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Biomaterial engineering strategies for modeling the Bruch's membrane in age-related macular degeneration

neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2626-2636页

作者： Blanca Molins Andrea Rodríguez Víctor Llorenç Alfredo Adán Group of Ocular Inflammation:Clinical and Experimental Studies Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques AgustíPi I Sunyer(IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia(ICOF) Hospital Clínic BarcelonaSpain

Age-related macular degeneration,a multifactorial inflammatory degenerative retinal disease,ranks as the leading cause of blindness in the ***,there is a scarcity of curative therapies,especially for the atrophic advanced form of age-related macular degeneration,likely due to the lack of models able to fully recapitulate the native structure of the outer blood retinal barrier,the prime to rget tissue of age-related macular *** in vitro systems rely on 2D monocultures unable to adequately reproduce the structure and function of the outer blood retinal barrier,integrated by the dynamic interaction of the retinal pigment epithelium,the Bruch's membrane,and the underlying *** Bruch's membrane provides structu ral and mechanical support and regulates the molecular trafficking in the outer blood retinal barrier,and therefo re adequate Bruch's membrane-mimics are key for the development of physiologically relevant models of the outer blood retinal barrie *** the last years,advances in the field of biomaterial engineering have provided novel approaches to mimic the Bruch's membrane from a variety of *** review provides a discussion of the integrated properties and function of outer blood retinal barrier components in healt hy and age-related macular degeneration status to understand the requirements to adequately fabricate Bruch's membrane biomimetic ***,we discuss novel materials and techniques to fabricate Bruch's membrane-like scaffolds for age-related macular degeneration in vitro modeling,discussing their advantages and challenges with a special focus on the potential of Bruch's membrane-like mimics based on decellularized tissue.

关键词： age-related macular degeneration Bruch's membrane decellularization retinal pigment epithelium scaffold

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Synthesis and mesomorphic properties of n-butyl-4- [4-((4-n-alkoxyl-tetrafluorophenyl)ethynyl)benzyloxy]benzoates

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 1995年第6期13卷 515-519页

作者： Wen, JX Yin, hy Chen, Q CHInESE ACAD SCI SHANGHAI INST ORGAN CHEMSHANGHAI 200032PEOPLES R CHINA

A homologous series of n-butyl-4-[4-((4-n-alkoxyl-tetrafluorophenyl)ethynyl)benzyloxy] benzoates have been synthesized. Their phase transition temperatures have also measured by polarizing textural observation and con... 详细信息

关键词： liquid crystal synthesis mesomorphic properties

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阅读目标和阅读任务对读者眼动的影响(中文)

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心理与行为研究 2011年第1期9卷 24-34页

作者： Jukka hy.n Johanna K.Kaakinen University of Turku

We review two studies examining task effects on eye guidance during reading. The first study investigated effects of reading perspective on eye behavior in reading. It demonstrated that both the initial encoding of words as well as the later integration stage of wrapping up the sentence meaning are influenced by the reading perspective. Early effects of reading perspective were observed both in saccadic programming and in fixation times and were primarily seen when reading a text of familiar content. In the second study, effects of reading task were examined by comparing eye movements between proofreading and reading for comprehension. Task effects appeared very early in the processing time line; both temporal and spatial aspects of eye movements were affected. Taking together, the two studies demonstrate that readers make a global adjustment to eye behavior on the basis of reading task or goal.

关键词：心理学行为研究理论

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Regulation of embryo implantation by nitric oxide in mouse

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第17期47卷 1461-1465页

作者： Zhang, X Wang, HM Lin, hy Li, QL Liu, DL Qian, D Liu, GY Zhu, C Chinese Acad Sci State Key Lab Reprod Biol Inst Zool Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

Intrauterine injection and zymography were used to investigate the effect of nitric oxide (nO) on embryo implantation in mice. On day 3, one uterine horn of female pregnant mice was injected intraluminally with various doses of nitric oxide synthase (nOS) inhibitor, n-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-nAME), while the contralateral horn served as control. Animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation on day 7 of gestation, and the number of implanted embryos in each horn was calculated. The results showed that lower doses (0.05mg L-nAME) did not inhibit implantation significantly (P > 0.05), but high doses (0.2 mg L- nAME) resulted in a significant reduction in the number of implanted embryos (P nistration of SnP, a generator of nO, with L-nAME would reverse the anti-implantation effect of L-nAME. To further understand the precise mechanism of nO in implantation, matrix metallo-proteinase (MMPs) activities were detected by gelatin zymography. The reduction in the number of implanted

关键词： mouse nitric oxide nitric oxide synthase embryo im-plantation matrix metalloproteinases.

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What Eye Movements Tell About Identifying Compound Words in Reading and Top-Down Effects in Reading Long Texts

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心理与行为研究 2004年第3期2卷 497-504页

作者： Jukka hy.n Department of Psychology University of Turku FIN-20014 Turku Finland

Two lines of research on eye movements in reading are summarized. One line of research examines how adult readers identify compound words during reading. The other line of research deals with how a specific reading goal influences the way long expository texts are read. Both lines of research are conducted using Finnish as the source language. With respect to the first research question, it is demonstrated that compound words are recognized either holistically or via their components, depending on the length of the compound word. Readers begin to process whatever information is readily available in the foveal vision(i.e., either the whole-word form or the initial component). The second line of research demonstrates that(1)a specific reading goal is capable of exerting an early effect on readers’ eye fixation patterns,(2)time course analyses based on eye movement patterns can reveal interesting individual differences, and(3)working memory capacity is linked to the efficiency to strategically allocate attention as well as to encode information to and retrieve it from the long-term memory. It is concluded that the eye-tracking technique is an excellent research tool to tap into the workings of the human mind during the comprehension of written texts.

关键词： eye movements word recognition compound words text comprehension working memory capacity.

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The impact of family history of hepatocellular carcinoma on its patients' survival

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2012年第2期11卷 160-164页

作者： Wing Chiu Dai Sheung Tat Fan Tan To Cheung Kenneth SH Chok Albert CY Chan Simon hy Tsang Ronnie TP Poon Chung Mau Lo Department of Surgery The University of Hong Kong 102 Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory for Liver Research The University of Hong Kong 102 Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China

BACKGROUnD:Family history of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) has been identified as a risk factor for the development of the *** aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of such a history on HCC patients’ ***:Data of all HCC patients(n=4532) managed at our center from 1989 to 2008 were prospectively *** patients were quizzed on their various characteristics including family HCC ***:Totally 475(10.48%) patients had a family history of *** presented the disease at a significantly earlier age(median 53 vs 59 years,Pnd at an earlier stage(the United network for Organ Sharing staging system).They had significantly better liver function in terms of ChildPugh classification and serum albumin and bilirubin *** more of them presented the disease without symptoms(44.0% vs 29.4%,Pnificantly better overall survival under these specifications:patients in the whole study cohort,patients who had minor hepatectomy,patients with stage I disease,patients with stage II disease,and patients with stage III ***:Contrary to what is generally believed,we found in this study cohort that patients with a family history of HCC had better overall survival than those without such a *** believe this was in part due to earlier diagnosis of the disease and better liver function in this group of ***,the effects of genetic factors on the risk of HCC cannot be overlooked and are yet to be identified.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma family history resection survival risk factor

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人脸表情对视觉追踪的影响

人脸表情对视觉追踪的影响

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第十七届全国心理学学术会议

作者：李杰 Lauri Oksama Jukka hy.n? 北京体育大学心理教研室

人通常需要在动态的环境中保持追踪多个客体。视觉系统如何实现这种追踪,其底层机制如何,一直是近年来研究关注的重点问题。经典理论认为多目标追踪完全由底层视觉系统完成,借助前注意的视觉索引实现对多个运动客体的追踪,而后期的认知... 详细信息

人通常需要在动态的环境中保持追踪多个客体。视觉系统如何实现这种追踪,其底层机制如何,一直是近年来研究关注的重点问题。经典理论认为多目标追踪完全由底层视觉系统完成,借助前注意的视觉索引实现对多个运动客体的追踪,而后期的认知加工不能渗透和影响到这种底层的追踪过程。本研究考查人脸表情这种带有丰富社会信息需要经过认知加工的属性是否影响视觉追踪,以及不同类型的表情的是否对视觉追踪产生不同的影响。研究采用多身份追踪(Multiple-Identity Tracking)范式,呈现多张不断运动的人脸,要求被试追踪其中的几张目标人脸并忽略另外一些干扰子人脸;人脸运动一段时间后停止并被掩蔽,要求被试点出每张目标人脸最终停止的位置。实验分别独立操纵了目标人脸和干扰子人脸的表情。实验1中,目标人脸和干扰人脸可能是高兴表情或中性表情;实验2中,目标人脸和干扰子人脸可能是愤怒表情或中性表情。实验结果显示,当干扰子为高兴表情时,视觉追踪的绩效低于干扰子为中性表情时;当目标人脸为愤怒表情时,追踪绩效高于目标人脸为中性表情时。此结果说明视觉追踪并非是完全由底层视觉系统完成的、认知不可渗透的过程,人脸表情这类社会信息也可影响视觉追踪,而且不同类型的表情对追踪产生不同的影响。人的视觉系统可能对高兴表情较为敏感,不需中央凹注视,边缘视野中的高兴表情即可被加工和觉察,觉察到的高兴表情即使与当前任务完全无关,仍可自动捕获注意,干扰当前任务的执行。愤怒表情则更容易锁定人的注意,当愤怒表情与观察者主体有关时,人能更有效地保持对其的动态追踪。

关键词：视觉注意表情多身份追踪

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注意追踪漂亮人脸:男性与女性有何差异

注意追踪漂亮人脸:男性与女性有何差异

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心理学与创新能力提升——第十六届全国心理学学术会议

作者：李杰 Lauri Oksama Jukka hy()n() 北京体育大学心理教研室 Department of Behavioral Sciences National Defence University Department of Psychology University of Turku

面孔吸引力在人类的求偶行为中具有重要影响。日常经验以及实验结果都表明人们通常会更加注意漂亮的脸,并更长时间地注视漂亮的脸。本研究进一步考查当漂亮的人脸与当前任务无关,且当前任务要求人的注意高度投入的时候,人的注意是否会... 详细信息

面孔吸引力在人类的求偶行为中具有重要影响。日常经验以及实验结果都表明人们通常会更加注意漂亮的脸,并更长时间地注视漂亮的脸。本研究进一步考查当漂亮的人脸与当前任务无关,且当前任务要求人的注意高度投入的时候,人的注意是否会被漂亮人脸所干扰。本研究采用了多身份追踪(Multiple-Identity Tracking)范式。多张人脸不断运动,被试被要求追踪一些目标人脸并忽略另外一些干扰人脸,然后在人脸停止运动并被掩蔽后,指出每张目标人脸最终停止的位置。目标人脸可能是漂亮人脸或不漂亮人脸,干扰子人脸也可能是漂亮人脸或不漂亮人脸。结果显示当干扰子是漂亮的女性人脸时,相比于干扰子是不漂亮的女性人脸条件,男性被试的任务绩效显著降低。而女性被试的任务绩效并不受到干扰子人脸漂亮程度的影响。另外,女性对于男性目标人脸的追踪绩效高于女性目标人脸;而男性被试追踪男性与女性目标人脸的追踪绩效无显著差异。从进化心理学角度分析,这一实验结果体现了男性与女性在进化历史中的不同求偶策略。为了成功的繁殖,男性的策略是接触更多的女性,尤其是外表漂亮的女性,因为这表明她们可能具有更佳的繁殖能力。因此男性的认知系统可能也进化成为适宜追踪更多漂亮女性的状态。而在进化历史中,女性的繁殖成功率主要不受接触的男性个数的影响,而是受拥有的养育后代的资源量的影响,所以其认知系统可能更适宜保持当前可获得的男性。

关键词：面孔吸引力多身份追踪求偶策略

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Effect of angiotensin II type I receptor blocker losartan on bone deterioration in orchiectomized male hypertensive and normotensive rats

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第14期126卷 2661-2665页

作者： ZHAnG Ya-feng QIn Ling Timothy CY Kwok Benson hy Yeung LI Guo-dong LIU Fan Department of Orthopaedics The Affiliated Hospital to Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu 226001 China Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N.T. Hong Kong China Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N.T. Hong Kong China

Background Epidemiological study showed that the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors was associated with higher bone mineral density （BMD） in older people, especially male subjects, which suggested that angiotensin II may have a detrimental effect on bone. Therefore, blocking its effect may have a beneficial effect on bone health. Methods Six-month-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats （SHR） and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats （WKY） were used. Animals of each model were randomly assigned to the following four groups： Group 1, SHAM operated＋vehicle; Group 2, orchidectomy （ORX）＋vehicle; Group 3, ORX＋low-dose Iosartan （10 ***）; and Group 4, ORX＋high-dose Iosartan （25 mg-kg-l.d-1）. Blood pressure was recorded weekly. SHAM and ORX operations were performed, followed by daily Iosartan and vehicle treatment from day 4 after operation for 16 weeks. Serum and 24-hour urine samples were collected for measurement of bone turnover markers before euthanasia and then the left femur was collected for measurements of BMD and microarchitecture before mechanical test. Results Urine deoxypyridinoline/urine creatinine （DPD/Cr） ratio was significantly higher in SHR than in WKY. BMD and microarchitecture parameters also showed bone deterioration in SHR. After ORX, serum osteocalcin concentration decreased and urine DPD/Cr ratio increased significantly accompanied by a significant decrease in cortical and trabecular BMD and cortical bone thickness in both WKY and SHR. High-dose Iosartan significantly increased DPD in urine in both SHR and WKY. Apart from marginal favorable changes in bone architecture in WKY treated with high-dose Iosartan, Iosartan did not show significant effect on BMD, bone area, bone microarchitecture, and mechanical properties in both SHR and WKY. Conclusion Angiotensin II type I receptor blocker Iosartan was not able to demonstrate significant effect on ORX-induced bone deterioration in both hypertensive and normotensive rats.

关键词： angiotensin angiotensin II type I receptor blocker osteoporosis orchidectomy rat

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Low-Frequency hydroacoustic Experiments on the Shelf Using the Data of Geoacoustic Sediment Model

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Chinese Physics Letters 2014年第12期31卷 66-69页

作者： SAMCHEnKO A. n. KOSHELEVA A.V. SHVYREV A. n. PIVOVAROV A. A. Il'icheve's Pacific Oceanological Institute (POI) FEB RAS Vladivostok 690041 Russia

Acoustic and seismoacoustic methods have become the most perspective and intensely developed meth- ods in the research of dynamic processes and inho- mogeneities in shallow water. Seismoacoustic moni- toring allows one to draw conclusions about the pres- ence of different inhomogeneities in the water environ- ment and to identify various dynamic processes in the oceanic shelf zone. Studies of the propagation of hy- droacoustic signals of different frequencies and config- urations are widely discussed in scientific publications in Russia, China and the United States Solutions to inversion problems in acoustics, the con- struction of geoacoustic models and research of low- frequency acoustic signals with respect to the absorb- ing bottom are without any doubt at the forefront of underwater acoustics.

关键词： UnDERWATER acoustics SEDIMEnTS (Geology) ACOUSTIC signal processing WATER COnTInEnTAL shelf MATHEMATICAL models

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