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Power Electronics:The Enabling Technology for Renewable Energy Integration

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第1期8卷 39-52页

作者： Zhongting Tang yongheng yang Frede Blaabjerg AAU energy Aalborg UniversityAalborg DK-9220Denmark College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

The markedly increased integration of renewable energy in the power grid is of significance in the transition to a sustainable energy future.The grid integration of renewables will be continuously enhanced in the future.According to the International Renewable Energy Agency(IRENA),renewable technology is the main pathway to reach zero carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions by 2060.Power electronics have played and will continue to play a significant role in this energy transition by providing efficient electrical energy conversion,distribution,transmission,and utilization.Consequently,the development of power electronics technologies,i.e.,new semiconductor devices,flexible converters,and advanced control schemes,is promoted extensively across the globe.Among various renewables,wind energy and photovoltaic(PV)are the most widely used,and accordingly these are explored in this paper to demonstrate the role of power electronics.The development of renewable energies and the demands of power electronics are reviewed first.Then,the power conversion and control technologies as well as grid codes for wind and PV systems are discussed.Future trends in terms of power semiconductors,reliability,advanced control,grid-forming operation,and security issues for largescale grid integration of renewables,and intelligent and full user engagement are presented at the end.

关键词： Advanced control grid codes grid integration photovoltaic system power electronics reliability wind turbine system

人工智能时代社会科学研究的“变”与“不变”

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学术前沿 2024年第4期 96-105页

作者：杨永恒清华大学中国发展规划研究院

人工智能的发展推动社会科学研究在广度与深度上产生了质的飞跃,基础研究、知识创造将更加呈现跨学科交叉的趋势,形成了人工智能驱动的社会科学研究范式变革,对社会科学的知识生产和传播产生了革命性影响。一方面,人工智能以其强大的数... 详细信息

人工智能的发展推动社会科学研究在广度与深度上产生了质的飞跃,基础研究、知识创造将更加呈现跨学科交叉的趋势,形成了人工智能驱动的社会科学研究范式变革,对社会科学的知识生产和传播产生了革命性影响。一方面,人工智能以其强大的数据和算法全面赋能社会科学的发展;另一方面,人工智能也显著改变着人类的行为和决策方式,引发了道德、伦理、隐私、规范等新的社会问题,使人工智能治理成为社会科学的重要研究对象。当前,有必要在阐释人工智能赋能社会科学的深层次机理的基础上,剖析人工智能时代社会科学的“变”与“不变”,并就进一步促进人工智能与社会科学的融合发展提出对策建议。

关键词：人工智能社会科学研究赋能机制人工智能治理未来展望

RIPK3 promotes hantaviral replication by restricting JAK-STAT signaling without triggering necroptosis

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Virologica Sinica 2023年第5期38卷 741-754页

作者： Yue Si Haijun Zhang Ziqing Zhou Xudong Zhu yongheng yang He Liu Liang Zhang Linfeng Cheng Kerong Wang Wei Ye Xin Lv Xijing Zhang Wugang Hou Gang Zhao Yingfeng Lei Fanglin Zhang Hongwei Ma Department of Microbiology School of Basic MedicineAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an710032China Department of Neurology Xijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an710032China Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine School of Aerospace MedicineKey Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of EducationAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an710032China Department of Anesthesiology&Critical Care Medicine Xijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an710032China The College of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest UniversityXi'an710069China

Hantaan virus(HTNV)is a rodent-borne virus that causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS),resulting in a high mortality rate of 15%.Interferons(IFNs)play a critical role in the anti-hantaviral immune response,and IFN pretreatment efficiently restricts HTNV infection by triggering the expression of a series of IFNstimulated genes(ISGs)through the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription 1(JAK-STAT)pathway.However,the tremendous amount of IFNs produced during late infection could not restrain HTNV replication,and the mechanism remains unclear.Here,we demonstrated that receptor-interacting protein kinase 3(RIPK3),a crucial molecule that mediates necroptosis,was activated by HTNV and contributed to hantavirus evasion of IFN responses by inhibiting STAT1 phosphorylation.RNA-seq analysis revealed the upregulation of multiple cell death-related genes after HTNV infection,with RIPK3 identified as a key modulator of viral replication.RIPK3 ablation significantly enhanced ISGs expression and restrained HTNV replication,without affecting the expression of pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)or the production of type I IFNs.Conversely,exogenously expressed RIPK3 compromised the host's antiviral response and facilitated HTNV replication.RIPK3^(-/-)mice also maintained a robust ability to clear HTNV with enhanced innate immune responses.Mechanistically,we found that RIPK3 could bind STAT1 and inhibit STAT1 phosphorylation dependent on the protein kinase domain(PKD)of RIPK3 but not its kinase activity.Overall,these observations demonstrated a noncanonical function of RIPK3 during viral infection and have elucidated a novel host innate immunity evasion strategy utilized by HTNV.

关键词： Hantaan virus(HTNV) RIPK3 Interferons IFN-stimulated genes STAT1 Innate immune response

STING strengthens host anti-hantaviral immunity through an interferon-independent pathway

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Virologica Sinica 2023年第4期38卷 568-584页

作者： Kerong Wang Jian Zhang yongheng yang Yue Si Ziqing Zhou Xudong Zhu Sushan Wu He Liu Hui Zhang Liang Zhang Linfeng Cheng Wei Ye Xin Lv Yingfeng Lei Xijing Zhang Shilin Cheng Lixin Shen Fanglin Zhang Hongwei Ma College of Life Sciences Northwest UniversityXi'an 710069China Department of Microbiology School of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710032China College of Medicine Yan'an UniversityYan'an 716000China Department of Anesthesiology&Critical Care Medicine Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032China Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology School of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710032China

Hantaan virus(HTNV),the prototype virus of hantavirus,could escape innate immunity by restraining type I interferon(IFN)responses.It is largely unknown whether there existed other efficient anti-hantaviral tactics in host cells.Here,we demonstrate that the stimulator of interferon genes(STING)strengthens the host IFNindependent anti-hantaviral immunity.HTNV infection activates RIG-I through IRE1-XBP 1-mediated ER stress,which further facilitates the subcellular translocation and activation of STING.During this process,STING triggers cellular autophagy by interacting with Rab7A,thus restricting viral replication.To note,the anti-hantaviral effects of STING are independent of canonical IFN signaling.Additionally,neither application of the pharmacological antagonist nor the agonist targeting STING could improve the outcomes of nude mice post HTNV challenge in vivo.However,the administration of plasmids exogenously expressing the mutant C-terminal tail(ΔCTT)STING,which would not trigger the type I IFN responses,protected the nude mice from lethal HTNV infection.In summary,our research revealed a novel antiviral pathway through the RIG-I-STING-autophagy pathway,which offered novel therapeutic strategies against hantavirus infection.

关键词： Hantaan virus(HTNV) IRE1 RIG-I STING Autophagy Innate immunity

全球极端降水对不同外强迫的敏感性响应:基于PDRMIP模拟试验

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科学通报 2024年第15期69卷 2093-2106页

作者：武洁石正国解小宁杨永恒刘方圆中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室西安710061 中国科学院大学北京100049 西安交通大学全球环境变化研究院西安710049 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院兰州730000

全球增暖背景下极端降水变化受到了温室气体、太阳辐射、气溶胶等自然与人为强迫因素的共同影响.本文基于“降水驱动与响应模式间比较计划”(A Precipitation Driver and Response Model Intercomparison Project,PDRMIP)提供的9个全球... 详细信息

全球增暖背景下极端降水变化受到了温室气体、太阳辐射、气溶胶等自然与人为强迫因素的共同影响.本文基于“降水驱动与响应模式间比较计划”(A Precipitation Driver and Response Model Intercomparison Project,PDRMIP)提供的9个全球气候模式模拟的针对5种不同因子(加倍二氧化碳、增加2%的太阳辐射、10倍黑碳、5倍硫酸盐、3倍甲烷)高强迫情景下的理想试验,利用气候变化检测和指数专家组(Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices,ETCCDI)定义的4个降水指数,详细分析了不同外部强迫因子作用下全球极端降水的响应.结果表明,相比于平均降水,在5种强迫因子作用下极端降水指数均表现出更大的变化.与加倍二氧化碳相比,增加2%的太阳辐射、5倍硫酸盐气溶胶和3倍甲烷强迫下全球极端降水对温度变化的响应更加强烈,而10倍黑碳气溶胶强迫下的降水变化则表现出较强的模式间差异.在加倍二氧化碳、增加2%的太阳辐射和3倍甲烷强迫下,极端降水的变化表现相似的纬向分布特征,最强的降水响应出现在赤道地区;10倍黑碳、5倍硫酸盐气溶胶强迫下则表现出明显的南北半球差异.水汽收支诊断结果揭示了在高强迫情景下,二氧化碳、太阳辐射和甲烷强迫下热带地区更强烈的降水变化主要与热力作用有关,而动力作用可能是导致黑碳、硫酸盐气溶胶强迫下降水变化的主要原因.

关键词：极端降水敏感性 PDRMIP 气候强迫

高掺量煅烧煤矸石粉胶结料的力学和水化特性研究

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中国建材科技 2024年第2期33卷 53-58页

作者：杨永恒迟骋刘东升西北民族大学土木工程学院甘肃兰州730030 甘肃省绿色工程材料与低碳建造重点实验室甘肃兰州730124

研究了煅烧煤矸石-水泥熟料-石膏胶材体系的力学和水化特性。结果表明,煅烧煤矸石适当取代部分熟料制备的胶凝材料具有较好的力学性能,最佳取代量为35%,7d和28d强度可达23.8MPa和29MPa。无水硫酸钠的掺入可明显提升胶材体系的早期和后... 详细信息

研究了煅烧煤矸石-水泥熟料-石膏胶材体系的力学和水化特性。结果表明,煅烧煤矸石适当取代部分熟料制备的胶凝材料具有较好的力学性能,最佳取代量为35%,7d和28d强度可达23.8MPa和29MPa。无水硫酸钠的掺入可明显提升胶材体系的早期和后期强度,最佳掺量为5%,3d、7d和28d强度分别提升100%、32.4%和40%。利用XRD和SEM对胶凝材料改性前后的物相组成分析发现,无水硫酸钠的掺入使体系早期生成了大量的Ca(OH)_(2)贯穿于C-S-H凝胶中,且Ca(OH)_(2)的存在加速石膏溶解,加快AFt生成,填充孔隙,使体系结构致密,提高了早期强度。

关键词：煤矸石无水硫酸钠早期强度水化机理

基于模型试验的体外预应力加固梁应力增量分析

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水利与建筑工程学报 2024年第2期22卷 94-101页

作者：杨永恒原淼淼刘喆雷浪陕西交通控股集团有限公司陕西西安710065 内蒙古科技大学内蒙古包头014010 西安公路研究院有限公司陕西西安710065

为研究不同体外预应力加固方式对预应力混凝土(PC)梁受力性能的影响,对三根T形简支梁进行静载试验,观察PC梁的裂缝开展以及破坏情况,分析荷载、挠度、应变等的变化趋势,并提出预应力筋的极限应力计算公式,探讨体外加固预应力筋的有效高... 详细信息

为研究不同体外预应力加固方式对预应力混凝土(PC)梁受力性能的影响,对三根T形简支梁进行静载试验,观察PC梁的裂缝开展以及破坏情况,分析荷载、挠度、应变等的变化趋势,并提出预应力筋的极限应力计算公式,探讨体外加固预应力筋的有效高度、面积以及有效应力对体内外预应力筋应力增量的影响。结果表明:与未加固梁A1梁相比,A2梁的承载力提高了57.5%,A3梁的承载力提高了52.7%,可见不同的体外预应力加固方式对PC梁的承载力均有不同程度的提高;体外加固T梁的荷载-挠度曲线基本呈三折线,且预应力筋应力增量与跨中挠度基本呈线性关系;通过对比发现,体外筋有效高度增加时,体内外筋的应力增量分别随之减小、增加,而在其他因素影响下,体内外筋的应力增量均逐渐减小。

关键词：体外预应力加固预应力混凝土梁极限应力应力增量

CEOs’Diverse Career Experiences and the Effectiveness of Compensation Contracts:Evidence from Compensation Stickiness

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2024年第1期33卷 52-76页

作者： Shimin Sun yongheng Wang Yawen Wang Mengyu Mao School of Business Administration Northeastern UniversityShenyang110169China

CEO compensation stickiness represents an important indicator to measure the effectiveness of compensation contracts.This study uses CEO career experience data and compensation stickiness data from Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2020 to investigate the compensation contracts’effectiveness of CEOs with diverse career experiences.The findings are as follows:1)Compensation stickiness is more pronounced for CEOs with diverse career experiences.According to the mechanism test,these CEOs with diverse career experiences can obtain compensation incentives by reducing corporate uncertainty perception and improving total factor productivity.This approach leads to increased compensation stickiness and the effectiveness of compensation contracts.CEOs with diverse career experiences may receive excess compensation by raising agency costs,which intensifies compensation stickiness and weakens the effectiveness of compensation contracts.2)Compensation stickiness of CEOs with diverse career experiences is more significant in companies with lower investor protection,which brings about less effective compensation contracts.In contrast,in companies with higher diversification,the compensation stickiness of CEOs with diverse career experiences is more significant,which delivers more effective compensation contracts.The conclusions deepen the research of CEO compensation contracts and provide a helpful reference for CEO compensation management practices.

关键词： CEOs’diverse career experiences effectiveness of compensation contracts compensation stickiness agency problems incentive mechanisms

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预制内外复合保温模壳拼装墙体热工性能研究

混凝土与水泥制品 2024年第4期 70-76页

作者：王洪镇张笑笑杨永恒王璟褚文斌高潇李雨泽西北民族大学土木工程学院甘肃兰州730124 甘肃省新型建材与建筑节能重点实验室甘肃兰州730030

为探究预制内外复合保温模壳拼装墙体结构中的卡板连接件对墙体热工性能的影响,通过热工理论计算、试验研究、ANSYS有限元热分析模拟软件3种方法,对比分析了无连接件、不同数量连接件以及双面抹灰不同条件下墙体的传热系数。结果表明:... 详细信息

为探究预制内外复合保温模壳拼装墙体结构中的卡板连接件对墙体热工性能的影响,通过热工理论计算、试验研究、ANSYS有限元热分析模拟软件3种方法,对比分析了无连接件、不同数量连接件以及双面抹灰不同条件下墙体的传热系数。结果表明:在无连接件条件下,实际墙体热工试验测试值与热工理论计算值的误差较小;连接件数量越多,热桥效应越明显,墙体的热工性能越差;采用有限元模拟软件对墙体进行热工设计结果较精确,可作为设计依据;研究结果可为模壳拼装墙体在超低能耗建筑的应用及能耗分析提供借鉴。

关键词：内外复合保温模壳卡板连接件拼装墙体热桥效应传热系数