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On-chip spiking neural networks based on add-drop ring microresonators and electrically reconfigurable phase-change material photonic switches

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 755-766页

作者： QIANG ZHANG NING JIANG yiqun ZHANG ANRAN LI HUANHUAN XIONG GANG HU YONGSHENG CAO KUN QIU School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

We propose and numerically demonstrate a photonic computing primitive designed for integrated spiking neural networks (SNNs) based on add-drop ring microresonators (ADRMRs) and electrically reconfigurable phasechange material (PCM) photonic switches. In this neuromorphic system, the passive silicon-based ADRMR,equipped with a power-tunable auxiliary light, effectively demonstrates nonlinearity-induced dual neural dynamics encompassing spiking response and synaptic plasticity that can generate single-wavelength optical neural spikes with synaptic weight. By cascading these ADRMRs with different resonant wavelengths, weighted multiple-wavelength spikes can be feasibly output from the ADRMR-based hardware arrays when external wavelengthaddressable optical pulses are injected;subsequently, the cumulative power of these weighted output spikes is utilized to ascertain the activation status of the reconfigurable PCM photonic switches. Moreover, the reconfigurable mechanism driving the interconversion of the PCMs between the resonant-bonded crystalline states and the covalent-bonded amorphous states is achieved through precise thermal modulation. Drawing from the thermal properties, an innovative thermodynamic leaky integrate-and-firing (TLIF) neuron system is proposed. With the TLIF neuron system as the fundamental unit, a fully connected SNN is constructed to complete a classic deep learning task:the recognition of handwritten digit patterns. The simulation results reveal that the exemplary SNN can effectively recognize 10 numbers directly in the optical domain by employing the surrogate gradient algorithm. The theoretical verification of our architecture paves a whole new path for integrated photonic SNNs, with the potential to advance the field of neuromorphic photonic systems and enable more efficient spiking information processing.

关键词： neural networks precise

Concise Synthesis of Lactococcus garvieae Lipoteichoic Acids Through an Additive-Modulated Preactivation Protocol and the Immunological Studies

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第2期6卷 403-414页

作者： Tianlu Li Tong Li Yue Yang Haoru Zhuang Jianwu Lv Ning Zhou Miaomiao Zhang Fengshan Wang yiqun Geng Richard R.Schmidt Peng Peng National Glycoengineering Research Center Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and GlycobiologyNMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate Based MedicineShandong UniversityQingdao 266237 State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050 Department of Chemistry University of KonstanzD-78457 Konstanz

Lipoteichoic acids(LTAs)are macroamphiphiles composed of alditol,lipid,phosphate,and carbohydrate *** to their inherent complexity,it is a severe challenge to access LTAs with structural integrity from natural sources for biological or immunological ***,we describe the first total synthesis of Lactococcus garvieae LTA(type II LTA),containing five distinct 1,2-cis gluco/galactopyranosidic linkages,via a novel additive-modulated O-glycosyl trichloroacetimidate preactivation glycosidation *** strategy features(1)high glycosidation yields and excellent 1,2-cis stereoselectivities independent of the donor anomeric configuration,(2)common and inexpensive reagents as promoters and additives,(3)application to standard glycosyl imidate donors without resorting to participating protection,and(4)general application to reactive and less reactive glycosyl ***,via the precise stereocontrolled construction of three galactopyranosidic and two glucopyranosidic bonds on a multigram scale,a series of structurally well-defined LTA molecules were successfully *** evaluation of these type II synthetic LTAs showed a structure–activity relationship in the stimulation of a proinflammatory response.

关键词： 1,2-cis glycosidation stereoselectivity lipoteichoic acid total synthesis additive-modulated trichloroacetimidate glycosidation immune response

基于满足多边界条件基函数的微分求积法及其应用

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东南大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第1期54卷 149-155页

作者：汤轶群李振岳东南大学土木工程学院南京211189

提出了一种由基函数来处理梁边界条件的改进微分求积法(MDQM).在构造挠度函数时,通过多次积分来满足梁的所有边界条件,进而利用此函数计算微分求积法中的加权系数矩阵,解决了通过多项式测试函数计算该系数矩阵时难以在同一个点运用多个... 详细信息

提出了一种由基函数来处理梁边界条件的改进微分求积法(MDQM).在构造挠度函数时,通过多次积分来满足梁的所有边界条件,进而利用此函数计算微分求积法中的加权系数矩阵,解决了通过多项式测试函数计算该系数矩阵时难以在同一个点运用多个边界条件的问题.为了研究该方法在梁的各类分析中的应用,首先构造了2类梁在各种边界条件下对应的挠度基函数,再根据Euler-Bernoulli梁振动理论和稳定性理论,基于微分求积法将计算梁的固有频率问题和临界荷载问题转化为求解矩阵特征值的问题,并将结果与精确解进行比较.此外,还根据理想弹塑性梁的平面弯曲理论,利用该方法计算了梁在各种边界条件下的弹塑性位移,并将结果与其他方法对比.结果表明,所提方法对于梁的稳定性分析、固有频率分析及弹塑性分析都具有较高的计算效率和精度.

关键词：微分求积法 Euler-Bernoulli梁固有频率临界屈曲荷载弹塑性

The chromosome-scale assembly of the Notopterygium incisum genome provides insight into the structural diversity of coumarins

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3760-3773页

作者： Qien Li yiqun Dai Xin-Cheng Huang Lanlan Sun Kaixuan Wang Xiao Guo Dingqiao Xu Digao Wan Latai An Zixuan Wang Huanying Tang Qi Qi Huihui Zeng Minjian Qin Jia-Yu Xue Yucheng Zhao Tibetan Medicine Research Center of Qinghai University Tibetan Medical CollegeQinghai UniversityXining 810016China School of Pharmacy Bengbu Medical UniversityBengbu 233030China Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines School of Traditional Chinese PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China College of Horticulture Bioinformatics CenterAcademy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXi’an 712046China

Coumarins,derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway,represent one of the primary metabolites found in *** alignment of the tetrahydropyran(THP)and tetrahydrofuran(THF)rings with the lactone structure results in the formation of at least four types of complex ***,the mechanisms underlying the structural diversity of coumarin remain poorly ***,we report the chromosome-level genome assembly of Notopterygium incisum,spanning 1.64 Gb,with a contig N50 value of 22.7 Mb and 60,021 annotated protein-coding ***,we identified the key enzymes responsible for shaping the structural diversity of coumarins,including two p-coumaroyl CoA 2′-hydroxylases crucial for simple coumarins basic skeleton architecture,two UbiA prenyltransferases responsible for angular or linear coumarins biosynthesis,and five CYP736 cyclases involved in THP and THF ring ***,two bifunctional enzymes capable of catalyzing both demethylsuberosin and osthenol were identified for the first *** analysis implies that tandem and ectopic duplications of the CYP736 subfamily,specifically arising in the Apiaceae,contributed to the structural diversity of coumarins in ***,this study proposes a parallel evolution scenario for the complex coumarin biosynthetic pathway among different angiosperms and provides essential synthetic biology elements for the heterologous industrial production of coumarins.

关键词： Notopterygium incisum Parallel evolution Biosynthesis Pyranocoumarins Furanocoumarins

A transcriptional cascade involving BBX22 and HY5 finely regulates both plant height and fruit pigmentation in citrus

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第8期66卷 1752-1768页

作者： Jialing Fu Li Liao Jiajing Jin Zhihao Lu Juan Sun Lizhi Song Yue Huang Shengjun Liu Ding Huang Yuantao Xu Jiaxian He Bin Hu yiqun Zhu Fangfang Wu Xia Wang Xiuxin Deng Qiang Xu National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070P.R.China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan 430070P.R.China Science and Technology Innovation Research Center of Majia Pomelo Shangrao 334000China

Dwarfing is a pivotal agronomic trait affecting both yield and *** species exhibit substantial variation in plant height,among which internode length is a core ***,the molecular mechanism governing internode elongation remains ***,we unveiled that the transcriptional cascade consisting of B-BOX DOMAIN PROTEIN 22(BBX22)and ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5)finely tunes plant height and internode elongation in ***-of-function mutations of BBX22 in an early-flowering citrus(Citrus hindsii“SJG”)promoted internode elongation and reduced pigment accumulation,whereas ectopic expression of BBX22 in SJG,sweet orange(***),pomelo(***)or heterologous expression of BBX22 in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)significantly decreased internode ***,exogenous application of gibberellin A3(GA3)rescued the shortened internode and dwarf phenotype caused by *** experiments revealed that BBX22 played a dual role in regulation internode elongation and pigmentation in *** the one hand,it directly bound to and activated the expression of HY5,GA metabolism gene(GA2 OXIDASE 8,GA2ox8),carotenoid biosynthesis gene(PHYTOENE SYNTHASE 1,PSY1)and anthocyanin regulatory gene(Ruby1,a MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN).On the other hand,it acted as a cofactor of HY5,enhancing the ability of HY5 to regulate target genes ***,our results reveal the critical role of the transcriptional cascade consisting of BBX22 and HY5 in controlling internode elongation and pigment accumulation in *** the crosstalk regulatory mechanism between internode elongation and fruit pigmentation provides key genes for breeding of novel types with both dwarf and health-beneficial fortification in citrus.

关键词： anthocyanins BBX22 carotenoids citrus HY5 internode elongation plant height

长湖地下水排泄及其携带营养盐通量的季节性变化

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地质科技通报 2024年第5期43卷 206-215页

作者：吴婧甘义群杜尧孙晓梁韩鹏中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院武汉430078

为揭示地下水对湖泊水量和营养盐平衡的贡献及季节性变化,以长江中游的长湖为研究对象,通过丰、枯水期野外采样,结合电导率(EC)、稳定同位素(~2H和^(18)O)、水化学元素(Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+))和氡(^(222)Rn)同位素对湖底地下水排泄(lacustri... 详细信息

为揭示地下水对湖泊水量和营养盐平衡的贡献及季节性变化,以长江中游的长湖为研究对象,通过丰、枯水期野外采样,结合电导率(EC)、稳定同位素(~2H和^(18)O)、水化学元素(Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+))和氡(^(222)Rn)同位素对湖底地下水排泄(lacustrine groundwater discharge,简称LGD)进行了多手段示踪,并基于^(222)Rn质量平衡模型量化了不同季节的LGD及其携带的营养盐通量。结果显示:丰、枯水期LGD速率分别为64.52 mm/d和14.95 mm/d,丰水期显著大于枯水期;丰、枯水期地下水携带的总氮(TN)输入通量分别为25.68×10^(6) g/d和5.58×10^(6) g/d,总磷(TP)输入通量分别8.14×10^(6) g/d和0.17×10^(6) g/d。丰、枯水期LGD强度的差异导致了地下水携带TN、TP输入的差异,丰水期TP的输入量还受该时期农业活动的影响;丰水期较强的降水和蒸发驱动了更大的LGD强度及其携带的TN、TP通量。本研究可为长湖区域水资源管理和水生态保护提供重要理论依据。

关键词：湖泊地下水排泄氡质量平衡模型氮磷营养盐通量季节性变化

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青山唢呐民间乐语“趔调”释义

中央音乐学院学报 2024年第3期 152-164页

作者：刘亦群深圳职业技术大学职业教育学院

中国传统音乐中的民间乐语是音乐持有者言说音乐的自我表述符号,它具有强烈的地域文化属性。借用西方音乐理论去分析和阐释,往往难以贴切地解读民间乐语的真正内涵。“趔调”是湖南传统乐种“青山唢呐”中的常用乐语,它与西方作曲理论... 详细信息

中国传统音乐中的民间乐语是音乐持有者言说音乐的自我表述符号,它具有强烈的地域文化属性。借用西方音乐理论去分析和阐释,往往难以贴切地解读民间乐语的真正内涵。“趔调”是湖南传统乐种“青山唢呐”中的常用乐语,它与西方作曲理论的“模进”以及辽宁鼓乐的“五调朝元”既有一定相似性,同时又具有自身鲜明的特点。论文运用中国传统乐学理论阐释“趔调”的音乐形态特点,将其置于所处的文化语境中分析其背后的文化内涵,并探讨由此映射出的当地民间艺人的音乐创作思维及审美取向,旨在为乐种学的理论建设起到推动作用。

关键词：青山唢呐民间乐语趔调文化语境创作思维

基于鲁棒稀疏宽度学习系统的短期风电功率预测

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太阳能学报 2024年第5期45卷 32-43页

作者：康逸群刘厦雷兢中国电力科学研究院有限公司北京100192 华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院北京102206

为改善预测质量,提出一种基于鲁棒稀疏宽度学习系统(RSBLS)的预测方法。基于正则法将模型训练转化为一个difference-of-convex functions优化问题,利用L1范数作为数据忠诚项以提高估计的鲁棒性,将L1-2范数集成到目标函数中确保输出权的... 详细信息

为改善预测质量,提出一种基于鲁棒稀疏宽度学习系统(RSBLS)的预测方法。基于正则法将模型训练转化为一个difference-of-convex functions优化问题,利用L1范数作为数据忠诚项以提高估计的鲁棒性,将L1-2范数集成到目标函数中确保输出权的稀疏性以提升模型性能,并提出一种融合half-quadratic splitting算法优势的数值方法有效求解该训练模型。基于绝对误差、相对误差、平均绝对误差、均方根误差、平均绝对百分误差、算法稳定性、预测误差改进百分比、灰色关联分析和DM检验等准则进行实验分析,结果表明新算法的预测质量优于流行的预测算法,并具有较好的鲁棒性,为风功率预测提出一种可行的新方法。

关键词：风功率预测宽度学习系统正则化稀疏性优化

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膜法分离一/二价阳离子的研究进展

化工进展 2024年第3期43卷 1363-1373页

作者：赵国珂张杨刘轶群中石化(北京)化工研究院有限公司北京100013

各类工业过程如水质软化、食用盐纯化、盐湖卤水提锂、酸和重金属资源回收等对一/二价阳离子高效分离的需求日益增长,近年来,针对上述分离体系的膜材料的研究取得了诸多进展。本文详细总结了针对一/二价阳离子分离的选择性阳离子交换膜... 详细信息

各类工业过程如水质软化、食用盐纯化、盐湖卤水提锂、酸和重金属资源回收等对一/二价阳离子高效分离的需求日益增长,近年来,针对上述分离体系的膜材料的研究取得了诸多进展。本文详细总结了针对一/二价阳离子分离的选择性阳离子交换膜、纳滤膜、支撑液膜和离子印迹膜的研究进展,重点梳理了相关膜材料的离子选择性优化思路和机理,对比分析了上述膜过程的特点和适用场景。基于此,作者认为,离子筛分精细化是膜分离技术的重要发展方向。在分子尺度明晰分离层的形成和演化机理,对于提高界面聚合反应可控度,实现在亚纳米尺度膜结构的精细调控至关重要。通过在膜基体内可控构建目标离子的特异性识别位点和传质通道,有望实现高选择性离子筛分。此外,具有本征规则孔道结构的新型分离膜材料,如MOFs、COFs、二维层状结构膜等,在精细筛分方面具有良好的发展潜力。

关键词：阳离子交换膜纳滤膜液膜离子印迹膜一/二价阳离子分离