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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第9期18卷 2162-2172页

作者： QIU Gan jiang yong-li DENG Yun Department of Food Science and Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University

The drying characteristics,physico-chemical and functional properties,as well as starch digestibility,of purple potato slices dried using different methods(such as,vacuum freeze-drying,VFD;hot-air drying,HAD;air-impingement jet drying,AIJD;and far-infrared assisted heat-pump drying,FIHPD)were *** rate was the highest(3.0 g 100 g^-1 min^-1)using AIJD,followed by FIHPD and HAD,and the rate of VFD was the lowest one(0.3 g 100 g^-1 min^-1).Drying data were fitted to 12 thin-layer drying models,with the Midilli model giving the best ***,AIJD showed higher diffusivity(5.5×10^-10 m^2 s^–1)and energy efficiency(55 J g^-1)than any other drying method used in this *** reference to the samples dried by VFD,the starch granules of the samples obtained by HAD,FIHPD,and AIJD exhibited different extent of disruption,which significantly increased their water absorption capacity,swelling power,and in vitro digestibility,but decreased the peak *** sample resulting from AIJD had the greatest water absorption capacity(7.9 g g^-1)and solubility(21.6%),but the smallest syneresis rate(48%).Good correlation coefficients(R^2>0.98)implied that the pseudofirst order kinetic model adequately described the rate and extent of starch digestion of dried potato *** from AIJD and FIHPD showed the highest digestibility percentages,reaching to 72.4 and 72.5%.Based on the drying rate,specific energy consumption,functional properties and digestibility,AIJD appeared to be quite effective and suitable to be transferred on the industry scale.

关键词： purple potato air-impingement jet drying(AIJD) drying characteristics flour properties starch digestibility

Microwave-assisted regeneration of hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent saturated with nitrophenols

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第4期18卷 765-770页

作者： HAN yong-zhong jiang li-yu CHEN Jin-long ZHANG Quan-xing National Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

Thermal regeneration ofhypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent （HPA） was performed at 67℃. Experiments were carried out using a multimode microwave oven operating at 2450 MHz and a thermostatic water bath so as to compare the effect of the different heating mechanisms on the regeneration efficiency of the HPA saturated with nitrophenols. The temperature rise action of the heterogeneous regeneration system under microwave irradiation was described. Additionally, a complete structure and chemical characterization of the regenerated HPA was also carried out in order to study the influence of the subsequent regeneration cycles on the structure and the adsorption capacities of the adsorbents. Structure characterization of the regenerated HPA was accomplished by means of the analysis of FTIR spectra.

关键词： polymeric adsorbent microwave irradiation adsorption structure

Characteristics of Disorder and Defect in Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Nitride Thin Films Containing Silicon Nanograins

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2006年第B12期19卷 173-178页

作者： DING Wen-ge YU Wei ZHANG jiang-yong HAN li FU Guang-sheng College of Physics Science and Technology Hebei University Baoding 071002 China

The hydrogenated amorphous silicon nitride （SiNx） thin films embedded with nano-structural silicon were prepared and the micro- structures at the interface of silicon nano-grains/SiNx were identified by the optical absorption and Raman scattering measurements. Characterized by the exponential tail of optical absorption and the band-width of the Raman scattering TO mode, the disorder in the interface region increases with the gas flow ratio increasing. Besides, as reflected by the sub-gap absorption coefficients, the density of interface defect states decreases, which can be attributed to the structural mismatch in the interface region and also the changes of hydrogen content in the deposited films. Additional annealing treatment results in a significant increase of defects and degree of disorder, for which the hydrogen out-diffusion in the annealing process would be responsible.

关键词： silicon nanostructures disorder and defect role of hydrogen

Shortening the delivery time of proton therapy by real-time compensation method with raster scanning

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2022年第6期33卷 62-74页

作者： Xiang-Shang Sun yong-jiang li Jun-Ya liu Wen-Tao liao Chao Wu Yue-Hu Pu Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai APACTRON Particle Equipment Co. LtdShanghai 201800China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China Medical Equipment Innovation Research Center West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Among the various scanning techniques, spot and raster scanning are the most frequently adopted. Raster scanning turns off the beam only when each isoenergy slice irradiation is completed. This feature intrinsically solves the leakage dose and frequent beam-switching problems encountered during spot scanning. However, to shorten the delivery time of raster scanning, a sophisticated dose control strategy is required to guarantee dose *** this study, a real-time compensation method with raster scanning for synchrotron systems was designed. It is characterized by a small spot-spacing planning strategy and real-time subtraction of the transient number of particles delivered between two planning-spot positions from the planned number of particles of the subsequent raster *** efficacy of the compensation method was demonstrated by performing accurate raster scanning simulations with an in-house simulation code and accurate final dose evaluations with a commercial treatment planning *** the similar dose evaluation criteria under a practical high scanning speed, compared with the spot scanning method, the total delivery time of the compensated raster scanning method was significantly shortened by 53.3% in the case of irradiating a cubical target and by 28.8% in a pelvic case. Therefore, it can be concluded that real-time compensated raster scanning with a fast scanning configuration can significantly shorten the delivery time compared to that of spot scanning. It is important to reduce the pressure on patients caused by prolonged immobilization and to improve patient throughput capacity at particle therapy centers.

关键词： Proton therapy Raster scanning Delivery time Scanning simulation

Ambient electrocatalytic synthesis of urea by co-reduction of NO_(3)^(-) and CO_(2) over graphene-supported In_(2)O_(3)

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 538-543页

作者： Yini Mao yong jiang Hao liu Yimin jiang Ming li Wei Su Rongxing He Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing(Southwest University) Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Environment Change and Resources Utilization(Nanning Normal University) Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Life ScienceNanning Normal UniversityNanning 530000China

Urea plays a vital role in the sustainable development of mankind as it is one of the most important nitrogen *** synthesis of urea is accompanied by a high level of energy consumption while electrocatalytic methods suffer from low yields and poor *** work achieves efficient synthesis of urea by designing the graphene-In_(2)O_(3)electrocatalysts for the co-activated reduction of nitrate and carbon dioxide,where the formation rate of urea,Faraday efficiency(FE)and carbon selectivity at-0.35 V *** can reach 357.47μg mg^(-1)h^(-1),10.46%and~100%,***,the key intermediates in the C–N coupling reaction are demonstrated to be*NH_(2)and*CO_(2),which is of novelty compared to previous *** work may provide inspiration for subsequent studies on the reaction mechanism of the electrochemical synthesis of urea,as well as theoretical guidance for the sustainable synthesis of some other important chemical substances.

关键词： Graphene-supported In_(2)O_(3) Dispersion effect Efficient C-N coupling Key intermediate Urea

Mechanical Modeling and Analysis of Stability Deterioration of Production Well During Marine Hydrate Depressurization Production

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第2期38卷 338-351页

作者： SUN Huan-zhao CHANG Yuan-jiang SUN Bao-jiang WANG Kang CHEN Guo-ming li Hao DAI yong-guo Centre for Offshore Engineering and Safety Technology China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China jiangsu Shuguang Oil Tools Co. LtdTaizhou 225532China

Different from oil and gas production,hydrate reservoirs are shallow and unconsolidated,whose mechanical properties deteriorate with hydrate ***,the formations will undergo significant subsidence during depressurization,which will destroy the original force state of the production ***,existing research on the stability of oil and gas production wells assumes the formation to be stable,and lacks consideration of the force exerted on the hydrate production well by formation subsidence caused by hydrate decomposition during *** fill this gap,this paper proposes an analytical method for the dynamic evolution of the stability of hydrate production well considering the effects of hydrate *** on the mechanical model of the production well,the basis for stability analysis has been proposed.A multi-field coupling model of the force state of the production well considering the effect of hydrate decomposition and formation subsidence is established,and a solver is *** analytical approach is verified by its good agreement with the results from the numerical method.A case study found that the decomposition of hydrate will increase the pulling-down force and reduce the supporting force,which is the main reason for the stability *** higher the initial hydrate saturation,the larger the reservoir thickness,and the lower the production pressure,the worse the stability or even *** work can provide a theoretical reference for the stability maintaining of the production well.

关键词： natural gas hydrate production well depressurization production formation deformation stability deterioration

Feedback processing in the primate brain and in AI systems

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 2297-2309页

作者： jiang yong HE Sheng Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefei 230088China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The primate brain and artificial intelligence(AI) can both be conceptualized as information processing systems, each with its own distinct biological and computational architectures. While there are parallels between them, their respective structural and functional connections show significant differences. In this paper, we examine the central role of feedback processing in both the primate brain and AI systems, which has been shown to be crucial in shaping neural processing. By reviewing the key features of feedback processes in the primate brain, which allows the brain to incorporate prior knowledge, contextual information, and taskdemands into early-stage processing, we highlight the divergence in goals and functions between biological and AI *** these differences is crucial for elucidating the cognitive capabilities of the primate brain and for addressing computational challenges in AI. In advocating “Cognition-Inspired-Computation”, we suggest that integrating insights from feedback processing in the primate brain into AI research will offer potentially significant improvements for the advancement of AI systems.

关键词： cognitive neuroscience artificial intelligence feedback processing attention learning

The source of lithium in Lakkor Co Salt Lake on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China:evidence from hydrochemical characteristics and boron isotope

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第5期43卷 933-946页

作者： Zheng Yan li Bin Kai li Mao-yong He Xue Qin Wen jiang Di Zhou Department of Geoscience and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyYingzexi StreetTaiyuan 030024Shanxi ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes Qinghai Institute of Salt LakesChinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008QinghaiChina School of Earth Science and Resources Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710000ShaanxiChina Qinghai Normal University Academy of Plateau Science and SustainabilityXining 810016China

The availability of lithium resources is of great significance for the development of modern technologies,as well as for civil and military *** Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a region known for its abundance of lithium-rich salt ***,the specific origin of lithium in these lakes is still unknown,which hinders the advancement of the lithium resource business in this *** research this issue,this study involved the collection of 20 samples from Lakkor Co Salt Lake on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,encompassing samples of surface brine,cold springs,fresh lakes,and recharge *** composition of anions and cations in these samples was ***,the analysis extensivelyutilizedthePiperthree-linediagram,Gibbs model,and ion proportion *** findings of this study indicate that as the moves from the recharge water system to salt lake,there is a transition in water type from strong carbonate to moderate carbonate and weak carbonate,as well as Na *** research based on a similar source of both lithium and boron,utilized ion correlation analysis and boron isotope study in the Lakkor Co area,and analyzed the source and transporting process of *** main origin of lithium in Lakkor Co is the dissolution of lithiumrich rocks,recharge water systems,and deep hydrothermal *** findings are highly significant in enhancing the foundational data of lithium-rich brine resources in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and are beneficial for assessing the future development of such deposits.

关键词： lithium Hydrochemical li-rich Salt lake Boron isotope

Refining the Factors Affecting N_(2)O Emissions from Upland Soils with and without Nitrogen Fertilizer Application at a Global Scale

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第9期41卷 1804-1820页

作者： Wenqian jiang Siqi li yong li Meihui WANG Bo WANG Ji liU Jianlin SHEN Xunhua ZHENG State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China Changsha Research Station for Agricultural&Environmental Monitoring Chinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environment SciencesShanghai 200233China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Qilu ZhongkeJinan 251699China Hubei Province Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Department of Ecohydrology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland FisheriesBerlin 12587Germany Key laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf Ministry of EducationNanning Normal UniversityNanning 530001China Golden Mantis school of Architecture Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)is a long-lived greenhouse gas that mainly originates from agricultural *** and more studies have explored the sources,influencing factors and effective mitigation measures of N_(2)O in recent ***,the hierarchy of factors influencing N_(2)O emissions from agricultural soils at the global scale remains *** this study,we carry out correlation and structural equation modeling analysis on a global N_(2)O emission dataset to explore the hierarchy of influencing factors affecting N_(2)O emissions from the nitrogen(N)and non-N fertilized upland farming systems,in terms of climatic factors,soil properties,and agricultural *** results show that the average N_(2)O emission intensity in the N fertilized soils(17.83 g N ha^(-1)d^(-1))was significantly greater than that in the non-N fertilized soils(5.34 g N ha^(−1) d^(−1))(plimate factors and agricultural practices are the most important influencing factors on N_(2)O emission in non-N and N fertilized upland soils,*** different climatic zones,without fertilizer,the primary influence factors on soil N_(2)O emissions are soil physical properties in subtropical monsoon zone,whereas climatic factors are key in the temperate *** fertilizer,the primary influence factors for subtropical monsoon and temperate continental zones are soil physical properties,while agricultural measures are the main factors in the temperate monsoon *** enhanced agricultural practices,such as reduced N fertilizer rate combined with the addition of nitrification and urease inhibitors can potentially mitigate N_(2)O emissions by more than 60%in upland farming systems.

关键词： N_(2)O emissions influencing factors nitrogen cycling upland farming systems

On the Strong Approximation for a Simple Reentrant line in light Traffic Under First-buffer First-served Service Discipline

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第3期40卷 823-839页

作者： Kai-ming YANG yong-jiang GUO School of Science Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

For a 2-station and 3-class reentrant line under first-buffer first-served(FBFS)service discipline in light traffic,we firstly construct the strong approximations for performance measures including the queue length,workload,busy time and idle time *** on the obtained strong approximations,we use a strong approximation method to find all the law of the iterated logarithms(liLs)for the above four performance measures,which are expressed as some functions of system parameters:means and variances of interarrival and service times,and characterize the fluctuations around their fluid approximations.

关键词： reentrant line queueing network FBFS service discipline strong approximation liL Brownian motion