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Whether to Abolish or Introduce Dual Regulation as Trade and Environmental Policy?

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China & World Economy 2024年第1期32卷 57-95页

作者： yoshihiro Hamaguchi Department of Economics Faculty of Economics and Business AdministrationKyoto University of Advanced ScienceJapan

China,which has already introduced an environmental tax in an effort to decarbonize,has recently begun emissions trading and is using two environmental policies in tandem,but there are concerns about the impact on growth and *** and environmental policies affect firms'entry and exit,resulting in changes in aggregate productivity and pollution *** study compares the impacts of single regulation and dual regulation on welfare,using a research-and-development based growth model with heterogeneous *** single regulation,the cleansing effect of trade liberalization could be *** dual regulation,trade liberalization decreases pollution and improves average productivity whereas decreasing total permits reduces *** the perspective of improving welfare it is desirable to choose dual regulation because trade liberalization can reduce total pollution emissions via the cleansing effect of trade liberalization.

关键词： dual regulation heterogeneous firm Porter hypothesis research and development difficulty trade liberalization

Liver biopsy in the post-hepatitis C virus era in Japan

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第14期30卷 1949-1957页

作者： yoshihiro Ikura Takako Okubo Yasuhiro Sakai Department of Pathology Takatsuki General HospitalTakatsuki 569-1192Osaka PrefectureJapan Department of Pathology Kansai Medical University Medical CenterMoriguchi 570-8507Japan

In Japan,liver biopsies were previously crucial in evaluating the severity of hepatitis caused by the hepatitis C virus(HCV)and diagnosing HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,due to the development of effective antiviral treatments and advanced imaging,the necessity for biopsies has significantly *** change has resulted in fewer chances for diagnosing liver disease,causing many general pathologists to feel less confident in making liver biopsy *** article provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and potential solutions related to liver biopsies in ***,it highlights the importance of considering steatotic liver diseases as independent conditions that can coexist with other liver diseases due to their increasing ***,it emphasizes the need to avoid hasty assumptions of HCC in nodular lesions,because clinically diagnosable HCCs are not targets for ***,the importance of diagnosing hepatic immune-related adverse events caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors is increasing due to the anticipated widespread use of these *** conclusion,pathologists should be attuned to the changing landscape of liver diseases and approach liver biopsies with care and attention to detail.

关键词： Liver biopsy Alteration Post-hepatitis C virus era Steatotic liver disease Hepatic tumors Immune checkpoint inhibitors

Improvement of histone deacetylase inhibitor efficacy by SN38 through TWIST1 suppression in synovial sarcoma

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Cancer Innovation 2024年第2期3卷 80-95页

作者： Satoru Sasagawa Jun Kumai Toru Wakamatsu yoshihiro Yui Molecular Biology Laboratory Research InstituteNozaki Tokushukai HospitalDaitoOsakaJapan Sarcoma Treatment Laboratory Research InstituteNozaki Tokushukai HospitalDaitoOsakaJapan Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Service Osaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan

Background:Synovial sarcoma(SS)is an SS18-SSX fusion gene-driven soft tissue sarcoma with mesenchymal characteristics,associated with a poor prognosis due to frequent metastasis to a distant organ,such as the *** deacetylase(HDAC)inhibitors(HDACis)are arising as potent molecular targeted drugs,as HDACi treatment disrupts the SS oncoprotein complex,which includes HDACs,in addition to general HDACi *** provide further molecular evidence for the advantages of HDACi treatment and its limitations due to drug resistance induced by the microenvironment in SS cells,we examined cellular responses to HDACi treatment in combination with two-dimensional(2D)and 3D culture ***:Using several SS cell lines,biochemical and cell biological assays were performed with romidepsin,an HDAC1/2 selective ***38 was concomitantly used as an ameliorant drug with romidepsin ***,apoptosis induction,and MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A/B(MICA/B)induction were monitored to evaluate the drug *** addition to the conventional 2D culture condition,spheroid culture was adopted to evaluate the influence of cell-mass microenvironment on ***:By monitoring the cellular behavior with romidepsin and/or SN38 in SS cells,we observed that responsiveness is diverse in each cell *** the apoptotic inducible cells,co-treatment with SN38 enhanced cell *** nonapoptotic inducible cells,cytostasis and MICA/B induction were observed,and SN38 improved MICA/B induction *** a novel efficacy of SN38,we revealed TWIST1 suppression in SS *** the spheroid(3D)condition,romidepsin efficacy was severely restricted in TWIST1-positive *** demonstrated that TWIST1 downregulation restored romidepsin efficacy even in spheroid form,and concomitant SN38 treatment along with romidepsin reproduced the ***:The current study demonstrated the benefits and concerns of using HDACi for SS treatment in 2D and

关键词： HDAC inhibitor MICA/B SN38 spheroid synovial sarcoma TWIST1

Nash Equilibrium of a Fixed-Sum Two-Player Game

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American Journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第3期14卷 346-357页

作者： yoshihiro Tanaka Faculty of Economics Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan

It is well established that Nash equilibrium exists within the framework of mixed strategies in strategic-form non-cooperative games. However, finding the Nash equilibrium generally belongs to the class of problems known as PPAD (Polynomial Parity Argument on Directed graphs), for which no polynomial-time solution methods are known, even for two-player games. This paper demonstrates that in fixed-sum two-player games (including zero-sum games), the Nash equilibrium forms a convex set, and has a unique expected payoff. Furthermore, these equilibria are Pareto optimal. Additionally, it is shown that the Nash equilibrium of fixed-sum two-player games can theoretically be found in polynomial time using the principal-dual interior point method, a solution method of linear programming.

关键词： Nash Equilibrium Fixed-Sum Two-Player Game Principal-Dual Interior Point Method

Myocardial metastasis from ZEB1-and TWIST-positive spindle cell carcinoma of the esophagus:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1636-1643页

作者： yoshihiro Shibata Hirofumi Ohmura Kazuki Komatsu Kosuke Sagara Atsuji Matsuyama Ryuji Nakano Eishi Baba Department of Medical Oncology Fukuoka Wajiro HospitalFukuoka 811-0213Japan Department of Oncology and Social Medicine Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical SciencesFukuoka 812-8582Japan Department of Pathology and Oncology University of Occupational and Environmental HealthKitakyushu 807-8555Japan Department of Diagnostic Pathology Fukuoka Wajiro HospitalFukuoka 811-0213Japan

BACKGROUND Metastatic cardiac tumors are known to occur more frequently than primary cardiac tumors,however,they often remain asymptomatic and are commonly dis-covered on *** tumors with a relatively high frequency of cardiac metastasis include mesothelioma,melanoma,lung cancer,and breast cancer,whereas reports of esophageal cancer with cardiac metastasis are *** SUMMARY The case of a 60-year-old man who complained of dysphagia is *** gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a submucosal tumor-like elevated lesion in the esophagus causing ***-enhanced computed tomography showed left atrial compression due to the esophageal tumor,multiple liver and lung metastases,and a left pleural *** examination of a biopsy speci-men from the esophageal tumor showed spindle-shaped cells,raising suspicion of esophageal *** disease progressed rapidly,and systemic chemotherapy was deemed necessary,however,due to his poor general condition,adminis-tration of cytotoxic agents was considered *** his high Combined Positive Score,nivolumab was administered,however,the patient soon died from the *** autopsy confirmed spindle cell carcinoma(SCC)of the esophagus and cardiac metastasis with similar histological *** stem cell markers,ZEB1 and TWIST,were positive in both the primary tumor and the cardiac *** To the best of our knowledge,there have been no prior reports of cardiac metastasis of esophageal *** case highlights our experience with a patient with esophageal SCC who progressed rapidly and died from the disease,with the autopsy examination showing cardiac metastasis.

关键词： Spindle cell carcinoma Esophagus Myocardial metastasis Epithelial-mesenchymal transition Case report

Clinical Evaluation of Two Interferon-Gamma Release Assays for Diagnostic Tests of Tuberculosis Infection in a Tertiary Hospital: Clinical Evaluation of Two IGRAs for TB Infection

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第3期12卷 129-141页

作者： yoshihiro Kobashi Toru Oga Department of Respiratory Medicine Kawasaki Medical School Kurashiki Japan

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of two interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) (QuantiFERON-TB Plus (QFT-plus) and *** assay) for patients suspected of having tuberculosis (TB) infection as supportive methods for diagnosing TB. Patients and Methods: The subjects consisted of 45 patients who required clinical differentiation of TB disease from June 2019 to August 2023. The final clinical diagnoses were: 14 patients with active TB disease, 4 with latent TB infection (LTBI), 17 with old (cured) TB disease, and 10 with pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease. We used the two IGRAs for these patients and evaluated the data according to the manufacturer’s guidelines for interpretation or FDA-approved cutoffs. Results: Among the total of 14 patients with active TB disease (mean age: 64 years old, male: 9, and female: 5), a positive response was noted in 10 patients (71%) on QFT-plus and 9 (64%) on ***. Four patients with a negative response on QFT-plus and *** were elderly or cancer patients with lymphocytopenia or hypoalbuminemia. All four patients with LTBI showed a positive response (100%) on both QFT-plus and ***. Among the seventeen patients with old (cured) TB disease, a positive response was noted in 8 patients (47%) on QFT-plus and 9 (53%) on ***. All patients with pulmonary NTM disease showed a negative response on both QFT-plus and ***. Conclusions: A false-negative response on QFT-plus as well as *** was recognized in elderly patients and patients with an immunosuppressed condition, and half of patients with old (cured) TB showed no negative conversion after the completion of treatment through this study. Although it was recently reported that the positive response rate on QFT-plus of patients with active TB disease was high, we consider it necessary to be careful in diagnosing TB infection using IGRAs for patients with severe underlying diseases in a tertiary hospital based

关键词： QFT-Plus T-SPOT.TB Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Tertiary Hospital

Rational design of natural leather-based water evaporator for electricity generation and functional applications

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 129-144页

作者： Bingyuan Zhang Xiaoyu Guan Qingxin Han Haoxiang Guo Sai Zheng Xuhui Sun Afnan H.El-Gowily Mohammed A.Abosheasha Yanxia Zhu Motoki Ueda Meng An Haojun Fan yoshihiro Ito College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical IndustryMinistry of EducationShaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and TechnologyShaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXi'an 710021ShaanxiChina Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWako 351-0198SaitamaJapan Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering(Sichuan University) Ministry of EducationChengdu 610065SichuanChina College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Shaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXi'an 710021ShaanxiChina Biochemistry Division Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ScienceTanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt

In recent years,water evaporation-induced electricity has attracted a great deal of attention as an emerging green and renewable energy harvesting *** abundant materials have been developed to fabricate hydrovoltaic devices,the limitations of high costs,inconvenient storage and transport,low environmental benefits,and unadaptable shape have restricted their wide ***,an electricity generator driven by water evaporation has been engineered based on natural biomass leather with inherent properties of good moisture permeability,excellent wettability,physicochemical stability,flexibility,and *** numerous nano/microchannels together with rich oxygen-bearing functional groups,the natural leather-based water evaporator,Leather_(Emblic-NPs-SA/CB),could continuously produce electricity even staying outside,achieving a maximum output voltage of∼3 V with six-series ***,the leather-based water evaporator has enormous potential for use as a flexible self-powered electronic floor and seawater demineralizer due to its sensitive pressure sensing ability as well as its excellent photothermal conversion efficiency(96.3%)and thus fast water evaporation rate(2.65 kg m^(−2)h^(−1)).This work offers a new and functional material for the construction of hydrovoltaic devices to harvest the sustained green energy from water evaporation in arbitrary ambient environments,which shows great promise in their widespread applications.

关键词： Energy conversion Water evaporation-induced electricity Functional leather Flexible self-powered sensor Desalination

Preoperative albumin-bilirubin score and liver resection percentage determine postoperative liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第14期30卷 2006-2017页

作者： Kazuhiro Takahashi Masahiko Gosho yoshihiro Miyazaki Hiromitsu Nakahashi Osamu Shimomura Kinji Furuya Manami Doi Yohei Owada Koichi Ogawa Yusuke Ohara Yoshimasa Akashi Tsuyoshi Enomoto Shinji Hashimoto Tatsuya Oda Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery University of TsukubaTsukuba 3058-575IbarakiJapan Department of Biostatistics University of TsukubaTsukuba 3058-575IbarakiJapan

BACKGROUND The success of liver resection relies on the ability of the remnant liver to *** of the knowledge regarding the pathophysiological basis of liver regeneration comes from rodent studies,and data on humans are ***,there is limited knowledge about the preoperative factors that influence postoperative *** To quantify postoperative remnant liver volume by the latest volumetric software and investigate perioperative factors that affect posthepatectomy liver *** A total of 268 patients who received partial hepatectomy were *** were grouped into right hepatectomy/trisegmentectomy(RH/Tri),left hepa-tectomy(LH),segmentectomy(Seg),and subsegmentectomy/nonanatomical hepatectomy(Sub/Non)*** regeneration index(RI)and late rege-neration rate were defined as(postoperative liver volume)/[total functional liver volume(TFLV)]×100 and(RI at 6-months-RI at 3-months)/RI at 6-months,*** lower 25th percentile of RI and the higher 25th percentile of late regeneration rate in each group were defined as“low regeneration”and“delayed regeneration”.“Restoration to the original size”was defined as regeneration of the liver volume by more than 90%of the TFLV at 12 months *** The numbers of patients in the RH/Tri,LH,Seg,and Sub/Non groups were 41,53,99 and 75,*** RI plateaued at 3 months in the LH,Seg,and Sub/Non groups,whereas the RI increased until 12 months in the RH/Tri *** to our multivariate analysis,the preoperative albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)score was an independent factor for low regeneration at 3 months[odds ratio(OR)95%CI=2.80(1.17-6.69),P=0.02;per 1.0 up]and 12 months[OR=2.27(1.01-5.09),P=0.04;per 1.0 up].Multivariate analysis revealed that only liver resection percentage[OR=1.03(1.00-1.05),P=0.04]was associated with delayed ***,multivariate analysis demonstrated that the preoperative ALBI score[OR=2.63(1.00-1.05),P=0.02;per 1.

关键词： Liver regeneration Albumin-bilirubin score Liver resection percentage Partial hepatectomy Human Regeneration index

Symptomatic COVID-19 in University Students: A School-Wide Web-Based Questionnaire Survey during the Omicron Variant Outbreak

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 133-146页

作者： Mai kitahara Hisami Sameshima Rie Tanuma Kumi Setoyama Yuka Yamaguchi Akiyo Kamachi Satoko Nakamura Mayuko Sakuma Yoichi Kawaike Tamotsu Furuya Shinji Ijichi Health Service Center Kagoshima University Kagoshima Japan Center for Management of Information Technologies Kagoshima University Kagoshima Japan

Aim: To detect risk and preventive factors associated with the Omicron variant infection in university students, a combination of a web-based survey and multivariate logistic regression analysis was introduced as the front-line initiatives by the school health practitioners. Design: Questionnaire survey. Methods: The school-wide web-based questionnaire survey was conducted among our university students as a part of the annual health check-up in April, 2023. The positive outcome was confined to the first symptomatic COVID-19 onset during the Omicron variant outbreak. Results: In this self-administered survey, risk or protective associations were merely estimated statistically in university students (n = 5406). In measured factors, karaoke and club/group activities could maintain the statistical significance in adjusted odds ratios (ORs) as relative risk factors, and science course, measles/ rubella (MR) vaccination, and COVID-19 vaccination remained as relative protective factors in adjusted OR analyses. Club/group activities with member gathering and karaoke sing-along sessions in university students may frequently have WHO’s three Cs. These risk factors are still important topics for the infection control of COVID-19 in university students. Together with some recent reports from other researchers, the significant protective role of MR vaccine in our survey warrants further clinical investigation. If the breakthrough infection continuously constitutes the majority of infection, real data in test-negative case-control or web-based questionnaire design continue to be important for statistical analysis to determine the minimal requirement of our strategies which may be equivalent to or replace COVID-19 vaccines.

关键词： Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Omicron Variant Risk Behaviors Protective Factors