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Chinese Medical Journal 2005年第18期118卷 1577-1581页

作者： Hiroko Kurioka Kentaro takahashi Nobuyuki Kita Yoichi Noda Department of General Medicine Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital Izumo JapanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Shiga University of Medical Science Ohtsu Japan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Shiga University of Medical Science Ohtsu Japan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Shiga University of Medical Science Ohtsu Japan

Gynecologic and obstetric disorders presenting with abdominal pain are ectopic pregnancy,rupture of endometrial cysts, mature cystic teratoma and torsion of the adnexae. Hemorrhagic ovarian cysts, which included among... 详细信息

关键词： hemorrhagic ovarian cyst·ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome·human menopausal gonadotropin·human chorionic gonadotropin

Diffusion-weighted MRI in abdominal oncology:Clinical applications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第7期16卷 832-836页

作者： Reiji Sugita Kei Ito Naotaka Fujita Shoki takahashi Department of Radiology Sendai City Medical CenterSendai 983-0824Japan Department of Gastroenterology Sendai City Medical CenterSendai 983-0824Japan Department of Diagnostic Radiology Graduate School of MedicineTohoku UniversitySendai 980-8574Japan

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging(DWI) provides image contrast that is different from that obtained by conventional magnetic resonance techniques.Although previously,DWI has been used to evaluate various diseases of the central nervous system,several technical advances have expanded the clinical applications of DWI beyond the central nervous system.As a result,many reports have been published on the use of DWI in abdominal diseases.Particularly,abdominal DWI has now being focused on evaluation of patients with abdominal cancer.DWI can be used for pretreatment tumor detection,characterization including predicting tumor response to therapy,monitoring tumor response during therapy,and follow-up study after treatment to detect possible tumor recurrence.

关键词： Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging Abdominal neoplasms

Gravity assistance enables liver stiffness measurements to detect liver fibrosis under congestive circumstances

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第4期14卷 778-790页

作者： Takeshi Suda Ai Sugimoto Tsutomu Kanefuji Atsushi Abe Takeshi Yokoo Takahiro Hoshi Satoshi Abe Shinichi Morita Kazuyoshi Yagi Masashi takahashi Shuji Terai Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Uonuma Institute of Community MedicineNiigata University Medical and Dental HospitalMinami Uonuma 949-7302NiigataJapan Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigata 951-8122Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tsubame Rosai HospitalTsubame 959-1228NiigataJapan Department of Administration Joetsu-Area General Health Care CenterJoetsu 943-0803NiigataJapan Department of Preemptive Medicine for Digestive Diseases and Healthy Active Life Niigata University School of MedicineNiigata 951-8122Japan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigata 951-8122Japan

BACKGROUND As survival has been prolonged owing to surgical and medical improvements,liver failure has become a prognostic determinant in patients with congestive heart diseases.Congestive hepatopathy,an abnormal state of the liver as a result of congestion,insidiously proceed toward end-stage liver disease without effective biomarkers evaluating pathological progression.Regular measurements of shear wave elastography cannot qualify liver fibrosis,which is a prognosticator in any type of chronic liver disease,in cases of congestion because congestion makes the liver stiff without fibrosis.We hypothesized that the effects of congestion and fibrosis on liver stiffness can be dissociated by inducing architectural deformation of the liver to expose structural rigidity.To establish a strategy measuring liver stiffness as a reflection of architectural rigidity under congestion.METHODS Two-dimensional shear wave elastography(2dSWE)was measured in the supine(Sp)and left decubitus(Ld)positions in 298 consecutive cases as they were subjected to an ultrasound study for various liver diseases.Regions of interest were placed at twelve sites,and the median and robust coefficient of variation were calculated.Numerical data were compared using the Mann-Whitney U or Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post-hoc multiple comparisons.The inferior vena cava(IVC)diameters at different body positions were compared using the Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test.The number of cases with cardiothoracic ratios greater than or not greater than 50%was compared using Fisher’s exact test.A correlation of 2dSWE between different body positions was evaluated by calculating Spearman correlation coefficients.RESULTS The IVC diameter was significantly reduced in Ld in subjects with higher 2dSWE values in Ld(LdSWE)than in Sp(SpSWE)(P=0.007,(average±SD)13.9±3.6 vs 13.1±3.4 mm)but not in those with lower LdSWE values(P=0.32,13.3±3.5 vs 13.0±3.5 mm).In 81 subjects,SpSWE was increased or decreased in Ld beyond the magnitude of robust coefficient o

关键词： Shear wave elastography Inferior vena cava diameter Congestive hepatopathy Liver fibrosis Body positions Fibrosis-4 index

Molecular anatomy and pathogenic actions of Helicobacter pylori CagA that underpin gastric carcinogenesis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第1期17卷 50-63页

作者： Atsushi takahashi-Kanemitsu Christopher T.Knight Masanori Hatakeyama Department of Microbiology Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan

Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori cagA-positive strains is the strongest risk factor for gastric cancer.The cagA gene product,CagA,is delivered into gastric epithelial cells via the bacterial type IV secretion system.Delivered CagA then undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation at the Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala(EPIYA)motifs in its C-terminal region and acts as an oncogenic scaffold protein that physically interacts with multiple host signaling proteins in both tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent and-independent manners.Analysis of CagA using in vitro cultured gastric epithelial cells has indicated that the nonphysiological scaffolding actions of CagA cell-autonomously promote the malignant transformation of the cells by endowing the cells with multiple phenotypic cancer hallmarks:sustained proliferation,evasion of growth suppressors,invasiveness,resistance to cell death,and genomic instability.Transgenic expression of CagA in mice leads to in vivo oncogenic action of CagA without any overt inflammation.The in vivo oncogenic activity of CagA is further potentiated in the presence of chronic inflammation.Since Helicobacter pylori infection triggers a proinflammatory response in host cells,a feedforward stimulation loop that augments the oncogenic actions of CagA and inflammation is created in CagA-injected gastric mucosa.Given that Helicobacter pylori is no longer colonized in established gastric cancer lesions,the multistep nature of gastric cancer development should include a“hit-and-run”process of CagA action.Thus,acquisition of genetic and epigenetic alterations that compensate for CagA-directed cancer hallmarks may be required for completion of the“hit-and-run”process of gastric carcinogenesis.

关键词： cagA/CagA Helicobacter pylori SHP2 PAR1 inflammation “hit-and-run”carcinogenesis

Statistical modeling of nitrogen-dependent modulation of root system architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第3期58卷 254-265页

作者： Takao Araya Takuya Kubo Nicolaus von Wiren Hideki takahashi Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingM148824USA Molecular Plant Nutrition Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant ResearchD-06466 GaterslebenGermany Graduate School of Environmental Science Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-0810Japan

Plant root development is strongly affected by nutrient availability. Despite the importance of structure and function of roots in nutrient acquisition,statistical modeling approaches to evaluate dynamic and temporal modulations of root system architecture in response to nutrient availability have remained as widely open and exploratory areas in root biology. In this study,we developed a statistical modeling approach to investigate modulations of root system architecture in response to nitrogen availability. Mathematical models were designed for quantitative assessment of root growth and root branching phenotypes and their dynamic relationships based on hierarchical con figuration of primary and lateral roots formulating the fishbone-shaped root system architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana. Time-series datasets reporting dynamic changes in root developmental traits on different nitrate or ammonium concentrations were generated for statistical analyses. Regression analyses unraveled key parameters associated with：（i） inhibition of primary root growth under nitrogen limitation or on ammonium;（ii） rapid progression of lateral root emergence in response to ammonium; and（iii） inhibition of lateral root elongation in the presence of excess nitrate or ammonium. This study provides a statistical framework for interpreting dynamic modulation of root system architecture,supported by metaanalysis of datasets displaying morphological responses of roots to diverse nitrogen supplies.

关键词： Ammonium mathematical modeling nitrate nitrogen root system architecture

Effects of leaf age,elevation and light conditions on photosynthesis and leaf traits in saplings of two evergreen conifers,Abies veitchii and A.mariesii

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 460-469页

作者： Rina Suzuki Koichi takahashi Department of Science Graduate School of Science and TechnologyShinshu UniversityAsahi 3-1-1Matsumoto 390-8621Japan Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceShinshu UniversityMatsumoto 390-8621Japan Department of Mountain Ecosystem Institute for Mountain ScienceShinshu UniversityAsahi 3-1-1Matsumoto 390-8621Japan

亚高山的针叶树物种分布在广泛的海拔范围内,因此它们必须具备抵抗严酷自然条件(如高海拔和长期的黑暗)的能力。在日本中部的亚高山地带,两种常绿的针叶树冷杉(Abies veitchii)和马尾冷杉(Abies mariesii)分别在低海拔和高海拔地区占据... 详细信息

亚高山的针叶树物种分布在广泛的海拔范围内,因此它们必须具备抵抗严酷自然条件(如高海拔和长期的黑暗)的能力。在日本中部的亚高山地带,两种常绿的针叶树冷杉(Abies veitchii)和马尾冷杉(Abies mariesii)分别在低海拔和高海拔地区占据优势。本研究的目的是探讨叶龄、海拔和光照条件对两个物种叶片形态和生理性状的影响。我们以两种针叶树的幼树为样本,分别在两种针叶树下部(1600米)和上部(2300米)的林下层和冠层间隙中取样,并分析叶龄、海拔和光照条件对冷杉和马尾冷杉的光合作用和叶片性状的影响。研究结果表明,两种针叶树的光合作用和叶片性状对叶龄呈现相似的响应,但其对海拔和光照条件则表现出不同的响应。冷杉最大光合速率与单位叶面积质量和非结构性碳水化合物浓度呈负相关。两种树木的单位叶面积质量在高海拔处均增加,而非结构性碳水化合物浓度仅在冷杉中增加。因此,冷杉的最大光合速率在高海拔时降低。此外,两个物种的最大光合速率均与氮浓度呈正相关。在林下层,叶片氮浓度在冷杉中下降,而在马尾冷杉中上升。在林下条件下,只有马尾冷杉的单位叶面积质量下降、叶绿素-氮比增加,表明在黑暗条件下,马尾冷杉比冷杉有更高的捕光效率。本研究表明,与冷杉相比,马尾冷杉的光合和叶片特性具有更强的耐阴性,光合速率受海拔的影响较小,从而使马尾冷杉在林下植被中生存,并在高海拔地区占据优势。

关键词：叶片叶绿素单位叶面积质量叶氮非结构性碳水化合物浓度稳定碳同位素比率

How to win the ovarian cancer stem cell battle: destroying the roots

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第4期3卷 1021-1033页

作者： Akimasa takahashi Linda Hong Ilana Chefetz The Hormel Institute University of MinnesotaAustinMN 55912USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Shiga University of Medical ScienceOtsuShiga 5202152Japan Department of Obstetrics&Gynecology Division of Gynecologic OncologyLoma Linda University School of MedicineCA 92350USA Masonic Cancer Center MinneapolisMN 55455USA Stem Cell Institute MinneapolisMN 55455USA Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Women's HealthMinneapolisMN 55455USA

Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate among gynecologic malignancies.The combination of cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy is the standard regimen for the treatment of ovarian cancer.The initial treatment is usually effective,but many patients with ovarian cancer experience recurrence,and treatment options for recurrent disease remain challenging.Cancer stem cells(CSCs)are suggested to play an essential role in cancer recurrence after initial chemotherapy.Furthermore,they are of great interest as CSCs may also be involved in chemotherapy susceptibility.Thus,understanding the characteristics and mechanisms by which CSCs display resistance to therapeutic agents is important to design effective cancer treatments.In this review,we describe and discuss current therapeutic regimens for ovarian cancer,as well as the various CSC markers,association between CSCs and disease progression,correlation of CSCs with poor prognosis,enrichment of CSCs in tumor tissues following repeated chemotherapy cycles,activation of major signaling pathways following chemotherapy,and potential inhibitors that suppress these signaling cascades.In addition,clinical trials evaluating novel targeted therapies to overcome chemotherapy resistance will be reviewed.The combination of traditional chemotherapy and CSC-targeted therapy could be an effective and promising anticancer treatment for ovarian cancer.Understanding the biological properties of CSCs and the mechanism of chemotherapy resistance are critical to design and develop new therapeutic strategies to overcome CSC-associated chemotherapy resistance.

关键词： Ovarian cancer platinum resistance cancer stem cell chemotherapy targeted therapy

Drastic transitions of excited state and coupling regime in all-inorganic perovskite microcavities characterized by exciton/plasmon hybrid natures

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第1期11卷 79-86页

作者： Shuki Enomoto Tomoya Tagami Yusuke Ueda Yuta Moriyama Kentaro Fujiwara Shun takahashi Kenichi Yamashita Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Electronics Kyoto Institute of TechnologyMatsugasakiSakyo-kuKyoto 606-8585Japan

Lead-halide perovskites are highly promising for various optoelectronic applications,including laser devices.However,fundamental photophysics explaining the coherent-light emission from this material system is so intricate and often the subject of debate.Here,we systematically investigate photoluminescence properties of all-inorganic perovskite microcavity at room temperature and discuss the excited state and the light–matter coupling regime depending on excitation density.Angle-resolved photoluminescence clearly exhibits that the microcavity system shows a transition from weak coupling regime to strong coupling regime,revealing the increase in correlated electron–hole pairs.With pumping fluence above the threshold,the photoluminescence signal shows a lasing behavior with bosonic condensation characteristics,accompanied by long-range phase coherence.The excitation density required for the lasing behavior,however,is found to exceed the Mott density,excluding the exciton as the excited state.These results demonstrate that the polaritonic Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer state originates the strong coupling formation and the lasing behavior.

关键词： pumping coupling regime

Explainable Analysis of Deep Learning Models for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Classification with Chest X-Ray Images: Towards Practical Applications

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2022年第3期12卷 83-102页

作者： Eri Matsuyama Haruyuki Watanabe Noriyuki takahashi Faculty of Informatics University of Fukuchiyama Kyoto Japan School of Radiological Technology Gunma Prefectural College of Health Sciences Gunma Japan School of Hearth Sciences Fukushima Medical University Fukushima Japan

In recent years, with numerous developments of convolutional neural network (CNN) classification models for medical diagnosis, the issue of misrecognition/misclassification has become more and more important. Thus, research on misrecognition/misclassification has been progressing. This study focuses on the problem of misrecognition/misclassification of CNN classification models for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) using chest X-ray images. We construct two models for COVID-19 pneumonia classification by fine-tuning ResNet-50 architecture, i.e., a model retrained with full-sized original images and a model retrained with segmented images. The present study demonstrates the uncertainty (misrecognition/misclassification) of model performance caused by the discrepancy in the shapes of images at the phase of model construction and that of clinical applications. To achieve it, we apply three XAI methods to demonstrate and explain the uncertainty of classification results obtained from the two constructed models assuming for clinical applications. Experimental results indicate that the performance of classification models cannot be maintained when the type of constructed model and the geometric shape of input images are not matched, which may bring about misrecognition in clinical applications. We also notice that the effect of adversarial attack might be induced if the method of image segmentation is not performed properly. The results suggest that the best approach to obtaining a highly reliable prediction in the classification of COVID-19 pneumonia is to construct a model using full-sized original images as training data and use full-sized original images as the input when utilized in clinical applications.

关键词： Explainable AI CNN CXR Image COVID-19 Pneumonia

An international expert consensus of management of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: a viewpoint

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第3期9卷 394-396页

作者： Kuniya Tanaka Yuki takahashi Tetsuji Wakabayashi Department of Gastroenterological and General Surgery Showa University Fujigaoka HospitalYokohamaJapan

We read with great interest the article titled "Multidisciplinary management of recurrent and metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma after resection: an international expert consensus" (1) published in Hepato Biliary Sur... 详细信息

关键词： Surgery hepatocellular carcinoma