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Epstein-Barr virus infection and persistence in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells

Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第11期33卷 549-555页

作者： Chi Man Tsang Wen Deng yim ling yip Mu-Sheng Zeng Kwok Wai Lo Sai Wah Tsao Department of Anatomy Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong School of Nursing Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) infection is closely associated with undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC), strongly implicating a role for EBV in NPC pathogenesis; conversely, EBV infection is rarely detected in normal nasopharyngeal epithelial tissues. In general, EBV does not show a strong tropism for infecting human epithelial cells, and EBV infection in oropharyngeal epithelial cells is believed to be lytic in nature. To establish life-long infection in humans, EBV has evolved efficient strategies to infect B cells and hijack their cellular machinery for latent infection. Lytic EBV infection in oropharyngeal epithelial cells, though an infrequent event, is believed to be a major source of infectious EBV particles for salivary transmission. The biological events associated with nasopharyngeal epithelial cells are only beginning to be understood with the advancement of EBV infection methods and the availability of nasopharyngeal epithelial cell models for EBV infection studies. EBV infection in human epithelial cells is a highly inefficient process compared to that in B cells, which express the complement receptor type 2(CR2) to mediate EBV infection. Although receptor(s) on the epithelial cell surface for EBV infection remain(s) to be identified, EBV infection in epithelial cells could be achieved via the interaction of glycoproteins on the viral envelope with surface integrins on epithelial cells, which might trigger membrane fusion to internalize EBV in cells. Normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells are not permissive for latent EBV infection, and EBV infection in normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells usually results in growth arrest. However, genetic alterations in premalignant nasopharyngeal epithelial cells, including p16 deletion and cyclin D1 overexpression, could override the growth inhibitory effect of EBV infection to support stable and latent EBV infection in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. The EBV episome in NPC is clonal in nature, suggesting that

关键词：病毒感染上皮细胞鼻咽癌持久性细胞周期蛋白D1 全国人民代表大会生长抑制作用 EB病毒

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Modulatory Effects and Action Mechanisms of Tryptanthrin on Murine Myeloid Leukemia Cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2009年第5期6卷 335-342页

作者： Hoi-ling Chan Hon-Yan yip Nai-Ki Mak Kwok-Nam Leung Department of Biochemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin HKSAR China Department of Food and Nutritional SciencesProgramme The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin HKSAR China Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon TongHKSAR China Department of Biochemistry and Food and Nutritional Sciences Programme The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin HKSAR China

Leukemia is the disorder of hematopoietic cell development and is characterized by an uncoupling of cell proliferation and differentiation. There is a pressing need for the development of novel tactics for leukemia therapy as conventional treatments often have severe adverse side effects. Tryptanthrin （6,12-dihydro-6,12-dioxoindolo- （2,1-b）-quinazoline） is a naturally-occurring, weakly basic alkaloid isolated from the dried roots of medicinal indigo plants （Ban-Lan-Gen）. It has been reported to have various biological and pharmacological activities, including anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and anti-tumor effects. However, its modulatory effects and action mechanisms on myeloid cells remain poorly understood. In this study, tryptanthrin was shown to suppress the proliferation of the murine myeloid leukemia WEHI-3B JCS cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. It also significantly reduced the growth of WEHI-3B JCS cells in vivo in syngeneic BALB/c mice. However, it exhibited no significant direct cytotoxicity on normal murine peritoneal macrophages. Flow cytometric analysis showed an obvious cell cycle arrest of the tryptanthrin-treated WEHI-3B JCS cells at the G0/G1 phase. The expression of cyclin D2, D3, Cdk 2, 4 and 6 genes in WEHI-3B JCS cells was found to be down-regulated at 24 h as measured by RT-PCR. Morphological and functional studies revealed that tryptanthrin could induce differentiation in WEHI-3B JCS cells, as shown by the increases in vacuolation, cellular granularity and NBT-reducing activity in tryptanthrin-treated cells. Collectively, our findings suggest that tryptanthrin might exert its anti-tumor effect on the murine myelomonocytic leukemia WEHI-3B JCS cells by causing cell cycle arrest and by triggering cell differentiation.

关键词： Ban-Lan-Gen tryptanthrin myeloid leukemia cell differentiation

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Communicating Uncertainty in Climate Information for China: Recommendations and Lessons Learned for Climate Services

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2021年第1期35卷 77-86页

作者： Andrea Louise TAYLOR Sam GRAINGER Suraje DESSAI yim ling SIU Marta BRUNO SOARES Centre for Decision Research Leeds University Business SchoolUniversity of LeedsLS29JTUK Sustainability Research Institute School of Earth and EnvironmentUniversity of LeedsLS29JTUK Irish Climate Analysis and Research Unit S(ICARUS) Department of GeographyMaynooth UniversityCo.KildareW23 F2K8Ireland Met Office ExeterEX13PBUK

Uncertainty is an inherent characteristic of climate forecasts and projections. While there is an expanding body of international research on identifying what climate information users need to know about uncertainty, and how this should be communicated, very little of this has been conducted in a Chinese cultural context. In this paper, we report on the findings of interviews with climate experts(n = 28) and(potential) users of climate information in China(n =18) at seasonal and multidecadal timescales, with the objective of addressing the following research questions:(1)What information about uncertainty in climate forecasts and projections is currently provided to users in China?(2)What do climate experts believe that users need to know about uncertainty?(3) What information about uncertainty would(potential) users like to receive?(4) What challenges do providers and users perceive with respect to the communication of uncertainty? We find that while seasonal forecasts are predominantly presented deterministically, current and potential users are aware that there is uncertainty associated with them. Climate experts highlight the probabilistic nature of forecasts and the conditional nature of forecast quality, as areas for communication development. Interviews with(potential) users indicate that(1) preferences for deterministic information are not unanimous;(2) probabilities associated with conditions being above/below normal may only be considered useful for decision-making if they are > 60%;and(3) forecasts that provide tailored statements on probability of user-relevant thresholds are preferred. At multidecadal timescales, we observe lower engagement with projections, and less evidence of interaction between providers and recipients, suggesting that development of climate services at multidecadal timescales will need to first highlight the added value of these. We present key recommendations for communicating uncertainty in seasonal forecasts and explore the pote

关键词： climate services communication uncertainty user needs China

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Immunoregulatory and Anti-cancer Activities of Combination Treatment of Novel Four-Herb Formula and Doxorubicin in 4T1-Breast Cancer Bearing Mice

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期30卷 311-321页

作者： Lea ling-Yu Kan Ben Chung-Lap Chan Grace Gar-Lee Yue LI Pei-ting Sharon Sze-Man Hon HUANG Dan-qi Miranda Sin-Man Tsang Clara Bik-San Lau Ping-Chung Leung Chun-Kwok Wong Institute of Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine School of Health and Biomedical SciencesSTEM CollegeRMIT UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia Li Dak Sum yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong SARHong KongChina

Objective To investigate the in vivo immunomodulatory and anti-tumor mechanisms of the combined treatment of novel Four-Herb formula(4HF)and doxorubicin in triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC).Methods Murine-derived triple-negative mammary carcinoma cell line,4T1 cells,was cultured and inoculated into mouse mammary ***-six mice were randomly assigned into 6 groups(n=11 in ench):naive,control,LD 4HF(low dose 4HF),HD 4HF(high dose 4HF),LD 4HF+D(low dose and doxorubicin),and D(doxorubicin).Apart from the naive group,each mouse received subcutaneous inoculation with 5×10^(5)4T1 cells resuspended in 100µL of normal saline in the mammary fat *** from the day of tumor cell inoculation,tumors were grown for 6 *** LD and HD groups received daily oral gavage of 658 and 2,630 mg/kg 4HF,*** LD 4HF+D group received daily oral gavage of 658 mg/kg 4HF and weekly intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin(5 mg/kg).The D group received weekly intraperitoneal injections of doxorubicin(5 mg/kg).The treatment naive mice received daily oral gavage of 0.2 mL double distilled water and 0.1 mL normal saline via intraperitoneal injection once a *** control group received daily oral gavage of 0.2 mL double-distilled *** treatment period was 30 *** the end of treatment,mice organs were harvested to analyze immunological activities via immunophenotyping,gene and multiplex analysis,histological staining,and gut microbiota *** Mice treated with the combination of 4HF and doxorubicin resulted in significantly reduced tumor and spleen burdens(P<0.05),altered the hypoxia and overall immune lymphocyte landscape,and manipulated gut microbiota to favor the anti-tumor immunological ***,immunosuppressive genes,cytokines,and chemokines such as C-C motif chemokine 2 and interleukin-10 of tumors were significantly downregulated(P<0.05).4HF-doxorubicin combination treatment demonstrated synergetic activities and was most effective

关键词： adjunctivetherapy breast cancer cytokines Chinese medicine tumor microenvironment

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Investigation of the association between all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (RDH8) polymorphisms and high myopia in Chinese

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2010年第11期11卷 836-841页

作者： Yan-shu YU Lin-ling WANG Ye SHEN Maurice K. H. YAP Shea-ping yip Wei HAN Department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310003 China School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong SAR China Department of Health Technology and Informaties The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong SAR China

Retinoic acid level in the retina/choroid is altered in induced myopia ***-trans-retinol dehydrogenase(RDH8) is an important enzyme of retinoic acid *** study aimed to investigate the association of the RDH8 gene with high *** single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) [RDH851(rs2233789) ,RDH8E5a(rs1644731) ,and RDH855b(rs3760753) ]were selected,based on the linkage disequilibrium pattern of RDH8 from a previous study,and genotyped for 160 Han Chinese nuclear families with highly myopic(-10 diopters or worse) offspring as well as in an independent group with 166 highly myopic cases(-10 diopters or worse) and 211 controls. Family-based association analysis was performed using the family-based association test(FBAT) package,and genotype relative risk(GRR) was calculated using the GenAssoc ***-based association analysis was performed using Chi-square *** SNPs were in linkage equilibrium with each *** RDH851(rs2233789) and RDH8E5a(rs1644731) both did not show association with high *** RDH855b(rs3760753) demonstrated significant association(P=0.0269) with a GRR of 0.543(95%confidence interval=0.304-0.968,P=0.038) .The association became statistically insignificant,however,after multiple comparison *** analysis did not show a significant association ***-based association analysis also showed no significant association(P>0.05) .Our family-and population-based data both suggest that the RDH8 gene is unlikely to be associated with high myopia in Chinese.

关键词： Myopia All-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (RDH8) Single nucleotide polymorphisms Association study Linkage disequilibrium Genotype relative risk

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Synthesis and mesomorphic properties of Schiff base esters possessing terminal chloro substituent

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2010年第6期21卷 637-640页

作者： Sie Tiong Ha Lay Khoon Ong Siew ling Lee Hong Cheu Lin yip Foo Win Siew Teng Ong Department of Chemical Science Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJln UniversitiBandar Barat31900 KamparPerakMalaysia Department of Science Faculty of Engineering & ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJln Genting KlangSetapak53300 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM SkudaiJohorMalaysia Department of Materials Science & Engineering National Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu 300TaiwanChina

A homologous series of Schiff base esters,4-chlorobenzylidene-4'-n-alkanoyloxyanilines,containing even number of carbons at the end groups of the molecules(C_(n-1)H_(2n-1)COO-,n=4,6,8,10,12,14,16) were *** mesomorphic properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and polarizing optical microscopy(POM).It was found that the end groups of the molecules had an effect on the mesomorphic properties.n-Butanoyloxy was found non-mesogenic,whilst n-hexanoyloxy exhibited monotropic smectic *** higher members in this homologous series were enantiotropic smectogens.

关键词： Schiff base esters Smectic A Smectic B Liquid crystal

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Mesomorphic behaviour of new azomethine liquid crystals having terminal bromo substituent

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2012年第2期23卷 177-180页

作者： Sie Tiong Ha Teck Leong Lee Siew ling Lee Guan Yeow Yeap yip Foo Win Siew Teng Ong Department of Chemical Science Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJln UniversitiBandar Barat31900 KamparMalaysia Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM SkudaiMalaysia Liquid Crystal Research Laboratory School of Chemical SciencesUniversiti Sains Malaysia11800 MindenMalaysia Department.of Chemical Science Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJln UniversitiBandar Barat31900 KamparMalaysia

A homologous series of azomethine esters,4-n-alkanoyloxybenzylidene-4＇-bromoanilines possessing even number of carbon atoms at the terminal alkanoyloxy chain（C_（n-1）H_（2n-1）COO- n = 8,10,12,14,16,18） was synthesized and *** n-octanoyloxy to n-dodecanoyloxy derivatives exhibited enantiotropic smectic A and smectic B phases,n-tetradecanoyloxy to n-octadecanoyloxy derivatives possessed enantiotropic smectic A and monotropic smectic B properties.n-Decanoyloxy derivatives demonstrated the optimum exhibition for both smectic A and smectic B *** was found that the length of terminal alkanoyloxy chain has an influence on mesomorphic properties.

关键词： Liquid crystals Schiff base ester Enantiotropic Smectic A Smectic B

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The impacts of suspended mariculture on coastal zones in China and the scope for Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第6期3卷 32-51页

作者： Reece Wartenberg Limin Feng Jia Jun Wu yim ling Mak Leo L.Chan Trevor C.Telfer Paul K.S.Lamab.c State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Sustainable Use of Marine BiodiversityCity University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute BuildingShenzhenGuangdongChina Department of Biology and Chemistry City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina Institute of Aquaculture University of StirlingStirlingUK

Introduction:China is responsible for more than 60%of global aquaculture *** the frontiers of food production have expanded,the cultivation of marine organisms in coastal zones and the open ocean has grown *** dominant mariculture industry in China is suspended mariculture,which uses net cages,ropes,or other structures suspended in the water column to cultivate aquatic *** systematic,quantitative review provides a clear and comprehensive account of research that has investigated the adverse impacts of suspended mariculture in China and reviews research that has applied Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture(IMTA)systems for mitigating *** work builds on 218 peer reviewed papers that have been published in English-language ***:Eighteen impacts were identified,including chemical,ecological,physical,and socioeconomic *** measures for improving suspended mariculture were recommended consisting of government department,farm management,and ecological engineering *** was the most frequently recommended *** capabil-ities of IMTA for bioremediation and increased farm production were the most frequently studied *** other benefits have been explored but remain *** current challenges facing the expansion of commercial IMTA include limited use of new technology,limited skills development,decreasing production of low trophic-level species,biogeographic and temporal barriers,and negative system ***:Despite challenges,implementing commercial IMTA is a promising measure for reducing the impacts of sus pended mariculture because it presents a range of secondary benefits that can improve the overall sustainability of aquaculture in the coastal zone.

关键词： Aquaculture bioremediation China impacts Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture pollution suspended mariculture

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马来西亚华裔学生选择华文独立中学原因分析——以宽柔中学为例

马来西亚华裔学生选择华文独立中学原因分析——以宽柔中学为例

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作者：刘叶琳（LOW yip ling）南京大学

学位级别：硕士

在众多海外华文教育的发展与现状中,马来西亚华文教育无疑是保存华文教育体系、传承中华文化最好的体系之一,在东南亚地区也是独占鳌头的。然而,在外人看似蓬勃发展的马来西亚华文教育,因马来西亚政府的单元种族政策的教育理念的指导下... 详细信息

在众多海外华文教育的发展与现状中,马来西亚华文教育无疑是保存华文教育体系、传承中华文化最好的体系之一,在东南亚地区也是独占鳌头的。然而,在外人看似蓬勃发展的马来西亚华文教育,因马来西亚政府的单元种族政策的教育理念的指导下,种种不平等的教育政策让这片土地上的华文母语教育捍卫者-路走来艰苦艰难,披荆斩棘。马来西亚的华文教育,以华文独立中学为最有代表性。在众多的独立中学中,处在南马柔佛州新山的宽柔中学是其中的佼佼者,因它是全马规模最大、人数最多、在众多领域都优秀的华人独立中学,更是马来西亚第一间坚持捍卫以母语为教学媒介语的华文独立中学。在马来西亚政府采取对独中边缘化的教育政策下,马来西亚华文独中的发展虽然有过低潮但是却逆流而上,越办越好,这一点引起笔者的兴趣欲继续探究之：到底是什么因素和原因导致学生愿意就读于宽柔华文独立中学,他们的选择原因和背后的因素为何?通过问卷调查、访谈以及历史研究,主要得出了三个观点：1.学生之所以愿意就读于宽柔独立中学的主要原因是自身热爱母语教育、希望以母语为教学媒介语来进行课程的学习;2.宽柔独立中学的课外活动的多元与多样、传统与青春气息交织的校园文化更是宽柔独立中学独特的原因;3.宽柔老师的教学素质以及与学生之间的互动所产生的“宽柔情”是宽柔学生毕业后一直恋恋不忘母校的原因。这三大因素一起构筑了学生选择在宽柔独中学习的因素,造就了宽柔独立中学的辉煌和独特。此外,马来西亚华人的祖先是中国移民居多,因此马来西亚华文教育在马来西亚得以较完善的保留至今,离不开华人对于自己民族感的认同,不管延续至多少代,这股民族力量一直在背后推动着马来西亚华人对自己“根”的追寻,对中华文化传统的坚持,体现在马来西亚华人对于自己母语教育的坚持不懈的精神。本研究还对会给宽柔独中甚至所有独中的发展带来的负面影响,进而让学生失去选择就读宽中的热情的因素进行了探索和论述,并分成内在因素与外在因素两方面。其中,外在因素有政府单元种族教育政策的打压,如不承认统考文凭和不给予独中津贴,内部原因如师资质量与专业化培训的不足、相对填鸭式的应试教育等都会导致学生未来就业和升学的前景不明,进而影响学生的择校原因。最后,笔者对于宽柔独立中学的未来甚至华文独立中学的未来还是保持着乐观的态度,并且认为随着时间的推移其办学前景和发展趋势会越来越好。中国的崛起、世界多元化趋势的推动、独中办学质量受外界的肯定等种种因素下,是能让笔者保持信心的关键。

关键词：华文独立中学宽柔独中择校原因原因分析解决方案

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激光全息光刻技术在微纳光子结构制备中的应用进展

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光谱学与光谱分析 2016年第11期36卷 3461-3469页

作者：王霞吕浩赵秋玲张帅一谭永炎青岛科技大学数理学院山东青岛266061 山东省新型光电材料与技术工程实验室山东青岛266061 香港科技大学物理系

微纳光子结构研究随着光子学、半导体物理学及微加工技术的发展而逐渐蓬勃开展,并在其结构、理论、制备技术等方面取得了系列进展。受限于目前的微加工技术水平,要成功制备大尺度、高质量的光子材料仍然存在着一定挑战。激光全息光刻技... 详细信息

微纳光子结构研究随着光子学、半导体物理学及微加工技术的发展而逐渐蓬勃开展,并在其结构、理论、制备技术等方面取得了系列进展。受限于目前的微加工技术水平,要成功制备大尺度、高质量的光子材料仍然存在着一定挑战。激光全息光刻技术作为一种简便快捷的微结构制作技术已经发展成为一种经济快速制作大面积微纳超材料及光子晶体模板的重要手段。介绍了激光全息光刻技术的原理,详细阐述了该技术在制作三维面心立方、木堆积结构、金刚石结构光子晶体以及光学周期类准晶、手性超材料、周期性缺陷结构等微纳光子结构中的应用研究进展。激光全息光刻技术成功制作微纳光子结构为光子材料在更多领域的广泛应用提供了基础和方法。

关键词：微纳光子结构激光全息光刻光子晶体超材料

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