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Effects of altering the ratio of C16:0 and cis-9 C18:1 in rumen bypass fat on growth performance, lipid metabolism, intestinal barrier, cecal microbiota, and inflammation in fattening bulls

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 2156-2174页

作者： Haixin Bai Haosheng zhang Congwen Wang Modinat Tolani Lambo Yang Li yonggen zhang College of Animal Science and Technology Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China Faculty of Animal Science and Technology Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650500China

Background C16:0 and cis-9 C18:1 may have different effects on animal growth and health due to unique metabolism in *** study was investigated to explore the different effects of altering the ratio of C16:0 and cis-9 C18:1 in fat supplements on growth performance,lipid metabolism,intestinal barrier,cecal microbiota,and inflammation in fattening *** finishing Angus bulls(626±69 kg,21±0.5 months)were divided into 3 treatments according to the randomized block design:(1)control diet without additional fat(CON),(2)CON+2.5%palmitic acid calcium salt(PA,90%C16:0),and(3)CON+2.5%mixed fatty acid calcium salt(MA,60%C16:0+30%cis-9 C18:1).The experiment lasted for 104 d,after which all the bulls were slaughtered and sampled for *** MA tended to reduce 0–52 d dry matter intake compared to PA(DMI,P=0.052).Compared with CON and MA,PA significantly increased 0–52 d average daily gain(ADG,P=0.027).PA tended to improve the 0–52 d feed conversion rate compared with CON(FCR,P=0.088).Both PA and MA had no significant effect on 52–104 days of DMI,ADG and FCR(P>0.05).PA tended to improve plasma triglycerides compared with MA(P=0.077),significantly increased plasma cholesterol(P=0.002)and tended to improve subcutaneous adipose weight(P=0.066)when compared with CON and *** PA and MA increased visceral adipose weight compared with CON(P=0.021).Only PA increased the colonization of Rikenellaceae,Ruminococcus and Proteobacteria in the cecum,and MA increased Akkermansia abundance(P<0.05).Compared with CON,both PA and MA down-regulated the m RNA expression of Claudin-1 in the jejunum(P<0.001),increased plasma diamine oxidase(DAO,P<0.001)and lipopolysaccharide(LPS,P=0.045).Compared with CON and MA,PA down-regulated the ZO-1 in the jejunum(P<0.001)and increased plasma LPS-binding protein(LBP,P<0.001).Compared with CON,only PA down-regulated the Occludin in the jejunum(P=0.013).Compared with CON,PA and MA significantly up-regulated the expression of TLR-4 and NF-κB

关键词： C16:0 cis-9 C18:1 Finishing bulls Intestinal homeostasis Lipid metabolism Low-grade inflammation

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Effect of changing the proportion of C16:0 and cis-9 C18:1 in fat supplements on rumen fermentation,glucose and lipid metabolism,antioxidation capacity,and visceral fatty acid profile in finishing Angus bulls

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 39-48页

作者： Haixin Bai Lubo Wang Modinat Tolani Lambo Yang Li yonggen zhang College of Animal Science and Technology Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

This study evaluated the effects of different proportions of palmitic(C16:0)and oleic(cis-9 C18:1)acids in fat supplements on rumen fermentation,glucose(GLU)and lipid metabolism,antioxidant function,and visceral fat fatty acid(FA)composition in Angus *** design of the experiment was a randomized block design with 3 treatments of 10 animals each.A total of 30 finishing Angus bulls(21±0.5 months)with an initial body weight of 626±69 kg were blocked by weight into 10 blocks,with 3 bulls per *** bulls in each block were randomly assigned to one of three experimental diets:(1)control diet without additional fat(CON),(2)CON+2.5%palmitic calcium salt(PA;90%C16:0),(3)CON+2.5%mixed FA calcium salts(MA;60%C16:0+30%cis-9 C18:1).Both fat supplements increased C18:0 and cis-9 C18:1 in visceral fat(P<0.05)and up-regulated the expression of liver FA transport protein 5(FATP5;P<0.001).PA increased the insulin concentration(P<0.001)and aspartate aminotransferase activity(AST;P=0.030)in bull's blood while reducing the GLU concentration(P=0.009).PA increased the content of triglycerides(TG;P=0.014)in the liver,the content of the C16:0 in visceral fat(P=0.004),and weight gain(P=0.032),and up-regulated the expression of liver diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2(DGAT2;P<0.001)and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1(SCD1;P<0.05).MA increased plasma superoxide dismutase activity(SOD;P=0.011),reduced the concentration of acetate and total volatile FA(VFA)in rumen fluid(P<0.05),and tended to increase plasma non-esterified FA(NEFA;P=0.069)***,high C16:0 fat supplementation increased weight gain in Angus bulls and triggered the risk of fatty liver,insulin resistance,and reduced antioxidant *** adverse effects were alleviated by partially replacing C16:0 with cis-9 C18:1.

关键词： Palmitic acid Oleic acid Lipid metabolism Lipotoxicity Finishing bull

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Automatic recognition of ingestive-related behaviors of dairy cows based on triaxial acceleration

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2020年第3期7卷 427-443页

作者： Weizheng Shen Fei Cheng Yu zhang Xiaoli Wei Qiang Fu yonggen zhang College of Electrical and Information Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China College of Animal Science and Technology Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

Ingestive-related behaviors including feeding and ruminating are important indexes to measure the health and welfare of dairy *** purpose of this study is to develop a method based on triaxial acceleration to automatically recognize feeding and ruminating of dairy *** the experiment,five diary cows raised in a barn were used as experimental subjects.A triaxial acceleration sensor was used as the device to collect jawmovement data of dairy cows,and the behaviors of dairy cows were classified into three categories:feeding,ruminating and other *** features of time-domain and frequency-domain were extracted from the raw acceleration *** machine learning algorithms including k-nearest neighbor,support vector machine and probabilistic neural network were used for the classification and the results based on four different data segment lengths were *** results show that the three algorithms can be used for recognition of feeding and ruminating with high *** the condition that the sampling frequency of the sensor is 5 Hz,the combination of data segment length of 256 and k-nearest neighbor algorithm is the best scheme for recognition of feeding and ruminating in this *** precision and recall of recognition for feeding were 92.8%and 95.6%respectively,and those of recognition for ruminating were 93.7%and 94.3%*** specificity and AUC of recognition for feeding were 96.1%and 0.959 respectively,and those of recognition for ruminating were 97.5%and 0.959 *** will provide an effective method for real-time monitoring of ingestive-related behaviors of dairy cows and lay a foundation for prediction of dairy cows’health status and welfare to further achieve the purpose of disease prediction and adjusting feeding and management methods.

关键词： Recognition of ingestive-related behaviors Triaxial acceleration Machine learning

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Vision-based measuring method for individual cow feed intake using depth images and a Siamese network

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第3期16卷 233-239页

作者： Xinjie Wang Baisheng Dai Xiaoli Wei Weizheng Shen yonggen zhang Benhai Xiong College of Electrical Engineering and Information Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China College of Animal Science and Technology Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Institute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

Feed intake is an important indicator to reflect the production performance and disease risk of dairy cows,which can also evaluate the utilization rate of pasture *** achieve an automatic and non-contact measurement of feed intake,this paper proposes a method for measuring the feed intake of cows based on computer vision technology with a Siamese network and depth *** automated data acquisition system was first designed to collect depth images of feed piles and constructed a dataset with 24150 samples.A deep learning model based on the Siamese network was then constructed to implement non-contact measurement of feed intake for dairy cows by training with collected *** experimental results show that the mean absolute error(MAE)and the root mean square error(RMSE)of this method are 0.100 kg and 0.128 kg in the range of 0-8.2 kg respectively,which outperformed existing *** work provides a new idea and technology for the intelligent measuring of dairy cow feed intake.

关键词： computer vision Siamese network cow feed intake depth image precision livestock farming

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Enhancing Deep Learning Soil Moisture Forecasting Models by Integrating Physics-based Models

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1326-1341页

作者： Lu LI Yongjiu DAI Zhongwang WEI Wei SHANGGUAN Nan WEI yonggen zhang Qingliang LI Xian-Xiang LI School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Guangzhou 510275China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Guangzhou 510275China Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China College of Computer Science and Technology Changchun Normal UniversityChangchun 130123China

Accurate soil moisture(SM)prediction is critical for understanding hydrological ***-based(PB)models exhibit large uncertainties in SM predictions arising from uncertain parameterizations and insufficient representation of land-surface *** addition to PB models,deep learning(DL)models have been widely used in SM predictions ***,few pure DL models have notably high success rates due to lacking physical ***,we developed hybrid models to effectively integrate the outputs of PB models into DL models to improve SM *** this end,we first developed a hybrid model based on the attention mechanism to take advantage of PB models at each forecast time scale(attention model).We further built an ensemble model that combined the advantages of different hybrid schemes(ensemble model).We utilized SM forecasts from the Global Forecast System to enhance the convolutional long short-term memory(ConvLSTM)model for 1–16 days of SM *** performances of the proposed hybrid models were investigated and compared with two existing hybrid *** results showed that the attention model could leverage benefits of PB models and achieved the best predictability of drought events among the different hybrid ***,the ensemble model performed best among all hybrid models at all forecast time scales and different soil *** is highlighted that the ensemble model outperformed the pure DL model over 79.5%of in situ stations for 16-day *** findings suggest that our proposed hybrid models can adequately exploit the benefits of PB model outputs to aid DL models in making SM predictions.

关键词： soil moisture forecasting hybrid model deep learning ConvLSTM attention mechanism

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Mechanism of action,benefits,and research gap in fermented soybean meal utilization as a high-quality protein source for livestock and poultry

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 130-146页

作者： Modinat T.Lambo Haokai Ma Haosheng zhang Peng Song Hongxiang Mao Guowen Cui Baisheng Dai Yang Li yonggen zhang College of Animal Science and Technology Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China Wilmar(Shanghai)Biotechnology Research and Development Center Co. LtdShanghai 200137China College of Electrical Engineering and Information Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

Animal nutritionists have incessantly worked towards providing livestock with high-quality plant protein feed *** meal(SBM)has been an essential and predominantly adopted vegetable protein source in livestock feeding for a long time;however,several SBM antinutrients could potentially impair the animal's performance and growth,limiting its *** processing methods have been employed to remove SBM antinutrients,including fermentation with fungal or bacterial *** to the literature,fermentation,a traditional food processing method,could improve SBM's nutritional and functional properties,making it more suitable and beneficial to *** current interest in health-promoting functional feed,which can enhance the growth of animals,improve their immune system,and promote physiological benefits more than conventional feed,coupled with the ban on the use of antimicrobial growth promoters,has caused a renewed interest in the use of fermented SBM(FSBM)in livestock *** review details the mechanism of SBM fermentation and its impacts on animal health and discusses the recent trend in the application and emerging advantages to livestock while shedding light on the research gap that needs to be critically addressed in future *** appears to be a multifunctional high-quality plant protein source for *** removing soybean antinutrients,beneficial bioactive peptides and digestive enzymes are produced during fermentation,providing probiotics,antioxidants,and immunomodulatory *** aspects regarding FSBM feeding to animals remain uncharted,such as the duration of fermentation,the influence of feeding on digestive tissue development,choice of microbial strain,and possible environmental impact.

关键词： Soybean meal Protein feed Fermentation Microorganism Livestock

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Assessment of dairy cow feed intake based on BP neural network with polynomial decay learning rate

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2022年第2期9卷 266-275页

作者： Weizheng Shen Gen Li Xiaoli Wei Qiang Fu yonggen zhang Tengyu Qu Congcong Chen Runtao Wang College of Electric and Information Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China College of Animal Science and Technology Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

To overcome the shortcomings of traditional dairy cow feed intake assessment model andBP neural network, this paper proposes a method of optimizing BP neural network usingpolynomial decay learning rate, taking the cow’s body weight, lying duration, lying times,walking steps, foraging duration and concentrate-roughage ratio as input variables andtaking the actual feed intake is the output variable to establish a dairy cow feed intakeassessment model, and the model is trained and verified by experimental data collectedon site. For the sake of comparative study, feed intake is simultaneously assessed by SVRmodel, KNN logistic regression model, traditional BP neural network model, and multilayerBP neural network model. The results show that the established BP model using the polynomial decay learning rate has the highest assessment accuracy, the MSPE, RMSE, MAE,MAPE and R2 are 0.043 kg2/d and 0.208 kg/d, 0.173 kg/d, 1.37% and 0.94 respectively. Compared with SVR model and KNN mode, the RMSE value reduced by 43.9% and 26.5%, it isalso found that the model designed in this paper has many advantages in comparison withthe BP model and multilayer BP model in terms of precision and generalization. Therefore,this method is ready to be applied for accurately evaluating the dairy cow feed intake, andit can provide theoretical guidance and technical support for the precise-feeding and canalso be of high significance in the improvement of dairy precise-breeding.

关键词： Cow Feed intake assessment BP neural network Polynomial decay learning rate

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Effect of different levels of corn steep liquor addition on fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability of fresh rice straw silage

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Animal Nutrition 2016年第4期2卷 345-350页

作者： Xinxin Li Wenbin Xu Jinshan Yang Hongbo Zhao Hangshu Xin yonggen zhang College of Animal Science and Technology Northeast Agricultural University Institute of New Rural Development Northeast Agricultural University

The object of this study was to determine the proper mixing ratio of fresh rice straw to corn steep liquor(CSL) to obtain a high protein content silage feed. The following experimental silages were generated: the control(C1), composed of fresh rice straw without CSL additive, mixed with CSL in the ratios of 4:1(C4),3:1(C3) and 2:1(C2). Lactic acid bacteria(LAB) inoculant was applied at the rate of 50 mL/kg(fresh basis)of forage to achieve a final application rate of 1 x 10~6 cfu/g of fresh matter(FM). Duplicate silos for each treatment were opened after 0,3, 7,10,20,30,45 and 60 d for microbiological and chemical analysis. The results showed that the addition of CSL significantly increased crude protein(CP) contents, and decreased neutral detergent fiber(NDF) and acid detergent fiber(ADF) contents of treatments after 60 d of ensiling(P < 0.05). The lactic acid contents in C4 and C3 were significantly higher than that in C1(P <0.05). In summary, mixing fresh rice straw with CSL at addition levels of 4:1(C4) and 3:1(C3) can improve the fermentation quality and nutrient composition of fresh rice straw silage. However, a large proportion of CSL(C3) had a negative impact on the aerobic stability of fresh rice straw.

关键词： Corn steep liquor Fresh rice straw Lactic acid bacteria Mixing ratio Silage

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Predicting the excretion of feces,urine and nitrogen using support vector regression:A case study with Holstein dry cows

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第2期13卷 48-56页

作者： Qiang Fu Weizheng Shen Xiaoli Wei Yanling Yin Ping Zheng yonggen zhang Zhongbin Su Chunjiang Zhao College of Electrical and Information Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China Key Laboratory of Pig-breeding Facilities Engineering Ministry of AgricultureHarbin 150030China College of Animal Science and Technology Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture Beijing 100097China

Predicting the excretion of feces,urine and nitrogen(N)from dairy cows is an effective way to prevent and control the environmental pollution caused by scaled *** traditional prediction methods such as pollutant generation coefficient(PGC)and mathematical model based on linear regression(LR)may be limited by prediction range and regression function assumption,and sometimes may deviate from the actual *** order to solve these problems,the support vector regression(SVR)was applied for predicting the cows'feces,urine and N excretions,taking Holstein dry cows as a case *** is a typical non-parametric machine learning model that does not require any specific assumptions about the regression function in advance and only by learning the training sample data,and also it can fit the function closest to the actual in most *** evaluate prediction accuracy effectively,the SVR technique was compared with the LR and radial basis function artificial neural network(RBF-ANN)methods,using the required sample data obtained from actual feeding *** prediction results indicate that the proposed technique is superior to the other two conventional(especially LR)methods in predicting the main indicators of feces,urine,and N excretions of Holstein dry cows.

关键词： cow farming pollution feces/urine excretion prediction nitrogen excretion prediction non-parametric model SVR technique

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Effects of applying lactic acid bacteria to the fermentation on a mixture of corn steep liquor and air-dried rice straw

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Animal Nutrition 2016年第3期2卷 229-233页

作者： Xinxin Li Wenbin Xu Jinshan Yang Hongbo Zhao Chunfang Pan Xue Ding yonggen zhang College of Animal Science and Technology Northeast Agricultural University Institute of New Rural Development Northeast Agricultural University

This study was to determine the fermentation quality of a mixture of corn steep liquor(CSL)(178 g/kg wet basis) and air-dried rice straw(356 g/kg wet basis) after being treated with inoculants of different types of lactic acid bacteria(LAB). The treatments included the addition of no LAB additive(control),which was deionized water; homo-fermentative LAB alone(^(ho)LAB), which was Lactobacillus plantarum alone), and a mixture of homo-fermentative and hetero-fermentative LAB(^(he+ho)LAB), which were L. plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, and Lactobacillus buchneri. The results showed that the inoculation of the mixture of CSL and air-dried rice straw with ^(he+ho)LAB significantly increased the concentration of acetic acid and lactic acid compared with the control(P 372 h. The control group was the first to spoil, whereas the silage treated with ^(he+ho)LAB remained stable throughout the 372 h period of monitoring. The results demonstrated that the ^(he+ho)LAB could effectively improve the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of the silage.

关键词： Air-dried rice straw Aerobic stability Corn steep liquor Lactic acid bacteria Silage

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