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Combined effects of climate and land-use changes on the alpha and beta functional diversities of terrestrial mammals in China

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Chao Zhang Yumei Li Wei Wang Zexuan Gao Hanqing Liu yonggang nie Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Sciences Hebei University University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Climate and land-use changes are predicted to impact biodiversity,threatening ecosystem services and functions.However,their combined effects on the functional diversity of mammals at the regional scale remain unclear,especially at the beta level.Here,we use projected climate and land-use changes in China to investigate their potential effects on the alpha and beta functional diversities of terrestrial mammals under low-and high-emission scenarios.In the current projection,we showed strong positive spatial correlations between functional richness and species richness.Functional evenness (FEve),functional specialization (FSpe),and functional originality (FOri)decreased with species richness,and functional divergence (FDiv) increased first and then plateaued.Functional beta diversity was dominated by its nestedness component,in contrast to the taxonomic facet.Potential changes in species richness are more strongly influenced by land-use change under the low-emission scenario,while under the high-emission scenario,they are more strongly influenced by climate change.Changes in functional richness (FRic) were inconsistent with those in species richness,with a magnitude of decreases greater than predicted from species richness.Moreover,mammal assemblages showed potential functional differentiation (FD) across the country,and the trends exceeded those towards taxonomic differentiation (TD).Our findings help us understand the processes underlying biodiversity responses to global changes on multiple facets and provide new insight for conservation plans.

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A single nucleotide mutation in the dual-oxidase 2(DUOX2) gene causes some of the panda's unique metabolic phenotypes

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National Science Review 2022年第2期9卷 34-42页

作者： Agata M.Rudolf Qi Wu Li Li Jun Wang Yi Huang Jacques Togo Christopher Liechti Min Li Chaoqun Niu yonggang nie Fuwen Wei John R.Speakman State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Centre of Excellence for Animal Ecology and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences

The giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an iconic bear native to China,famous for eating almost exclusively bamboo.This unusual dietary behavior for a carnivore is enabled by several key adaptations including low physical activity,reduced organ sizes and hypothyroidism leading to lowered energy expenditure.These adaptive phenotypes have been hypothesized to arise from a panda-unique single-nucleotide mutation in the dual-oxidase 2(DUOX2) gene,involved in thyroid hormone synthesis.To test this hypothesis,we created genome-edited mice carrying the same point mutation as the panda and investigated its effect on metabolic phenotype.Homozygous mice were 27% smaller than heterozygous and wild-type ones,had 13 % lower body mass-adjusted food intake,5 5 % decreased physical activity,lower mass of kidneys(11%) and brain(5%),lower serum thyroxine(T4:36%),decreased absolute(12%) and mass-adjusted(5%) daily energy expenditure,and altered gut microbiota.Supplementation with T4 reversed the effects of the mutation.This work uses a state-of-the-art genome editing approach to demonstrate the link between a single-nucleotide mutation in a key endocrine-related gene and profound adaptive changes in the metabolic phenotype,with great importance in ecology and evolution.

关键词： giant panda DUOX2 mutation metabolic rate thyroid hormones DUOX2 mice and microbiota

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Conservation genetics and genomics of threatened vertebrates in China

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2018年第11期45卷 593-601页

作者： Huizhong Fan Yibo Hu Qi Wu yonggang nie Li Yan Fuwen Wei CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China

Conservation genetics and genomics are two independent disciplines that focus on using new techniques in genetics and genomics to solve problems in conservation biology. During the past two decades,conservation genetics and genomics have experienced rapid progress. Here, we summarize the research advances in the conservation genetics and genomics of threatened vertebrates(e.g., carnivorans, primates, ungulates, cetaceans, avians, amphibians and reptiles) in China. First, we introduce the concepts of conservation genetics and genomics and their development. Second, we review the recent advances in conservation genetics research, including noninvasive genetics and landscape genetics. Third, we summarize the progress in conservation genomics research, which mainly focuses on resolving genetic problems relevant to conservation such as genetic diversity, genetic structure, demographic history, and genomic evolution and adaptation. Finally, we discuss the future directions of conservation genetics and genomics.

关键词： Conservation genetics Conservation genomics Threatened species Adaptation Evolution

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Noninvasive genetics provides insights into the population size and genetic diversity of an Amur tiger population in China

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第1期11卷 16-24页

作者： Dan WANG Yibo HU Tianxiao MA yonggang nie Yan XIE Fuwen WEI Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina

Understanding population size and genetic diversity is critical for effective conservation of endangered species.The Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)is the largest felid and a flagship species for wildlife conservation.Due to habitat loss and human activities,available habitat and population size are continuously shrinking.However,little is known about the true population size and genetic diversity of wild tiger populations in China.In this study,we collected 55 fecal samples and 1 hair sample to investigate the population size and genetic diversity of wild Amur tigers in Hunchun National Nature Reserve,Jilin Province,China.From the samples,we determined that 23 fecal samples and 1 hair sample were from 7 Amur tigers:2 males,4 females and 1 individual of unknown sex.Interestingly,2 fecal samples that were presumed to be from tigers were from Amur leopards,highlighting the significant advantages of noninvasive genetics over traditional methods in studying rare and elusive animals.Analyses from this sample suggested that the genetic diversity of wild Amur tigers is much lower than that of Bengal tigers,consistent with previous findings.Furthermore,the genetic diversity of this Hunchun population in China was lower than that of the adjoining subpopulation in southwest Primorye Russia,likely due to sampling bias.Considering the small population size and relatively low genetic diversity,it is urgent to protect this endangered local subpopulation in China.

关键词： felid genetic diversity noninvasive genetics Panthera tigris altaica population size

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Conservation metagenomics: a new branch of conservation biology

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2019年第2期62卷 168-178页

作者： Fuwen Wei Qi Wu Yibo Hu Guangping Huang yonggang nie Li Yan CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Multifaceted approaches are required to monitor wildlife populations and improve conservation efforts. In the last decade,increasing evidence suggests that metagenomic analysis offers valuable perspectives and tools for identifying microbial communities and functions. It has become clear that gut microbiome plays a critical role in health, nutrition, and physiology of wildlife, including numerous endangered animals in the wild and in captivity. In this review, we first introduce the human microbiome and metagenomics, highlighting the importance of microbiome for host fitness. Then, for the first time, we propose the concept of conservation metagenomics, an emerging subdiscipline of conservation biology, which aims to understand the roles of the microbiota in evolution and conservation of endangered animals. We define what conservation metagenomics is along with current approaches, main scientific issues and significant implications in the study of host evolution, physiology,nutrition, ecology and conservation. We also discuss future research directions of conservation metagenomics. Although there is still a long way to go, conservation metagenomics has already shown a significant potential for improving the conservation and management of wildlife.

关键词： microbiome conservation biology conservation metagenomics endangered animal

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Distinctive diet-tissue isotopic discrimination factors derived from the exclusive bamboo-eating giant panda

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第6期11卷 447-456页

作者： Han HAN Wei WEI yonggang nie Wenliang ZHOU Yibo HU Qi WU Fuwen WEI Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservational Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina

Stable isotope analysis is very useful in animal ecology,especially in diet reconstruction and trophic studies.Differences in isotope ratios between consumers and their diet,termed discrimination factors,are essential for studies of stable isotope ecology and are species-specific and tissue-specific.Given the specialized bamboo diet and clear foraging behavior,here,we calculated discrimination factors for carbon and nitrogen isotopes from diet to tissues(tooth enamel,hair keratin and bone collagen)for the giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca),a species derived from meat-eating ancestors.Our results showed that carbon discrimination factor obtained from giant panda tooth enamel(ε^(13)C_(diet-enamel)=10.0‰)and nitrogen discrimination factors from hair keratin(Δ^(15)N_(diet-hair)=2.2‰)and bone collagen(Δ^(15)N_(diet-collagen)=2.3‰)were lower,and carbon discrimination factors from hair keratin(Δ^(13)C_(diet-hair)=5.0‰)and bone collagen(Δ13Cdiet-collagen=6.1‰)were higher than those of other mammalian carnivores,omnivores and herbivores.Such distinctive values are likely the result of a low-nutrient and specialized bamboo diet,carnivore-like digestive system and exceptionally low metabolism in giant pandas.

关键词： bone collagen discrimination factor giant panda hair keratin stable isotope

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Seasonal and reproductive variation in chemical constituents of scent signals in wild giant pandas

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2019年第5期62卷 648-660页

作者： Wenliang Zhou yonggang nie Yibo Hu Ronald R.Swaisgood Yaohua Zhang Dingzhen Liu Fuwen Wei Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering College of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Conservation Research San Diego Zoo Global State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Seasonally reproducing animals show many behavioral and physiological changes during the mating period, including increased signaling for intrasexual competition and mate attraction. We collected 102 anogenital gland secretions(AGS) from marking trees in Foping Nature Reserve, and used gas chromatography mass spectrometry to analyze these chemical composition. Of these marks, all but one were from males, confirmed with DNA analysis. We found that several chemical constituents, especially volatile compounds, were present only during the mating season and that the relative abundance of many compounds changed as a function of breeding season, whereas nonvolatile compounds were lower in the mating season. This seasonal variation in chemical composition of AGS most likely plays an important role in governing giant panda reproduction, including mate location, attraction, and male-male competition. The chemical properties of many of these putative chemosignals—such as volatility and longevity—are suggestive of these roles, and undoubtedly contribute to successful reproduction for this species with a characteristically sophisticated chemical communication system. We also found a number of important differences between the chemical constituents of AGS from wild pandas and those found in previous studies with captive pandas, suggesting that inappropriate chemosignal composition may contribute to poor reproductive success in captive breeding programs.

关键词： giant panda chemical communication anogenital gland secretions chemical composition reproduction

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Diet drives convergent evolution of gut microbiomes in bamboo-eating species

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2021年第1期64卷 88-95页

作者： Guangping Huang Xiao Wang Yibo Hu Qi Wu yonggang nie Jiuhong Dong Yun Ding Li Yan Fuwen Wei CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center Beijing100076China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650223China State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

Gut microbiota plays a critical role in host physiology and health.The coevolution between the host and its gut microbes facilitates animal adaptation to its specific ecological niche.Multiple factors such as host diet and phylogeny modulate the structure and function of gut microbiota.However,the relative contribution of each factor in shaping the structure of gut microbiota remains unclear.The giant(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)and red(Ailurus styani)pandas belong to different families of order Carnivora.They have evolved as obligate bamboo-feeders and can be used as a model system for studying the gut microbiome convergent evolution.Here,we compare the structure and function of gut microbiota of the two pandas with their carnivorous relatives using 16S rRNA and metagenome sequencing.We found that both panda species share more similarities in their gut microbiota structure with each other than each species shares with its carnivorous relatives.This indicates that the specialized herbivorous diet rather than host phylogeny is the dominant driver of gut microbiome convergence within Arctoidea.Metagenomic analysis revealed that the symbiotic gut microbiota of both pandas possesses a high level of starch and sucrose metabolism and vitamin B12 biosynthesis.These findings suggest a diet-driven convergence of gut microbiomes and provide new insight into host-microbiota coevolution of these endangered species.

关键词： gut microbiome metagenome convergent evolution starch and sucrose metabolism vitamin B12 giant panda red panda

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Ecological scale and seasonal heterogeneity in the spatial behaviors of giant pandas

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第1期9卷 46-60页

作者： Zejun ZHANG James K.SHEPPARD Ronald R.SWAISGOOD Guan WANG yonggang nie Wei WEI Naxun ZHAO Fuwen WEI Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research EscondidoCaliforniaUSA Institute of Rare Animals and Plants China West Normal UniversityNanchongChina Foping National Nature Reserve FopingChina

We report on the first study to track the spatial behaviors of wild giant pandas(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)using high-resolution global positioning system(GPS)telemetry.Between 2008 and 2009,4 pandas(2 male and 2 fe-male)were tracked in Foping Reserve,China for an average of 305 days(±54.8 SE).Panda home ranges were larger than those of previous very high frequency tracking studies,with a bimodal distribution of space-use and distinct winter and summer centers of activity.Home range sizes were larger in winter than in summer,although there was considerable individual variability.All tracked pandas exhibited individualistic,unoriented and multi-phasic movement paths,with a high level of tortuosity within seasonal core habitats and directed,linear,large-scale movements between habitats.Pandas moved from low elevation winter habitats to high elevation(>2000 m)summer habitats in May,when temperatures averaged 17.5°C(±0.3 SE),and these large-scale movements took<1 month to complete.The peak in panda mean elevation occurred in Jul,after which they began slow,large-scale movements back to winter habitats that were completed in Nov.An adult female panda made 2 long-distance movements during the mating season.Pandas remain close to rivers and streams during winter,possi-bly reflecting the elevated water requirements to digest their high-fiber food.Panda movement path tortuosity and first-passage-time as a function of spatial scale indicated a mean peak in habitat search effort and patch use of approximately 700 m.Despite a high degree of spatial overlap between panda home ranges,particularly in winter,we detected neither avoidance nor attraction behavior between conspecifics.

关键词： behavior GPS habitat use movements panda spatial heterogeneity telemetry

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Wildlife conservation and management in China: achievements,challenges and perspectives

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National Science Review 2021年第7期8卷 26-30页

作者： Guangping Huang Xiaoge Ping Weihua Xu Yibo Hu Jiang Chang Ronald R.Swaisgood Jiang Zhou Xiangjiang Zhan Zejun Zhang yonggang nie Jie Cui Michael Bruford Zhihe Zhang Baoguo Li Li Zhang Zhi Lv Fuwen Wei CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences School of Karst Sciences Guizhou Normal University Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education) China West Normal University Center for Nature and Society College of Life Sciences Peking University

Dramatic global changes to the environment have wrought unprecedented reductions in biodiversity, with>28%species assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN) under the threat of extinction[1].... 详细信息

关键词： BIODIVERSITY SCIENCE

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