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Isoleucine, an Essential Amino Acid, Induces the Expression of Human <i>β</i>Defensin 2 through the Activation of the G-Protein Coupled Receptor-ERK Pathway in the Intestinal Epithelia

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第4期3卷 548-555页

作者： youkou konno Toshifumi Ashida Yuhei Inaba Takahiro Ito Hiroki Tanabe Atsuo Maemoto Tokiyoshi Ayabe Yusuke Mizukami Mikihiro Fujiya Yutaka Kohgo Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology Department of Medicine Asahikawa Medical University Asahikawa Japan IBD Center Sapporo Higashi Tokushukai Hospital Sapporo Japan Innate Immunity Laboratory Department of Cellular Life Science Faculty of Advanced Life Science Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan

Anti-microbial peptides are essential for the intestinal innate immunity that protects the intestinal epithelia from attacks by foreign pathogens. Human β-defensin (HBD) is one of the pivotal anti-microbial peptides that are expressed in the colonic epithelia. This study investigated the effect and the signaling mechanism of inducible β-defensin HBD2 by an essential amino acid, isoleucine (Ile) in colonic epithelial cells. Here we examined the expression level of HBD2 on induction of Ile in epithelial cells, and checked this pathway. HBD2 mRNA was induced by co-incubation with IL-1α and Ile in Caco2 cells, but not by Ile alone. An inhibitor of either ERK or Gi, a subunit of G-proteins, reduced the induction of HBD2 mRNA by Ile. The treatment with Ile also increased the intracellular calcium ion concentration, thus suggesting that the GPCR and ERK signaling pathway mediate the effects of Ile. These results indicate that an essential amino acid, Ile, enhances the expression of an inducible β-defensin, namely HBD2, by IL-1α through the activation of GPCRs and ERK signaling pathway. The administration of Ile may therefore represent a possible option to safely treat intestinal inflammation.

关键词： Isoleucine Human β-Defensin G-Protein Coupled Receptor Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases Pathway Inflammatory Bowel Disease Crohn’s Disease

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Runout of submarine landslide simulated with material point method

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2017年第3期29卷 438-444页

作者： youkou Dong Dong Wang Mark F.Randolph Centre for Offshore Foundation Systems the University of Western Australia Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering Ocean University of China

Most of the present knowledge on submarine landslides relies upon back-analysis of post-failure deposits identified using geophysical *** this paper,the runout of slides on rigid bases is explored using the material point method（MPM）with focus on the geotechnical aspects of the *** MPM,the sliding material and bases are discretised into a number of Lagrangian particles,and a background Eulerian mesh is employed to update the state of the *** morphologies of the slide can be reproduced by tracking the Lagrangian particles in the dynamic processes.A real case history of a submarine slide is back-analyzed with the MPM and also a depth-averaged *** of the slides from steep slopes to moderate bases are *** different combinations of soil and basal parameters are assumed to trigger runout mechanisms of elongation,block sliding and *** runout distances predicted by the MPM match well with those from large deformation finite element analysis for the elongation and block sliding *** and grabens are shaped in a spreading ***,the current MPM simulations for materials with high sensitivities are relatively mesh sensitive.

关键词： Submarine landslide runout morphology material point method large deformation

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SX-fraction:Promise for novel treatment of type 2 diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2020年第12期11卷 572-583页

作者： Sensuke konno Department of Urology New York Medical CollegeValhallaNY 10595United States

SX-fraction(SXF)is a bioactive glycoprotein with anti-diabetic and hypoglycemic activities that have been documented in several *** have reviewed those studies herein and also explored the possible mechanism of its hypoglycemic *** early animal studies of SXF using diabetic mice showed the significant reduction in the three diabetic parameters,serum glucose,insulin,and triglyceride,suggesting its anti-diabetic *** limited clinical studies also showed that SXF led to the significant reduction in the fasting blood glucose levels of type 2 diabetic patients within 2 wk or a month,suggesting its hypoglycemic *** explore the hypoglycemic mechanism of SXF,its possible effects on the insulin signal transduction pathway was examined in ***,activities of insulin receptor,insulin receptor substrate 1,and protein kinase B,which are essential elements playing a key regulatory role in the signal pathway,were studied using skeletal muscle L6 *** status of these three parameters were examined under a high glucose(35 mmol/L)milieu with SXF and assessed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** studies revealed that all three parameters(insulin receptor,insulin receptor substrate 1,and protein kinase B)were inactivated by high glucose,indicating a disruption of the signal ***,such an inactivation was reversed or re-activated by SXF to successfully carry out the sequential signaling *** fact,a measurement of glucose uptake in cells showed that SXF did increase a glucose uptake while high glucose decreased ***,SXF has anti-diabetic and hypoglycemic activities through activation of the insulin signal pathway and appears to be a safe,natural agent for lowering the serum glucose levels in type 2 diabetic patents and improving their diabetic conditions.

关键词： SX-fraction Diabetes Anti-diabetic Hypoglycemic Insulin signal pathway

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Wound healing of intestinal epithelial cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第17期17卷 2161-2171页

作者： Masahiro Iizuka Shiho konno Akita Health Care Center Akita Red Cross HospitalAkita 010-0001Japan

The intestinal epithelial cells(IECs) form a selective permeability barrier separating luminal content from underlying *** injury,the intestinal epithelium undergoes a wound healing *** wound healing is dependent on the balance of three cellular events;restitution,proliferation,and differentiation of epithelial cells adjacent to the wounded *** studies have shown that various regulatory peptides,including growth factors and cytokines,modulate intestinal epithelial wound *** studies have revealed that novel factors,which include toll-like receptors(TLRs),regulatory peptides,particular dietary factors,and some gastroprotective agents,also modulate intestinal epithelial wound *** these factors,the activation of TLRs by commensal bacteria is suggested to play an essential role in the maintenance of gut *** studies suggest that mutations and dysregulation of TLRs could be major contributing factors in the predisposition and perpetuation of inflammatory bowel ***,studies have shown that specific signaling pathways are involved in IEC wound *** this review,we summarize the function of IECs,the process of intestinal epithelial wound healing,and the functions and mechanisms of the various factors that contribute to gut homeostasis and intestinal epithelial wound healing.

关键词： Intestinal epithelial cell Wound healing Restitution Growth factors Toll-like receptor

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Comparative TEM investigation on the precipitation behaviors in Cu-15wt% Sn alloy

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Rare Metals 2013年第2期32卷 139-143页

作者： Zeng-Jie Wang konno J. Toyohiko Chao-Li Ma School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University

The decomposition and precipitation behaviors of a quenched Cu-15wt%Sn alloy as a function of aging temperature were investigated using transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. Focused ion beam （FIB） was employed to assist TEM specimen preparation. At 300 ℃, the decomposition of the supersaturated phase occurred at grain boundaries, displaying a cellular morphology. The lamellae were found with and phases, rather than with the equilibrium e and phases. The and phases exhibit a welldefined orientation relationship （OR） as On the other hand, at 320 ℃, only incipient lamellar structures of several micron meters were observed, which were composed of the 6 and phases. At the same time, abundant intragranular precipitation of the e phase in the form of platelets was observed, and OR as （lil）J/ （001）, [110] J/[100] exists between e phase and the ct phase. These contrasting precipitation behaviors are discussed from the viewpoint of crystallographic coherency of these phases.

关键词： Cu-Sn alloy Precipitation behaviorsFocused ion beam (FIB) TEM Crystallography

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Forearm compartment syndrome due to acquired hemophilia that required massive blood transfusions after fasciotomy:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第31期9卷 9592-9597页

作者： Takuya Kameda Takeru Yokota Soichi Ejiri Shin-ichi konno Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Fukushima Medical UniversityFukushima 960-1295FukushimaJapan Department of Hand and Limb Reconstructive Surgery Fukushima Medical UniversityFukushima 960-1295FukushimaJapan

BACKGROUND Acquired hemophilia is *** some cases,the bleeding in muscle causes compartment ***,it is not clear whether fasciotomy should be performed for the compartment syndrome caused by acquired hemophilia because of the risk of bleeding and the unknown functional *** SUMMARY A 75-year-old woman was admitted with severe pain of the right forearm with no preceding traumatic *** right forearm was obviously swollen,and stretch pain was *** hematomas were suspected in various parts of the *** pressure was 110 mmHg on the volar *** partial thromboplastin time(aPTT)was prolonged to 54.9 *** was performed,and hematoma was observed in the volar *** laboratory examinations revealed a low level of factor Ⅷ(FⅧ)activity(12.5%)and a high level of FⅧ inhibitor(15.2 bethesda units/mL).Acquired hemophilia A was *** recombinant clotting factors were administered,transfusion of red blood cells reached 46 units(140 mL/unit).Hemostasis was achieved 9 d after *** total cost of the clotting factor concentrates administered reached 28834600 *** prednisolone,FⅧ activity and aPTT recovered *** function of the hand was good in the index finger and excellent in the *** Fasciotomy resulted in good function of the hand in a case of non-traumatic compartment syndrome caused by acquired hemophilia,but life-threatening bleeding occurred,and the cost of clotting factor treatment was *** of sufficient blood transfusion,preoperative administration of recombinant activated clotting factor Ⅶ,and prompt fasciotomy could be ideal for such cases.

关键词： Acquired hemophilia Compartment syndrome Fasciotomy Bleeding Cost Case report

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Computational analyses for cancer biology based on exhaustive experimental backgrounds

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第3期2卷 419-427页

作者： Jun Koseki Masamitsu konno Hideshi Ishii Department of Medical Data Science Osaka UniversityOsaka565-0871Japan Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy Osaka UniversityOsaka565-0871Japan

Antitumor drug therapy plays a very important role in cancer ***,resistance to chemotherapy is a serious *** studies have been conducted to understand and verify the cause of chemoresistance from multiple points of view such as oncogenes,tumor suppressor genes,DNA mutations and repairs,autophagy,cancer stemness,and mitochondrial metabolism and ***,not only medical data from hospitals but also public big data exist on internet ***,the importance of computational science has vastly increased in biological and medical *** statistical or mathematical analyses of these medical data with conventional experiments,many researchers have recently shown that there is a strong relationship between the biological metabolism and chemoresistance for cancer *** example,folate metabolism that mediates one-carbon metabolism and polyamine metabolism have garnered attention regarding their association with *** has been suggested that these metabolisms may be involved in causing resistance to chemotherapy.

关键词： In silico drug design trans-omics analysis computational analyses cancer biology

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Surgical treatment for a combined anterior cruciate ligament and posterior cruciate ligament avulsion fracture: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第12期10卷 3879-3885页

作者： Katsuhiro Yoshida Michiyuki Hakozaki Hideo Kobayashi Masashi Kimura Shinichi konno Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Fukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushima 960-1295Japan Higashi-Shirakawa Orthopaedic Academy Fukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushima 960-1295Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Sukagawa HospitalFukushima 962-0022Japan Gunma Sports Medicine Research Center Zenshukai HospitalGunma 379-2115Japan

BACKGROUND Independent avulsion fractures with anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)or posterior cruciate ligament(PCL)attachment are relatively common among tibial intercondylar eminence fractures,and their postoperative outcomes are generally ***,huge avulsion fractures of the intercondylar eminence containing the attachment site of both the ACL and the PCL are extremely rare,and the reported clinical outcomes are *** SUMMARY We describe a 30-year-old Japanese male's huge avulsion fracture of the intercondylar eminence of a tibia containing the attachment site of both the ACL and PCL,together with a complete tear of the medial collateral ligament and a partial tear of both the medial and lateral menisci caused by a fall from a high *** of these injuries were treated surgically,with anatomical reduction and stable *** limb function at 1 year post-surgery was excellent(Lysholm score:100 points).CONCLUSION Although this patient's complete surgical repair was complex,it should be performed in similar cases for an excellent final clinical outcome.

关键词： Avulsion fracture Intercondylar eminence Tibia Anterior cruciate ligament Posterior cruciate ligament Meniscal tear

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提高富勒烯针状晶体拉伸强度的研究（英文）

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新型炭材料 2018年第4期33卷 310-315页

作者： Toshio konno Takatsugu Wakahara Kun'ichi Miyazawa Kazuhiro Marumoto Division of Materials Science University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan Imaging Section (IMG ) Okinawa Institute of Science

采用液-液界面沉积法,以甲苯和丙胺为溶剂,合成C_(60)-C_(70)富勒烯针状晶体固溶体。使用聚焦离子束扫描电子显微镜来测试其力学性能,C_(60)-C_(70)富勒烯针状晶体的拉伸强度为58～71 MPa,断裂韧性为1.1～1.3 MPa m^(1/2)。C_(60)-C_(70... 详细信息

采用液-液界面沉积法,以甲苯和丙胺为溶剂,合成C_(60)-C_(70)富勒烯针状晶体固溶体。使用聚焦离子束扫描电子显微镜来测试其力学性能,C_(60)-C_(70)富勒烯针状晶体的拉伸强度为58～71 MPa,断裂韧性为1.1～1.3 MPa m^(1/2)。C_(60)-C_(70)富勒烯针状晶体拉伸强度显著高于C_(60)富勒烯针状晶体,其比强度略大于铝。通过富勒烯分子溶剂化可能改变C_(60)-C_(70)富勒烯针状晶体的塑性和断裂韧性。C_(60)-C_(70)富勒烯针状晶体有望用作电极、锚杆及电动给料机线等材料。

关键词：富勒烯纳米须固溶体液-液界面沉积拉伸强度断裂韧性

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Knee locking caused by osteochondroma of the proximal tibia adjacent to the pes anserinus:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第23期11卷 5595-5601页

作者： Tatsuru Sonobe Michiyuki Hakozaki Yohei Matsuo Yojiro Takahashi Katsuhiro Yoshida Shinichi konno Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Fukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushima 960-1295Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Fukushima General Health and Welfare CentreFukushima 963-8041Japan Higashi-Shirakawa Orthopaedic Academy Fukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushima 960-1295Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Fujita General HospitalFukushima 969-1793Japan

BACKGROUND Osteochondroma is one of the most common benign bone tumors,and it may cause bone and joint deformities and limited range of motion of an adjacent *** pes anserinus region is one of the most frequent sites of osteochondroma,but knee locking caused by osteochondromas in the pes anserinus region is extremely *** SUMMARY We describe a 13-year-old Japanese girl’s extra-articular knee locking that occurred when the semitendinosus tendon got caught in osteochondroma that had developed in the pes anserinus *** osteochondroma was surgically *** postoperative outcome has been excellent,with no recurrence of knee locking or tumor one-year *** When a young person develops knee locking,the possibility of extra-articular as well as intra-articular locking should be ***,one of the causes of extra-articular locking,can be treated with surgery with good postoperative results.

关键词： Extra-articular knee locking Impingement Osteochondroma Pes anserinus Tibia Surgery Case report

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