Hf,Zr)O_(2)films with sub-5 nm thicknesses by inserting a TiO_(2)interfacial layer.The deposition of a Ti film prior to Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film deposition resulted in a high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer and prevented the direct contact of Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)with Si.Our findings show that the high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer can reduce the SiO_(2)/Si interface trap density and the depolarization field,resulting in a switchable polarization of 60.2μC/cm^(2)for a 5 nm thick Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film.Therefore,we propose that inserting a high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer between the Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film and the Si substrate may offer a promising solution to enhancing the ferroelectricity and reliability of(Hf,Zr)O_(2)grown on the Si substrate and can pave the way for next-generation semiconductor devices with improved performance.

关键词： ferroelectric charge trapping hafnia depolarization

High mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system:regeneration hidden beneath inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 107-115页

作者： Hanki Kim Bum Jun Kim Seungyon Koh Hyo Jin cho Xuelian Jin Byung Gon Kim Jun young choi Department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Ajou University Graduate School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Neurology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Geriatrics The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuqianJiangsu ProvinceChina

High-mobility group box 1 was first discovered in the calf thymus as a DNA-binding nuclear protein and has been widely studied in diverse fields,including neurology and neuroscience.High-mobility group box 1 in the extracellular space functions as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern,which has been proven to play an important role in a wide variety of central nervous system disorders such as ischemic stroke,Alzheimer’s disease,frontotemporal dementia,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,epilepsy,and traumatic brain injury.Several drugs that inhibit high-mobility group box 1 as a damage-associated molecular pattern,such as glycyrrhizin,ethyl pyruvate,and neutralizing anti-high-mobility group box 1 antibodies,are commonly used to target high-mobility group box 1 activity in central nervous system disorders.Although it is commonly known for its detrimental inflammatory effect,high-mobility group box 1 has also been shown to have beneficial pro-regenerative roles in central nervous system disorders.In this narrative review,we provide a brief summary of the history of high-mobility group box 1 research and its characterization as a damage-associated molecular pattern,its downstream receptors,and intracellular signaling pathways,how high-mobility group box 1 exerts the repair-favoring roles in general and in the central nervous system,and clues on how to differentiate the pro-regenerative from the pro-inflammatory role.Research targeting high-mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system may benefit from differentiating between the two functions rather than overall suppression of high-mobility group box 1.

关键词： central nervous system damage-associated molecular pattern ethyl pyruvate glycyrhizzin high mobility group box 1 inflammation neural stem cells neurodevelopment oligodendrocyte progenitor cells redox status regeneration

Capsosiphon fulvescens suppresses LPS-stimulated inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4/NF-κB activation in RAW264.7 murine macrophages

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第3期14卷 115-126页

作者： Seon Yeong Ji EunJin Bang Hyun Hwangbo Min Yeong Kim Da Hye Kim Su Hyun Hong Shin-Hyung Park Chang-young Kwon Gi-young Kim You-Jin Jeon Suengmok cho Yung Hyun choi Department of Biochemistry Dong-eui University College of Korean MedicineBusan 47227Republic of Korea Basic Research Laboratory for the Regulation of Microplastic-Mediated Diseases and Anti-Aging Research Center Dong-eui UniversityBusan 47227Republic of Korea Department of Pathology Dong-eui University College of Korean MedicineBusan 47227Republic of Korea Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry Dong-eui University College of Korean MedicineBusan 47227Republic of Korea Department of Marine Life Science Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea Department of Food Science and Technology/Institute of Food Science Pukyong National UniversityBusan 48513Republic of Korea

Objective:To evaluate the effects of Capsosiphon fulvescens(C.fulvescens)ethanolic extract on inflammation in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW296.7 macrophages.Methods:The protective effects of C.fulvescens ethanolic extract on LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages were assessed using biochemical analysis,including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and Western blot analysis.To examine reactive oxygen species(ROS)production,flow cytometry analysis,and immunofluorescence staining were used.Furthermore,the modulatory effect of C.fulvescens ethanolic extract on NF-κB activation was investigated.Results:C.fulvescens ethanolic extract significantly attenuated LPS-induced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and notably reduced the secretion and mRNA levels of LPS-mediated matrix metalloproteinases.In addition,C.fulvescens ethanolic extract decreased ROS production and suppressed the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.Conclusions:C.fulvescens ethanolic extract alleviates inflammation as well as oxidative stress by modulating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages.C.fulvescens can be used as a potential therapeutic agent to suppress inflammation and oxidative stress-associated diseases.

关键词： Capsosiphon fulvescens Inflammation Oxidative stress NF-κB Nrf2 TLR4

Regional anesthesia in a patient with primary ciliary dyskinesia:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 3183-3187页

作者： Hyung Joon Park Ye Hwan Kim young Joon Yoon Sang Yun cho Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Hanyang University Guri HospitalGuri-si 471-701Gyeonggi-doSouth Korea

BACKGROUND Primary ciliary dyskinesia(PCD)is an inherited autosomal-recessive disorder of impaired mucociliary clearance characterized by chronic respiratory diseases,otolaryngological diseases,central nervous system abnormalities,reproductive system abnormalities,and cardiac function abnormalities.General anesthesia in these patients is associated with a higher incidence of respiratory complications than in patients without the disease.CASE SUMMARY A 16-year-old male patient was referred to the emergency room complaining of right ankle pain due to distal tibiofibular fracture.Three years prior,he had been diagnosed with PCD.At that time,he had experienced several episodes of pneumonia,sinusitis,and chronic middle ear infections,for which he underwent surgical interventions.At the current admission,he presented with cough and sputum but no other respiratory symptoms.A chest computed tomography scan revealed centrilobular ground-glass opacities in both lower lobes and a calcified nodule in the left lower lobe.For the surgical procedure and postoperative pain management,combined spinal-epidural anesthesia was employed.The patient’s postoperative pain score was measured by the numerical rating scale(NRS).On the day of surgery,his NRS was 5 points.By the second postoperative day,the NRS score had decreased to 2–3 points.The epidural catheter was removed on the fourth day following the operation.The patient was subsequently discharged no respiratory complications.CONCLUSION We performed combined spinal-epidural anesthesia in a patient with PCD.The patient experienced no additional respiratory complications and was discharged with a low NRS score for pain.

关键词： Primary ciliary dyskinesia Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia Patient controlled epidural analgesia Lower limb operation Case report

Impact of statin intensity on adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events in older adult patients with myocardial infarction

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2021年第8期18卷 609-622页

作者： In Tae Moon Si-Hyuck Kang Wonjae Lee youngjin cho Jin Joo Park Yeonyee EYoon Il-young Oh Chang-Hwan Yoon Jung-Won Suh Tae-Jin Youn In-Ho Chae Dong-Ju choi young-seok cho Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center Eulji University School of MedicineUijeongbuSouth Korea Seoul National University Bundang Hospital SeongnamSouth Korea Department of Cardiology Incheon Sejong HospitalIncheonSouth Korea

BACKGROUND There is insufficient evidence regarding the effect of high-intensity statin therapy in older adults.This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-intensity statin treatment on the clinical outcomes in older adults with myocardial infarc-tion(MI).METHODS Consecutive patients with MI aged at least 75 years were analyzed retrospectively.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events(MACCE),defined as a composite of all-cause death,MI,rehospitalization due to un-stable angina,repeat revascularization,and ischemic stroke.The high-intensity group was compared to the low-to-moderate in-tensity group in the propensity score-matched cohort.RESULTS Average age of total 546 patients was 81 years.Among them,84%of patients underwent percutaneous coronary in-tervention.The unadjusted seven-year MACCE rate differed by statin intensity(high-intensity statin group:38%,moderate-intensity statin group:42%,low-intensity statin group:56%,and no-statin group:61%,P=0.004).However,among these groups,many baseline characteristics were significantly different.Among the 74 propensity score-matched pairs,which lacked any significant differences in all baseline characteristics,the high-intensity group had a significantly lower rate of MACCE than the low-to-moderate intensity group(37%vs.53%,P=0.047).Follow-up low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the high-intensity group than that in the low-to-moderate intensity group(69.4±16.0 mg/dL vs.77.9±25.9 mg/dL,P=0.026).CONCLUSIONS In older adult patients with MI,the use of high-intensity statin caused significantly less occurrence of MACCE in comparison to that in low-to-moderate intensity for up to seven years of follow-up.

关键词： patients cardiac intensity

Gene editing particle system as a therapeutic approach for drug-resistant colorectal cancer

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Nano Research 2020年第6期13卷 1576-1585页

作者： Jee-Yeon Ryu You Jung choi Eun-Jeong Won Emmanuel Hui Ho-Shik Kim young-seok cho Tae-Jong Yoon Laboratory of Nanopharmacy College of PharmacyResearch Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology(RIPST)Ajou UniversitySuwon16499Republic of Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineSeoul St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul06591Republic of Korea Moogene Medi Co. Ltd.Seongnam13488Republic of Korea

The epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)pathway plays an important role in the progression of colorectal cancer(CRC).Anti-EGFR drugs based on antibodies have been widely used for treating CRC through inducing the cell death pathway.However,the majority of CRC patients will inevitably develop drug-resistance during anti-EGFR drug treatment,which is mainly caused by a point mutation in the KRAS oncogene.We developed a nanoliposomal(NL)particle containing the Cas9 protein and a single-guide RNA(sgRNA)complex(Cas9-RNP),for genomic editing of the KRAS mutation.The NL particle is composed of bio-compatible lipid compounds that can effectively encapsulate Cas9-RNP.By modifying the NL particle to include the appropriate antibody,it can specifically recognize EGFR expressing CRC and effectively deliver the gene-editing complexes.The conditions of NL treatment were optimized using a KRAS mutated CRC in vivo mouse model.Mice with KRAS-mutated CRC showed drug resistance against cetuximab,a therapeutic antibody drug.After treating the mice with the KRAS gene-editing NL particles,the implanted tumors showed a dramatic decrease in size.Our results demonstrated that this genomic editing complex has great potential as a therapeutic carrier system for the treatment of drug-resistant cancer caused by a point mutation.

关键词： nanoliposome clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat and associated Cas9 nuclease(CRISPR/Cas9) KRAS mutation drug-resistance colorectal cancer

Is percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement safe in patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunts?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第25期15卷 3148-3152页

作者： Jin-Soo Kim Yong-Wan Park Hyung-Keun Kim young-seok cho Sung-Soo Kim Na-Ri Youn Hiun-Suk Chae Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaUijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital

AIM:To investigate whether percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement is safe in patients with ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts.METHODS: This was a retrospective study of all patients undergoing PEG insertion at our institution between June 1999 and June 2006. Post-PEG complications were compared between two groups according to the presence or absence of VP shunts. VP shunt infection rates, the interval between PEG placement and VP shunt catheter insertion, and long-term follow-up were also investigated.RESULTS: Fifty-five patients qualified for the study. Seven patients (12.7%) had pre-existing VP shunts. All patients received prophylactic antibiotics. The complication rate did not differ between VP shunt patients undergoing PEG (PEG/VP group) and non-VP shunt patients undergoing PEG (control group) [1 (14.3%) vs 6 (12.5%), P=1.000]. All patients in the PEG/VP group had undergone VP shunt insertion prior to PEG placement. The mean interval between VP shunt insertion and PEG placement was 308.7 d (range, 65-831 d). The mean follow-up duration in the PEG/VP group was 6.4 mo (range, 1-15 mo). There were no VP shunt infections, although one patient in the PEG/VP group developed a minor peristomal infection during follow-up.CONCLUSION: Complications following PEG placement in patients with VP shunts were infrequent in this study.

关键词：分流安全内镜聚乙二醇脑时间平均胃并发症