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河西走廊杂木河流域水文过程对气候和土地利用变化的响应

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冰川冻土 2024年第3期46卷 967-979页

作者：夏鸿华杨林山冯起苏迎庆李宗省中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室甘肃兰州730000 中国科学院大学北京100049

气候与土地利用/覆被变化是驱动全球水文过程变化的重要因素,开展流域水文过程对气候和土地利用变化的响应研究对揭示区域水文及环境变化具有重要指示意义。本文以河西走廊杂木河流域为研究区,基于多源遥感影像、水文气象站点监测及再... 详细信息

气候与土地利用/覆被变化是驱动全球水文过程变化的重要因素,开展流域水文过程对气候和土地利用变化的响应研究对揭示区域水文及环境变化具有重要指示意义。本文以河西走廊杂木河流域为研究区,基于多源遥感影像、水文气象站点监测及再分析产品数据,采用SWAT模型、Mann-Kendall(M-K)趋势检验及土地利用动态度等方法,通过分离水文过程驱动因素,设置基准期、气候变化单一作用、土地利用变化单一作用、气候和土地利用变化共同作用等情景,比较分析了杂木河流域水文过程对气候与土地利用变化的响应特征及驱动机制。结果表明,1980—2014年,流域年降水、年平均气温、年径流均有所增加,增加速率依次为0.47 mm·a^(-1)、0.067℃·a^(-1)、1.43 mm·a^(-1)。流域土地利用分布格局呈现空间异质性,主要土地利用类型为草地、林地及未利用土地。综合土地利用动态度为2.91%,单一土地利用动态度最高的为建设用地。土地利用变化单一作用情景下流域径流减少0.12 mm,气候变化单一作用情景、气候和土地利用变化共同作用情景下径流量分别增加6.27 mm、6.15 mm;各情景下蒸散发均有增加。气候变化对流域径流与蒸散发起主要驱动作用。未来应加强流域气候变化适应性的水资源管理,促进流域水资源的上中下游合理配置。

关键词：气候变化土地利用/覆被变化 SWAT模型水文过程杂木河流域

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汾河流域传统村落区域保护与发展耦合协调研究

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地域研究与开发 2024年第1期43卷 133-139页

作者：张子涵孙舔轲侯小萌苏迎庆曲子涵牛俊杰太原师范学院汾河流域科学发展研究中心山西晋中030619 太原师范学院历史地理与环境变迁研究所山西晋中030619 山东省鲁域区域地理研究中心济南250000 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院兰州730000 中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室兰州730000 武汉大学城市设计学院武汉430072

以汾河流域为研究区,选取145个传统村落的相关社会经济、自然生态等数据,运用格网化、耦合协调模型、重力模型、主成分分析、地理加权回归和空间聚类方法,对汾河流域传统村落区域保护与发展水平耦合协调特征及驱动机制进行分析。结果表... 详细信息

以汾河流域为研究区,选取145个传统村落的相关社会经济、自然生态等数据,运用格网化、耦合协调模型、重力模型、主成分分析、地理加权回归和空间聚类方法,对汾河流域传统村落区域保护与发展水平耦合协调特征及驱动机制进行分析。结果表明:(1)汾河流域传统村落区域保护及发展水平整体较均衡,两个重心均在汾河中游。(2)传统村落区域保护与发展水平耦合状况全流域整体为拮抗和低耦合,协调状况近90%区域为失调,上游协调情况远低于全流域平均,中游出现低值区包围高值区与中值区的现象,呈现以河道为轴的复杂层级特征。(3)区域的总体经济能力、非农经济能力、政策倾斜程度和资源禀赋是汾河流域传统村落保护与发展协调现状的主要影响因素。(4)协调发展视域下确定汾河流域传统村落“一极、一带、五区”的空间发展格局,其中“一极”为平遥县示范区,“一带”为汾河西侧发展带,“五区”为城镇转型区、经济优先区、综合保护区、资源开发区和政策扶持区。

关键词：传统村落区域保护与发展耦合协调空间发展格局汾河流域

Compounding effects of human activities and climatic changes on coexistence of oasis-desert ecosystems:Prioritizing resilient decision-making for a riskier world

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2023年第5期15卷 219-229页

作者： XinWei Yin Wei Liu Meng Zhu JuTao Zhang Qi Feng HaiYang Xi LinShan Yang Tuo Han WenJu Cheng yingqing su BaiTing Zhang YuanYuan Xue ZeXia Chen LingGe Wang Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Geography and Environment Science Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhouGansu 730070China

Water-salt balance is critical for the stable coexistence of salt-affected and groundwater-fed oasis-desert ecosystems. Yet, a comprehensive investigation of how soil salinization and groundwater degradation threaten the coexistence of oasis-desert ecosystems is still scarce, especially under the compounding effects of human activities and climatic changes. Here, we assessed the impacts of irrigated agriculture on hydrological regimes in oasisdesert systems, investigated the spatio-temporal variations of soil salinization in irrigated cropland, and evaluated the implications of the interplays of soil salinization and groundwater degradation on the coexistence of oasis-desert ecosystems in northwestern China, based on meaningful modelling approaches and comprehensive measurements over 1995–2020. The results showed that the irrigation return flow coefficient decreased sharply from 0.21 ± 0.09 in the traditional irrigation period to 0.09 ± 0.01 in the water-saving irrigation period. The continuous drop in groundwater tables and significant degradation of groundwater quality are occurring throughout this watershed. The eco-environmental flows are reaching to their limit with watershed closures(i.e.,the drainage from the oasis region into the desert region is being weakened or even eliminated), although these progressions were largely hidden by regional precipitation and streamflow variability. The process of salt migration and accumulation across different landscapes in oasis-desert system is being reshaped, and soil salinization in water-saving agricultural irrigated lands is accelerating with a regional average annual growth rate of18%. The vegetation in this watershed is degrading, and anthropogenic disturbance accelerates this trend. Our results highlight that environmental stress adaptation strategies must account for resilience maintenance to avoid accelerating catastrophic transitions in oasis-desert ecosystems. Determining the optimal oasis scales and formulatin

关键词： Oasis-desert ecosystems Hydrological regimes Soil salinization Vegetation dynamics Resilient decision-making

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汾河流域土地利用变化及生态环境效应

干旱区研究 2022年第3期39卷 968-977页

作者：苏迎庆张恩月刘源刘庚林菲太原师范学院汾河流域科学发展研究中心山西晋中030619 太原师范学院地理科学学院山西晋中030619 山西农业大学资源环境学院山西晋中030800

选取汾河流域为研究区,采用土地利用动态度、地学信息图谱、生态价值指数和植被覆盖度综合分析研究区2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年及2018年土地利用变化及生态环境影响效应问题。结果表明:(1)2000—2018年,流域建设用地、林地呈现增... 详细信息

选取汾河流域为研究区,采用土地利用动态度、地学信息图谱、生态价值指数和植被覆盖度综合分析研究区2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年及2018年土地利用变化及生态环境影响效应问题。结果表明:(1)2000—2018年,流域建设用地、林地呈现增长趋势,增长面积分别为1350.90 km^(2)、85.50 km^(2),增长率分别为92.83%、0.96%;耕地、草地出现小幅下降趋势,缩减面积分别为729 km^(2)、674.10 km^(2),缩减率分别为-5.02%、-7.63%;水域及未利用土地维持多年平均水平,平均面积为297 km^(2)、7.92 km^(2)。空间格局呈现建设用地、耕地集中于流域核心区,草地、林地集中于边缘区的分异特征。(2)各时序综合土地利用动态度、土地转移图谱、土地利用涨落势变化近似,显著变化区主要位于流域盆地及其与山地过渡区,多年综合土地利用动态度为4.34%,单一土地利用动态度及土地利用涨势幅度最高的是建设用地及林地。(3)基于不同的主导土地利用类型影响,生态价值指数时序演变呈现“下降-增长-下降”的波浪状曲线特征;植被覆盖度经历“增长-下降-增长”的演变特征;空间格局上与土地利用变化区域呈现空间斑块重叠。地形结构、用地标准、社会经济及环保政策等因子驱动下,未来流域土地利用变化或将加大,对生态环境的胁迫增强。

关键词：土地利用/覆被变化生态环境效应时空格局汾河流域山西

Shock Formation for 2D Isentropic Euler Equations with Self-similar Variables

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2024年第3期45卷 349-412页

作者： Wenze su School of Mathematical Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

The author studies the 2D isentropic Euler equations with the ideal gas *** exhibits a set of smooth initial data that give rise to shock formation at a single point near the planar *** solutions to the 2D isentropic Euler equations are associated with non-zero vorticity at the shock and have uniform-in-time-1/3-Holder ***,these point shocks are of self-similar type and share the same profile,which is a solution to the 2D self-similar Burgers *** proof of the solutions,following the 3D construction of Buckmaster,Shkoller and Vicol(in 2023),is based on the stable 2D self-similar Burgers profile and the modulation method.

关键词： 2D isentropic Euler equations Shock formation Self-similar solution

Design and pricing of maintenance service contract based on Nash non-cooperative game approach

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第1期35卷 118-129页

作者： su Chun HUANG Kui School of Mechanical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China

Nowadays manufacturers are facing fierce *** from the products,providing customers with multiple maintenance options in the service contract becomes more popular,since it can help to improve customer satisfaction,and ultimately promote sales and maximize profit for the *** considering the combinations of corrective maintenance and preventive maintenance,totally three types of maintenance service contracts are ***,attractive incentive and penalty mechanisms are adopted in the *** this basis,Nash non-cooperative game is applied to analyze the revenue for both the manufacturer and customers,and so as to optimize the pricing mechanism of maintenance service contract and achieve a win-win *** experiments are *** results show that by taking into account the incentive and penalty mechanisms,the revenue can be improved for both the customers and ***,with the increase of repair rate and improvement factor in the preventive maintenance,the revenue will increase gradually for both the parties.

关键词： maintenance service contract Nash game incentive and penalty mechanism corrective maintenance preventive maintenance

A Time-Domain Numerical Simulation for Free Motion Responses of Two Ships Advancing in Head Waves

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第3期38卷 519-530页

作者： PAN su-yong CHENG Yong School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China

The constant panel method within the framework of potential flow theory in the time domain is developed for solving the hydrodynamic interactions between two parallel ships with forward *** solving problems within a time domain framework,the free water surface needs to simultaneously satisfy both the kinematic and dynamic boundary conditions of the free water *** provides conditions for adding artificial damping *** the Runge−Kutta method to solve equations related to *** upwind differential scheme is used in the present method to deal with the convection terms on the free surface to prevent waves *** the comparison with the available experimental data and other numerical methods,the present method is proved to have good mesh convergence,and satisfactory results can be *** constant panel method is applied to calculate the hydrodynamic interaction responses of two parallel ships advancing in head *** simulations are conducted on the effects of forward speed,different longitudinal and lateral distances on the motion response of two modified Wigley ships in head *** further investigations are conducted on the effects of different ship types on the motion response.

关键词： ship motions time domain simulation forward speed different distances wave loads

Stochastic and Distributed Optimal Energy Management of Active Distribution Networks Within Integrated Office Buildings

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 504-517页

作者： Zening Li su su Xiaolong Jin Mingchao Xia Qifang Chen Koji Yamashita National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521USA.

This paper proposes a stochastic and distributed optimal energy management approach for active distribution networks(ADNs)within office *** proposed approach aims at scheduling office buildings fitted with heating ventilation and air conditioning(HVAC)systems,and electric vehicle(EV)charging piles,to participate in the ADN ***,an energy management approach for the ADN with aggregated office buildings is *** the ADN optimization model is formulated considering the detailed building thermal dynamics and the mobile behaviors of ***,to consider un-certainties of photovoltaic(PV)power,scenario-based stochastic programming is integrated into the ADN optimization *** further realize the stochastic energy management of the ADN within office buildings in a distributed manner,the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM)is used to solve the ADN optimization *** original ADN optimization problem is divided into the network-side and the building-side sub-problems to effectively protect the privacy of the ADN and the office ***,the ADN optimization model incorporating office buildings is validated in the winter by numerical *** addition,the impacts of comfort temperature range and expected state of charge(SOC)at departure are *** Terms—ADN,EV,HVAC system,Office building,Stochastic and distributed energy management.

关键词： ADN EV HVAC system Office building Stochastic and distributed energy management

Numerical simulation of microwave-induced cracking and melting of granite based on mineral microscopic models

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1512-1524页

作者： Xiaoli su Diyuan Li Junjie Zhao Mimi Wang Xing su Aohui Zhou School of Resources and Safety Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

This study introduces a coupled electromagnetic–thermal–mechanical model to reveal the mechanisms of microcracking and mineral melting of polymineralic rocks under microwave *** tests validate the rationality of the proposed *** microscopic mineral sections into the granite model for simulation shows that uneven temperature gradients create distinct molten,porous,and nonmolten zones on the fracture ***,the varying thermal expansion coefficients and Young's moduli among the minerals induce significant thermal stress at the mineral *** and biotite with higher thermal expansion coefficients are subjected to compression,whereas plagioclase with smaller coefficients experiences tensile *** the molten zone,quartz undergoes transgranular cracking due to theα–βphase *** local high temperatures also induce melting phase transitions in biotite and *** numerical study provides new insights into the distribution of thermal stress and mineral phase changes in rocks under microwave irradiation.

关键词： microwave numerical modeling microcracking phase change granite