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A Weakly-Supervised Crowd Density Estimation Method Based on Two-Stage linear Feature Calibration

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 965-981页

作者： yong-chao li Rui-Sheng Jia Ying-Xiang Hu Hong-Mei Sun the College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590 the Faculty of Information Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266000China the College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China the College of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210000China

In a crowd density estimation dataset,the annotation of crowd locations is an extremely laborious task,and they are not taken into the evaluation *** this paper,we aim to reduce the annotation cost of crowd datasets,and propose a crowd density estimation method based on weakly-supervised learning,in the absence of crowd position supervision information,which directly reduces the number of crowds by using the number of pedestrians in the image as the supervised *** this purpose,we design a new training method,which exploits the correlation between global and local image features by incremental learning to train the ***,we design a parent-child network(PC-Net)focusing on the global and local image respectively,and propose a linear feature calibration structure to train the PC-Net simultaneously,and the child network learns feature transfer factors and feature bias weights,and uses the transfer factors and bias weights to linearly feature calibrate the features extracted from the Parent network,to improve the convergence of the network by using local features hidden in the crowd *** addition,we use the pyramid vision transformer as the backbone of the PC-Net to extract crowd features at different levels,and design a global-local feature loss function(L2).We combine it with a crowd counting loss(LC)to enhance the sensitivity of the network to crowd features during the training process,which effectively improves the accuracy of crowd density *** experimental results show that the PC-Net significantly reduces the gap between fullysupervised and weakly-supervised crowd density estimation,and outperforms the comparison methods on five datasets of Shanghai Tech Part A,ShanghaiTech Part B,UCF_CC_50,UCF_QNRF and JHU-CROWD++.

关键词： Crowd density estimation linear feature calibration vision transformer weakly-supervision learning

Application of a new anatomic hook-rod-pedicle screw system in young patients with lumbar spondylolysis:A pilot study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第17期10卷 5680-5689页

作者： Duan-Ming li yong-chao li Wei Jiang Bao-Gan Peng Department of Orthopaedics The Third Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China Department of Anesthesiology The Third Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China

BACKGROUND The pedicle screw-laminar hook system has strong fixation and is conducive to bone graft fusion for lumbar ***,the current pedicle screwlaminar hook fixation system is not specifically designed for lumbar *** To investigate the clinical effects of a new anatomical hook-rod-pedicle screw system in the treatment of lumbar spondylolysis in young *** We designed a new anatomic hook-rod-pedicle screw system for young patients with lumbar *** isthmus and the corresponding pedicle screw entry point were exposed through the intermuscular *** iliac bone graft was obtained to bridge the isthmus defect,and then the anatomic hook-rod-pedicle screw system was used to fix the isthmus in 15 young *** At 24 mo follow-up,the visual analogue scale score of low back pain decreased from 6.73±0.88 to 0.73±0.59,and the Oswestry disability index score decreased from 58.20±8.99 to 7.87±*** tomography showed bilateral isthmic bone healing in 14 cases and unilateral isthmic bone healing in 1 *** resonance imaging showed that the lumbar disc signal of diseased segment and adjacent segments had no change compared with that before *** pain visual analogue scale score of the donor site was 0.20±0.41 at the last *** to the Modified Macnab score,the excellent and good rate was 100%.CONCLUSION The application of this new anatomical hook-rod-pedicle screw system to treat young patients with lumbar spondylolysis has the advantages of less trauma,a simple operation and satisfactory clinical effects.

关键词： Lumbar spondylolysis Hook-rod-pedicle screw system Internal fixation Bone healing

Application of molybdenum target X-ray photography in imaging analysis of caudal intervertebral disc degeneration in rats

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第16期8卷 3431-3439页

作者： Qi-Hang Su Yan Zhang Bin Shen yong-chao li Jun Tan Department of Orthopedics Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200120China

BACKGROUND Conventional plain X-ray images of rats,the most common animals used as degeneration models,exhibit unclear vertebral structure and blurry intervertebral disc spaces due to their small size,slender vertebral *** To apply molybdenum target X-ray photography in the evaluation of caudal intervertebral disc(IVD)degeneration in rat *** Two types of rat caudal IVD degeneration models(needle-punctured model and endplate-destructed model)were established,and their effectiveness was verified using nuclear magnetic resonance *** target inspection and routine plain X-ray were then performed on these ***,four observers were assigned to measure the intervertebral height of degenerated segments on molybdenum target plain X-ray images and routine plain X-ray images,*** degeneration was evaluated and statistical analysis was subsequently *** Nine rats in the needle-punctured model and 10 rats in the endplate-destructed model were *** with routine plain X-ray images,molybdenum target plain X-ray images showed higher clarity,stronger contrast,as well as clearer and more accurate structural *** McNemar test confirmed that the difference was statistically significant(P=0.031).In the two models,the reliability of the intervertebral height measured by the four observers on routine plain X-ray images was poor(ICC<0.4),while the data obtained from the molybdenum target plain X-ray images were more *** target inspection can obtain clearer images and display fine calcification in the imaging evaluation of caudal IVD degeneration in rats,thus ensuring a more accurate evaluation of degeneration.

关键词： Molybdenum target inspection Routine plain X-ray Intervertebral disc degeneration model Animal experiment Imaging analysis McNemar test

Assessment of load-sharing thoracolumbar injury: A modified scoring system

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第21期8卷 5128-5138页

作者： Qi-Hang Su yong-chao li Yan Zhang Jun Tan Biao Cheng Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Tenth People's HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072China Department of Orthopedics Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200120China

BACKGROUND Many classification systems of thoracolumbar spinal fractures have been proposed to enhance treatment protocols,but none have achieved universal *** To develop a new patient scoring system for cases with thoracolumbar injury classification and severity score(TliCS)=4,namely the load-sharing thoracolumbar injury score(LSTliS).METHODS Based on thoracolumbar injury classification and severity score,this study proposes the use of the established load-sharing classification(LSC)to develop an improved classification system(LSTliS).To prove the reliability and reproducibility of LSTliS,a retrospective analysis for patients with thoracolumbar vertebral fractures has been *** A total of 102 cases were enrolled in the *** scoring trend of LSTliS is roughly similar as the LSC scoring,however,the average deviation based on the former method is relatively smaller than that of the ***,the robustness of the LSTliS scoring method is better than that of *** can further classify patients with TliCS=4,so as to assess more accurately this particular circumstance,and the majority of LSTliS recommendations are consistent with actual clinical *** is a scoring system that combines LSC and TliCS to compensate for the lack of appropriate inclusion of anterior and middle column compression fractures with *** preliminary clinical verification,LSTliS has greater feasibility and reliability value,is more practical in comprehensively assessing certain clinical circumstances,and has better accuracy with clinically significant guidelines.

关键词： Retrospective analysis Thoracolumbar fractures Load-sharing classification Thoracolumbar injury classification and severity score Scoring system Clinical protocols

Treatment of Kümmell’s disease with sequential infusion of bone cement:A retrospective study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第23期8卷 5887-5893页

作者： Xing Zhang yong-chao li Hong-Peng liu Bing Zhou Hui-lin Yang Department of Orthopaedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Orthopaedics Gaoyou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Soochow UniversityYangzhou 225600Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Spinal Surgery Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200120China

BACKGROUND Percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)is an effective method for the treatment of neurologically intact Kümmell’s disease,but bone cement leakage during surgery is a problem that deserves *** To reduce bone cement leakage and evaluate the effect of the sequential infusion of bone cement during PVP for the treatment of stage I or II Kümmell’s *** Patients with Kümmell’s disease treated in our hospital from September 2015 to September 2018 were retrospectively *** meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into two groups:Traditional single infusion and sequential infusion(SI).The visual analog scale(VAS)and Oswestry disability index(ODI)were evaluated and compared,and duration of operation,bone cement content and complications were *** Forty-five patients were included in this study;there were 24 in the traditional single infusion group and 21 in the SI *** VAS and ODI were significantly different for both groups when compared pre-and postoperatively,whereas the differences between 1 wk postoperatively and at the final follow-up were not *** the VAS and ODI of the two groups were compared,there were no significant differences at any time *** leakage rate of bone cement was significantly lower in the SI group(14.3%,3 of 21)than that in the traditional single infusion group(41.7%,10 of 24).CONCLUSION SI in unipedicular PVP is a safe and effective procedure for neurologically intact Kümmell’s disease,and this technique could decrease the incidence of bone cement leakage.

关键词： Kümmell’s Disease Percutaneous vertebroplasty Bone cement leakage Back pain Osteoporosis Intravertebral vacuum cleft

Lumbar disc rehydration in the bridged segment using the BioFlex dynamic stabilization system: A case report and literature review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第10期8卷 1958-1965页

作者： yong-chao li Xiao-Fei Feng Xiao-Dong Pang Jun Tan Bao-Gan Peng Department of Spinal Surgery The Third Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China Department of Spinal Surgery Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200120China Department of Orthopedics Pinghu Second People’s HospitalPinghu 314201Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND In recent years,the mechanical concept of intervertebral disc regeneration has become more and more popular due to the increasing awareness of the importance of preservation of spine ***,there is increasing evidence,however,that dynamic stabilization systems may compensate nonphysiological loads,limit pathological movement,normalize disc height and intradiscal pressure,and provide an adaptive environment for disc *** SUMMARY The patient was a 54-year-old man,who presented with a 10-year history of mechanical back pain,which had become progressively serious and radiated into the left lower limb with numbness 3 mo *** had decreased muscle strength(class IV)of the left dorsal extensor and plantar *** resonance imaging scans showed L3-S1 disc degeneration and L4-L5 disc *** the patient did not respond to various conservative treatments,he underwent a posterior L4-5 discectomy with fixation of the BioFlex dynamic stabilization system(Bio-Spine,Seoul,Korea).Preoperative symptoms were relieved and lumbar function was markedly improved after the operation.L4-L5 disc rehydration of instrumented segment was noted on magnetic resonance imaging at the 2-year *** Rehydration of the degenerated disc in our patient indicates that the BioFlex dynamic stabilization system may promote disc *** research is needed to provide more evidence to support lumbar disc rehydration in the bridged segment using this system.

关键词： Disc regeneration Dynamic stabilization system Degenerative disc disease Magnetic resonance imaging BioFlex Case report

A Review on Thermal Management of li-ion Battery:from Small-Scale Battery Module to Large-Scale Electrochemical Energy Storage Power Station

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 1-23页

作者： CHEN Zhifeng JIA li YIN liaofei DANG chao REN Honglei ZHANG Zhiqiang Beijing Key Laboratory of Flow and Heat Transfer of Phase Changing in Micro and Small Scale School of MechanicalElectronic and Control EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

li-ion battery is an essential component and energy storage unit for the evolution of electric vehicles and energy storage technology in the ***,in order to cope with the temperature sensitivity of li-ion battery and maintain li-ion battery safe operation,it is of great necessary to adopt an appropriate battery thermal management system(BTMS).In this paper,the current main BTM strategies and research hotspots were discussed from two aspects:small-scale battery module and large-scale electrochemical energy storage power station(EESPS).The practical application situation,advantages and disadvantages,and the future development trend of each heat dissipation method(air,liquid,PCM,heat pipe,hybrid cooling)were described in *** them,the air cooling and liquid cooling were reviewed in-depth based on the engineering *** PCM,heat pipe and hybrid cooling were reviewed extensively based on the latest *** research provides a comprehensive understanding for the BTMS in all scales.

关键词： battery thermal management cooling methods small-scale battery module large-scale electrochemical energy storage power station

Choice and management of negative pressure drainage in anterior cervical surgery

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第11期8卷 2201-2209页

作者： Qi-Hang Su Kai Zhu yong-chao li Tao Chen Yan Zhang Jun Tan Song Guo Department of Orthopedics Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200120China Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Tongji HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China

BACKGROUND Postoperative unobstructed drainage is an important measure for avoiding hematoma formation and preventing complications from anterior cervical *** To discuss the characteristics and key points of clinical management of two types of commonly used negative pressure drainage systems in clinical *** Two types of commonly used silica gel negative pressure drainage balls and a type of gastrointestinal decompression apparatus were fully emptied and then injected with different amounts of water and *** this,the negative pressure values of the three devices were ***,we undertook a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 1328 patients who had been treated with different negative pressure drainage apparatuses during their anterior cervical surgery in our department between January 2007 and January *** As the amount of injected air or water increased,the negative pressure of the silica gel negative pressure drainage ball decreased rapidly,dropping to zero when 150 mL of water or air was *** contrast,the negative pressure of gastrointestinal decompression apparatus decreased slowly,maintaining an ideal value even when 300 mL of water or air was *** statistical analysis demonstrated that patients who had been treated with the gastrointestinal decompression apparatus were less likely to develop severe complications than those who had been treated with the silica gel negative pressure drainage ball(P<0.05).CONCLUSION This study showed that the gastrointestinal decompression apparatus has the advantages of large suction capacity,long duration of continuous negative pressure,and good drainage effect,all of which are the favorable factors for the use of this apparatus for negative pressure drainage in anterior cervical surgery.

关键词： Spine Anterior cervical surgery Negative pressure Drainage Gastrointestinal decompression apparatus Silica gel negative pressure drainage ball

Deciphering environmental factors influencing phytoplankton community structure in a polluted urban river

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 375-386页

作者： Xiaxia li Kai Chen chao Wang Tianyu Zhuo Hongtao li yong Wu Xiaohui Lei Ming li Bin Chen Beibei Chai School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038China Collaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Regulation and Comprehensive Management of Water Resources School of Water Conservancy and HydroelectricHebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038China Hebei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Water Conservancy Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038China Tianjin Water Group Binhai Water Co. Ltd.Tianjin 300308China State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchBeijing 100038China School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 610059China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Tuojiang River Basin is a first-class tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River—which is the longest river in *** phytoplankton are sensitive indicators of trophic changes inwater bodies,characterizing phytoplankton communities and their growth influencing factors in polluted urban rivers can provide new ideas for pollution ***,we used direct microscopic count and environmental DNA(eDNA)metabarcoding methods to investigate phytoplankton community structure in Tuojiang River Basin(Chengdu,Sichuan Province,China).The association between phytoplankton community structure and water environmental factors was evaluated by Mantel *** environmental monitoring data were used to pinpoint major factors that influenced phytoplankton growth based on structural equation *** the phylum level,the dominant phytoplankton taxa identified by the conventional microscopic method mainly belonged to Bacillariophyta,Chlorophyta,and Cyanophyta,in contrast with Chlorophyta,Dinophyceae,and Bacillariophyta identified by eDNA ***α-diversity analysis,eDNA metabarcoding detected greater species diversity and achieved higher precision than the microscopic *** growth was largely limited by phosphorus based on the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratios>16:1 in all water *** analysis and structural equation modeling also confirmed that the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio was the principal factor influencing phytoplankton *** results could be useful for implementing comprehensive management of the river basin *** is recommended to control the discharge of point-and surface-source pollutants and the concentration of dissolved oxygen in areas with excessive nutrients(e.g.,Jianyang-Ziyang).Algae monitoring techniques and removal strategies should be improved in 201 Hospital,Hongrihe Bridge and Colmar Town areas.

关键词： Environmental DNA Microscopic count Phytoplankton growth Structural equation modeling Tuojiang River Basin