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基于DCGAN和改进YOLOv5s的钢丝帘布缺陷检测方法

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电子测量技术 2024年第3期47卷 144-155页

作者：黄鹏蔡露陈彬周益航易冬旺桂林理工大学机械与控制工程学院桂林541000

为解决钢丝帘布表面缺陷检测准确率低且泛化能力不强的问题,提出了一种基于DCGAN和改进YOLOv5s的缺陷检测方法。首先,通过调整DCGAN网络参数并优化超参数,使生成器能够生成具有丰富特征和清晰纹理的钢丝帘布缺陷图像,从而扩充数据集;其... 详细信息

为解决钢丝帘布表面缺陷检测准确率低且泛化能力不强的问题,提出了一种基于DCGAN和改进YOLOv5s的缺陷检测方法。首先,通过调整DCGAN网络参数并优化超参数,使生成器能够生成具有丰富特征和清晰纹理的钢丝帘布缺陷图像,从而扩充数据集;其次,采用K-means++算法对钢丝帘布缺陷数据重新聚类锚框,以获得更优的锚框参数,实现锚框与实际缺陷的精确匹配;然后,在YOLOv5s主干网络中的C3模块添加坐标注意力机制,以增强模型的特征提取能力和精确定位能力;最后,引入MPDIoU损失函数替换YOLOv5s原损失函数,进一步提高检测精度。实验结果表明,在实测钢丝帘布缺陷数据集上,采用DCGAN数据增强和改进后的YOLOv5s检测模型,缺陷检测平均精度提高了6.6%,达到了89.4%,并且检测准确率和召回率也有所提高。与其他主流检测模型相比,该模型不仅在检测速度上提高了约30%,还保持较高的检测精度。在公开的NEU-DET数据集上,该模型的mAP值达到了82.6%,较原始YOLOv5s模型提高了3.8%。

关键词：钢丝帘布缺陷检测生成对抗网络 K-means++ 注意力机制 MPDIoU损失函数

梨火疫病菌对四霉素敏感基线的建立及抗药性评价

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果树学报 2024年第7期41卷 1418-1428页

作者：吕振豪杨雨薇刘琦于蕊陈晓晓周伊航陈晶新疆农业大学农学院·农业农村部西北荒漠绿洲农林外来入侵生物防控重点实验室(部省共建)·新疆维吾尔自治区农林有害生物监测与安全防控重点实验室乌鲁木齐830052

【目的】建立新疆库尔勒地区和阿克苏地区梨火疫病菌(Erwinia amylovora)对四霉素的敏感基线,监测梨火疫病菌对四霉素的抗药性水平,为四霉素防治梨火疫病田间用药、抗药性监测与抗药性治理提供理论依据。【方法】采用抑菌圈法测定100株... 详细信息

【目的】建立新疆库尔勒地区和阿克苏地区梨火疫病菌(Erwinia amylovora)对四霉素的敏感基线,监测梨火疫病菌对四霉素的抗药性水平,为四霉素防治梨火疫病田间用药、抗药性监测与抗药性治理提供理论依据。【方法】采用抑菌圈法测定100株梨火疫病菌株对四霉素的敏感性;采用平板划线法和含药培养基法药剂驯化抗药突变体,进行抗药性评价。【结果】共监测到敏感菌株74个,低抗菌株26个。100株菌株对四霉素的敏感性频率接近正态分布,因此可将该曲线(平均EC50=1.59±1.029μg·mL^(-1))作为新疆库尔勒地区和阿克苏地区梨火疫病菌对四霉素的敏感基线;共获得4株抗药突变体,均不具有稳定遗传性;四霉素与84%噻霉酮、中生菌素均会产生交互抗药性。【结论】建立了新疆梨火疫病菌分离菌株对四霉素药剂的敏感基线,仅监测到少数低抗菌株,梨火疫病菌对四霉素的抗性风险低。

关键词：梨火疫病菌四霉素室内毒力测定敏感基线抗性稳定性

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超高场5.0T心脏MRI:现状、挑战与未来

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中国医学影像技术 2024年第5期40卷 666-670页

作者：葛琳琪郭玉博王海峰周谊航梁栋郑海荣朱燕杰中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院劳特伯生物医学成像研究中心广东深圳518055 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院重症国家重点实验室放射科北京100730 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院医学人工智能中心广东深圳518055

常规1.5T和3.0T心脏MRI(CMRI)已获广泛应用;超高场MRI分辨率和信噪比更优,5.0T全身超高场MRI能更好地平衡心脏成像场强与质量,有望提升成像质量及效率。本文就5.0T CMRI现状、挑战与未来发展方向进行综述。

关键词：诊断技术,心血管磁共振成像电磁场超高场

Nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation improves the quality of porcine oocytes under heat stress

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1326-1339页

作者： Meijie Song Yu Li yihang zhou Jiner Yan Xiaohua zhou Qian Gao Yilong Miao Bo Xiong College of Animal Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Background:Elevated ambient temperature-caused heat stress is a major concern for livestock production due to its negative impact on animal feed intake,growth,reproduction,and ***,the germ cells are extremely sensitive to the heat ***,the effective approach and strategy regarding how to protect mammalian oocytes from heat stress-induced defects have not been ***:Germinal vesicle(GV)porcine oocytes were cultured at 41.5℃ for 24 h to induce heat stress,and then cultured at 38.5℃ to the specific developmental stage for subsequent *** mononucleotide(NMN)was dissolved in water to 1 mol/L for a stock solution and further diluted with the maturation medium to the final concentrations of 10μmol/L,20μmol/L,50μmol/L or 100μmol/L,respectively,during heat *** and fluorescence intensity quantification were applied to assess the effects of heat stress and NMN supplementation on the key processes during the oocyte meiotic ***:Here,we report that NMN supplementation improves the quality of porcine oocytes under heat ***,we found that heat stress resulted in oocyte maturation failure by disturbing the dynamics of meiotic organelles,including the cytoskeleton assembly,cortical granule distribution and mitochondrial *** addition,heat stress induced the production of excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)and DNA damage,leading to the occurrence of apoptosis in oocytes and subsequent embryonic development *** importantly,we validated that supplementation of NMN during heat stress restored the meiotic defects during porcine oocyte ***:Taken together,our study documents that NMN supplementation is an effective approach to improve the quality of oocytes under heat stress by promoting both nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation.

关键词： Heat stress Meiotic defects Nicotinamide mononucleotide Oocyte quality Porcine oocytes

18F-FDG PET/MR代谢及扩散参数对非小细胞肺癌患者预后评估价值研究

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磁共振成像 2024年第7期15卷 27-31页

作者：周一航姜涵孟楠王鑫惠刘雪袁健闵杨阳王哲王梅云新乡医学院河南省人民医院放射科河南省科学院医学科学与工程综合研究所脑科学与类脑智能技术实验室河南省人民医院&郑州大学人民医院放射科上海联影医疗科技股份有限公司中央研究院北京联影智能影像技术研究院

目的探讨18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(18F-fluorodeoxyglucose,18F-FDG)正电子发射断层扫描/磁共振（positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance, PET/MR）成像代谢参数及扩散参数对非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC）患者预后评估的价值。材料与方法前瞻性纳入CT检查怀疑有肺部占位性病变后进行3.0 T胸部18F-FDG PET/MR混合扫描的患者48例，分析扫描图像的最大标准摄取值(maximumstandardizeduptakevalue,SUVmax)和表观扩散系数（apparent diffusion coefficient, ADC）与临床可能预后因素的关系。用Kaplan-Meier法、Log-rank检验及单因素和多因素Cox回归分析代谢参数SUVmax和ADC与无进展生存期（progression-free survival, PFS）和总生存期（overall survival, OS）的关系。结果 48例NSCLC患者的SUVmax和ADC的中位数分别为5.87（3.92, 9.66）和1.41（1.28, 1.57）。单因素分析显示，是否手术[HR=6.704,95%置信区间（confidence interval, CI）为1.422～31.614,P=0.016;HR=7.174,95%CI为1.486～34.626,P=0.014]、SUVmax（HR=1.170,95%CI为1.010～1.355,P=0.036;HR=1.173,95%CI为1.010～1.360,P=0.035）及ADC （HR=0.010,95%CI为0.000～0.232,P=0.004;HR=0.006,95%CI为0.000～0.156,P=0.002）是NSCLC患者PFS和OS的影响因素。多因素分析显示，ADC（HR=0.012,95%CI为0.000～0.386,P=0.012;HR=0.008,95%CI为0.000～0.298,P=0.009）是影响NSCLC患者PFS和OS的独立危险因素。结论 SUVmax和ADC都是NSCLC患者预后的影响因素，并且，ADC可能比SUVmax更有助于预测NSCLC患者的预后，18F-FDG PET/MR代谢参数及扩散参数对NSCLC患者预后评估具有一定的价值。

关键词：非小细胞肺癌正电子发射断层成像/磁共振成像 18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖预后评估磁共振成像扩散加权成像

Acquisition repeatability of MRI radiomics features in the head and neck:a dual-3D-sequence multi-scan study

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2022年第1期5卷 115-127页

作者： Cindy Xue Jing Yuan yihang zhou Oi Lei Wong Kin Yin Cheung Siu Ki Yu Research Department Hong Kong Sanatorium&HospitalHong KongChina Medical Physics Department Hong Kong Sanatorium&HospitalHong KongChina

Radiomics has increasingly been investigated as a potential biomarker in quantitative imaging to facilitate personalized diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancer(HNC),a group of malignancies associated with high ***,the feature reliability of radiomics is a major obstacle to its broad validity and generality in application to the highly heterogeneous head and neck(HN)*** particular,feature repeatability of radiomics in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)acquisition,which is considered a crucial confounding factor of radiomics feature reliability,is still sparsely *** study prospectively investigated the acquisition repeatability of 93 MRI radiomics features in ten HN tissues of 15 healthy volunteers,aiming for potential magnetic resonance-guided radiotherapy(MRgRT)treatment of *** subject underwent four MRI acquisitions with MRgRT treatment position and immobilization using two pulse sequences of 3D T1-weighed turbo spin-echo and 3D T2-weighed turbo spin-echo on a 1.5T MRI *** repeatability of radiomics feature acquisition was evaluated in terms of the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC),whereas within-subject acquisition variability was evaluated in terms of the coefficient of variation(CV).The results showed that MRI radiomics features exhibited heterogeneous acquisition variability and uncertainty dependent on feature types,tissues,and pulse *** a small fraction of features showed excellent acquisition repeatability(ICC>0.9)and low within-subject *** MRI scans improved the accuracy and confidence of the identification of reliable features concerning MRI acquisition compared to simple test-retest repeated *** study contributes to the literature on the reliability of radiomics features with respect to MRI acquisition and the selection of reliable radiomics features for use in modeling in future HNC MRgRT applications.

关键词： Radiomics Magnetic resonance guided radiotherapy Head and neck Repeatability Intraclass correlation coefficient

下丘脑腹内侧核神经元调节代谢机制的研究进展

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神经解剖学杂志 2024年第2期40卷 257-261页

作者：时素娟张颖宁毛娥陈玉玲王兮周一航寇珍珍王璐延安大学基础医学院延安716000 空军军医大学基础医学院人体解剖与组织胚胎学教研室西安710032 包头医学院基础医学与法医学院包头014040 空军军医大学基础医学院学员一大队西安710032 空军军医大学基础医学院学员五大队西安710032

下丘脑是调控自主神经系统功能的整合中枢,其中下丘脑腹内侧核(VMH)在代谢调控中扮演着关键的角色。因此,深入理解其生理功能有助于揭示糖尿病、肥胖等代谢性疾病的发病机制,为疾病的预防和治疗提供新的研究方向。本文综述了近年来关于... 详细信息

下丘脑是调控自主神经系统功能的整合中枢,其中下丘脑腹内侧核(VMH)在代谢调控中扮演着关键的角色。因此,深入理解其生理功能有助于揭示糖尿病、肥胖等代谢性疾病的发病机制,为疾病的预防和治疗提供新的研究方向。本文综述了近年来关于VMH在调节代谢机制方面的研究进展,深入探讨了其在能量平衡、葡萄糖稳态、脂质代谢等方面的作用,为进一步理解和治疗代谢性疾病提供了基础。

关键词：下丘脑腹内侧核糖尿病肥胖糖代谢脂代谢葡萄糖稳态

Recent progress about transmission electron microscopy characterizations on lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 39-56,I0002页

作者： yihang Liu Qiuyun Li Ziqiang Wang Institute of Materials Research Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518000GuangdongChina

With the rapid development of portable electronics,new energy vehicles,and smart grids,ion batteries are becoming one of the most widely used energy storage devices,while the safety concern of ion batteries has always been an urgent problem to be *** develop a safety-guaranteed battery,the characterization of the internal structure is indispensable,where electron microscopy plays a crucial *** on this,this paper summarizes the application of transmission electron microscopy(TEM)in battery safety,further concludes and analyzes the aspects of dendrite growth and solid electrolyte interface(SEI)formation that affect the safety of ion batteries,and emphasizes the importance of electron microscopy in battery safety research and the potential of these techniques to promote the future development of this *** advanced electron microscopy techniques and their prospects are also discussed.

关键词： Electron microscopy characterizations Lithium-ion batteries Dendrites SEI

Fast-Response Fiber-Optic FPI Temperature Sensing System Based on Modulated Grating Y-Branch Tunable Laser

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Photonic Sensors 2024年第1期14卷 59-72页

作者： Yang CHEUNG Zhenguo JING Qiang LIU Ang LI Yueying LIU yihang GUO Sen ZHANG Dapeng zhou Wei PENG School of Physics Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of Computer and Electronic Information/School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China

In this paper,a cost-effective and miniaturized instrument is proposed,which is based on a tunable modulated grating Y-branch(MG-Y)laser for rapid temperature measurement using a Fabry-Perot interferometer(FPI)*** FPI sensor with a 1463-μm cavity length is a short segment of a capillary tube sandwiched by two sections of single-mode fibers(SMFs).This system has a broad tunable range(1527 nm-1567 nm)with a wavelength interval of 8 pm and a tuning rate of 100 *** sensing experiments are carried out to investigate the performance of the system by demodulating the absolute cavity length of the FPI sensor using a cross-correlation *** results show that the sensor can reach the response time as short as 94 ms with the sensitivity of 802 pm/*** from the homemade and integrated essential electrical circuits,the entire system has the small size,low cost,and practical application potential to be used in the harsh environment for rapid temperature measurement.

关键词： MG-Y laser interrogator rapid temperature measurement cross-correlation algorithm