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A review of cavitation in hydraulic machinery

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2016年第3期28卷 335-358页

作者：罗先武季斌 yoshinobu TSUJIMOTO Beijing Key Laboratory of CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology Tsinghua University School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan University Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University

This paper mainly summarizes the recent progresses for the cavitation study in the hydraulic machinery including turbo- pumps, hydro turbines, etc.. Especially, the newly developed numerical methods for simulating cavitating turbulent flows and the achievements with regard to the complicated flow features revealed by using advanced optical techniques as well as cavitation simulation are introduced so as to make a better understanding of the cavitating flow mechanism for hydraulic machinery. Since cavitation instabilities are also vital issue and rather harmful for the operation safety of hydro machines, we present the 1-D analysis method, which is identified to be very useful for engineering applications regarding the cavitating flows in inducers, turbine draft tubes, etc. Though both cavitation and hydraulic machinery are extensively discussed in literatures, one should be aware that a few problems still remains and are open for solution, such as the comprehensive understanding of cavitating turbulent flows especially inside hydro turbines, the unneglectable discrepancies between the numerical and experimental data, etc.. To further promote the study of cavitation in hydraulic machinery, some advanced tooics such as a Density-Based solver suitable for highly comoressible cavitating turbulent flows, a virtual cavitation tunnel, etc. are addressed for the future works.

关键词： cavitating turbulent flow numerical simulation turbopump hydro turbine

Blood Pressure Balance as a Marker for Early Detection of Cerebral Infarction and a Criterion for Inclusion/Exclusion from Acupuncture Treatment

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Health 2021年第8期13卷 857-867页

作者： Mayumi Watanabe yoshinobu Nakamura Chikako Tomiyama Nozomu mandai Hanaa Yousef Bakir Tokimasa Takeda Faculty of Health Sciences Kansai University of Health Sciences Osaka Japan Faculty of Science and Engineering Chuo University Tokyo Japan Acupuncture Center Nakamura Seikotsuin Niigata Japan Niigata University of Health and Welfare Niigata Japan Graduate School of Health Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan Center for Humanities and Sciences Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Ibaraki Japan Faculty of Medicine Assiut University Assiut Governorate Egypt Zinbunken Kyoto University Kyoto Japan

Background: Early detection of cerebral infarction (CI) by home acupuncturists might be helpful in reducing stroke mortality. We compared vital signs of patients who developed CI and those who did not to ascertain if blood pressure balance is a useful marker for the early detection of CI and for distinguishing cases with potentially effective/ineffective acupuncture treatment. Methods: In this retrospective study, vital signs such as body temperature, pulse, and blood pressure, were simultaneously obtained from the right and left arms of patients who received weekly acupuncture treatment. We focused on the differences between values obtained from the right and left arms (the balance) and compared the values of patients who developed CI [CI (+)] (n = 18) and those of age-/gender-matched patients who did not [CI (−)] (n = 18). Results: Left/right blood pressure was significantly more unbalanced in the CI (+) group than in the CI (−) group, especially immediately before the onset of CI. Moreover, all CIs occurred on the side with a lower blood pressure. Discussion and Conclusions: Blood pressure balance might aid in the early detection of CI and to determine whether treatment with traditional or modern medicine is more appropriate. Acupuncture may thus help maintain patients’ quality of life.

关键词： Acupuncture Aged Blood Pressure Balance Cerebral Infarction Preventative Medicine

An MAPK Pathway in Papilla Cells for Successful Pollination in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2020年第11期13卷 1539-1541页

作者： yoshinobu Kato Sota Fujii Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry Graduate School of Agriculture and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo1-1-1 YayoiBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8657Japan

During the pollination process in Brassicaceae,pollen and papilla cells at the tip of the pistil communicate with each other and trigger various physiological responses such as pollen hydration/germination and *** was thought that papilla cells drastically change their cellular environment to conduct water and calciumion release and to provide an energy source for pollen germination and pollen-tube elongation(Doucet et al.,2016).

关键词： Arabidopsis hydration release

CONTROLLED SYNTHESIS OF AMPHIPHILIC BLOCK POLYMERS HAVING GLUCOSE RESIDUES AND THEIR STRUCTURE FORMATION

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 1999年第1期17卷 21-26页

作者： Takeaki Miyamoto Masahiko Minoda yoshinobu Tsujii Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611 JapanInstitute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611 JapanInstitute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611 Japan

Vinyl ether (VE)-based amphiphilic block copolymers with D-glucose residues as hydrophilicpendants were synthesized by CH_3 CH(OiBu)Cl/ZnI_2-initiated sequential living cationic copolymerization of3-O-(vinyloxy)ethyl-1, 2:5, 6-di-O-isopropylidene-D-glucofuranose (IGVE) and isobutyl VE (IBVE ) andsubsequent deprotection. The precursor block copolymers had a narrow molecular weight distribution(M_w/M_n～1.1) and a controlled segmental composition. The solubility characteristics of the amphiphiliccopolymer depended strongly on composition. Their solvent-cast thin films were examined, under atransmission electron microscope, and could be seen to exhibit various microphase-separated surfacemorphologies such as spheres, cylinders, and lamellae, depending on composition. The amphiphiliccopolymers with the appropriate segmental composition were found to form a stable monolayer at the air-water interface, which was successfully transferred onto a substrate by the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB)technique. The layered strucfure of the built-up LB films was controlled by blending the homopolymer.

关键词： Glucose-substituted amphiphilic block polymer Controlled structure

Influence of low dietary histamine on the seizure development of chemical kindling induced by pentylenetetrazol in rats

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2005年第4期26卷 423-427页

作者： Eiko SAKURAI yoshinobu KISO Kazuhiko YANAI Department of Pharmacology Tohoku University School of Medicine Sendai 980-8575 Japan Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310031 China Department of Pharmacologv School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310031 China Department of Pharmacology Tohoku University School of Medicine Sendai 980-8575 Japan

Aim:To determine the role of dietary low histamine on the seizure development ofpentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced kindling in ***:After 14 d of feedingon a low histamine diet (LH,containing 0.145 μmol/g of histamine),the rats werechemically kindled by repeated intraperitoneal injection of a subconvulsant doseof PTZ (35 mg/kg) once every 48 h,and seizure activity of kindling was recordedfor 30 *** in brain samples was analyzed using a high performanceliquid chromatography system with a fluorescence ***:The LH diet induced an increase in seizure response (seizure susceptibility) to thefirst trial of PTZ,and resulted in facilitation of subsequent PTZ kindling process(seizure development).The histamine levels in the cortex,hippocampus,andhypothalamus of LH-treated rats decreased significantly and these changes cor-related well with seizure behavior (r=0.875,0.651,and 0.796,respectively).In addition,chronic kindled seizures resulted in a significant increase of the histamine contentin the cortex and hypothalamus in the LH-fed ***:These find-ings indicate that the histamine in daily food could influence the brain histaminer-gic function,and play an important role in regulating seizure susceptibility.

关键词： seizures pentylenetetrazol brain histamine diet

Ectopic porcine spermatogenesis in murine subcutis： tissue grafting versus cell-injection methods

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2009年第3期11卷 317-323页

作者： Takeshi Watanabe Hirofumi Hayashi Kaoru Kita yoshinobu Kubota Takehiko Ogawa Department of Urology Ashigarakami Hospital Kanagawa 258-0003 Japan Department of Urology Yokohama Minami Kyousai Hospital Yokohama 236-0032 Japan Department of Urology Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine Yokohama 236-0004 Japan

Fragments of testis tissue from immature animals grow subcutaneous areas of immunodeficient mice. The same results testes of rodents are injected into the subcutis of nude mice. and develop spermatogenesis when grafted onto are obtained when dissociated cells from immature Those cells reconstitute seminiferous tubules and facilitate spermatogenesis. We compared these two methods, tissue grafting and cell-injection methods, in terms of the efficiency of spermatogenesis in the backs of three strains of immunodeficient mice, using neonatal porcine testicular tissues and cells as donor material. Nude, severe combined immunodeficient （SCID） and NOD/Shi- SCID, IL-2Rγc^null （NOG） mice were used as recipients. At 10 months after surgery, the transplants were examined histologically. Both grafting and cell-injection methods resulted in porcine spermatogenesis on the backs of recipient mice; the percentage of spermatids present in the transplants was 67% and 22%, respectively. Using the grafting method, all three strains of mice supported the same extent of spermatogenesis. As for the cell- injection method, although SCID mice were the best host for supporting reconstitution and spermatogenesis, any difference from the other strains was not signifcant. As NOG mice did not show any better results, the severity of immunodeficiency seemed to be irrelevant for supporting xeno-ectopic spermatogenesis. Our results confirmed that tubular reconstitution is applicable to porcine testicular cells. This method as well as the grafting method would be useful for studying spermatogenesis in different kinds of animals.

关键词： pigs seminiferous tubule spermatogenesis xeno-transplantation

Traditional Irrigation Management in Betmera-Hiwane, Ethiopia: The Main Peculiarities for the Persistence of Irrigation Practices

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Journal of Mountain Science 2006年第2期3卷 139-146页

作者： Solomon Habtu Kitamura yoshinobu Faculty of Agriculture Tottori University 4-101 Koyama-cho Minami Tottori 680-8553 Japan

Traditional irrigation, as part of the ancient agricultural practices in northern Ethiopia （Tigray）, has persisted for long time since 500 B.C., while many newly introduced irrigation projects have usually failed there. The main objective of this study is thus to investigate the peculiarities pertinent to irrigation management and those having contributed for the persistence of traditional irrigation practices for a long period of time. The experience gained from such areas can definitely help make irrigation management system of new irrigation schemes sustainable. Betmera-Hiwane, one of the ancient traditional irrigation areas in Tigray region, was selected for the field study. Direct observations through field visits accompanied by interviews to farmers, local officials, local knowledgeable individuals and higher officials were made. After analyzing the collected primary and secondary information, the main peculiarities that contributed to the persistence of traditional irrigation areas were identified, and they are： constructed local rules, the presence of communally locally designed hydraulic control structures, ownership feeling of the irrigators and accountability of water distributors to the irrigation management, the culture for mobilizing communal resources and the culture of self-initiating local water management strategies.

关键词： Traditional irrigation management water management smailholder irrigation Betmera-Hiwane Tigray Ethiopia

Determination of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction using pattern recognition and machine learning

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 198-204页

作者： Masashi Kawaguchi Kenji Tanabe Keisuke Yamada Takuya Sawa Shun Hasegawa Masamitsu Hayashi yoshinobu Nakatani Department of Physics The University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033Japan Toyota Technological Institute Nagoya 468-8511Japan Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science Faculty of EngineeringGifu UniversityGifu 501-1193Japan University of Electro-Communications Tokyo 182-8585Japan

Machine learning is applied to a large number of modern devices that are essential in building an energy-efficient smart *** and face recognition are among the most well-known technologies that make use of such artificial *** materials research,machine learning is adapted to predict materials with certain functionalities,an approach often referred to as materials ***,we show that machine learning can be used to extract material parameters from a single image obtained in *** Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya(DM)interaction and the magnetic anisotropy distribution of thin-film heterostructures,parameters that are critical in developing next-generation storage class magnetic memory technologies,are estimated from a magnetic domain *** simulation is used to generate thousands of random images for training and model validation.A convolutional neural network system is employed as the learning *** DM exchange constant of typical Co-based thin-film heterostructures is studied using the trained system:the estimated values are in good agreement with ***,we show that the system can independently determine the magnetic anisotropy distribution,demonstrating the potential of pattern *** approach can considerably simplify experimental processes and broaden the scope of materials research.

关键词： pattern interaction system

Assessment of GIAHS in Shizuoka: The Traditional Tea-grass Integrated System

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2014年第4期5卷 398-401页

作者： INAGAKI Hidehiro KUSUMOTO yoshinobu Shizuoka University KariyadoFujieda Shizuoka 426-0001 Japan National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences KannondaiTsukuba Ibaraki 305-8604 Japan

I IntroductionIn 2013, Chagusaba, which is traditional tea-grass integrated system in Shizuoka, were accepted as new world heritage site of agriculture. Shizuoka prefecture occupies a variety of elevations, from 0 to 3000 m or more above sea level. Because of the diversity of land features and climates, this area produces 167 agricultural commodities. In addition, a lot of traditional agriculture and over 200 local native varieties of crops have been conserved in Shizuoka prefecture. Chagusuha farming is one of good examples of traditional agricultural system which conserve rich biodiversity.

关键词：集成系统传统生物多样性农业系统评价茶世界遗产立面图