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Heterogeneous MXene-based films with graded electrical conductivity towards highly efficient EMI shielding and electrothermal heating

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7264-7274页

作者： yu Zhang Guangcheng Zhang Zhonglei Ma Jianbin Qin Xi shen Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina

The increasing need for electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding of electronics in cold environments such as those in aircraft,space exploration,and wearable heaters to avoid hazardous icing conditions or hypothermia requires the development of thin and lightweight EMI shielding materials preferably by absorbing rather than reflecting electromagnetic(EM)waves while also generating heat through energy-efficient electrothermal ***,it is challenging to achieve absorption-dominant EMI shielding and energy-efficient electrothermal heating simultaneously in a thin and lightweight ***,we develop a heterogeneous composite film comprising a porous multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)/bacterial cellulose(BC)film and an aligned MXene/Ag nanowires(NWs)backing via a sequential vacuum filtration *** porous film contains random conductive networks of MWCNTs with moderate conductivity while the aligned MXene sheets atop Ag NWs network affords high conductivity in the backing,giving rise to graded electrical conductivity for absorption-dominant EMI *** increasing Ag NW coverage leads to significantly increased electrical conductivity without increasing the EM wave reflection as well as the density and thickness of the film,yielding excellent specific EMI shielding effectiveness(>8500 dB/(g·cm^(2))),low driving voltage for energy-efficient electrothermal heating(163℃at 2.5 V),and fast response time(60 s)at a low areal density of 0.015 mg/cm^(2).Combining EMI shielding and electrothermal heating,the heterogeneous film developed here are promising contenders for the protection of electronic equipment in low-temperature environment.

关键词： heterogenous composite film MXene electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding thermal management

Interplay between the glymphatic system and neurotoxic proteins in Parkinson’s disease and related disorders:current knowledge and future directions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1973-1980页

作者： yumei yue Xiaodan Zhang Wen Lv Hsin-yi Lai Ting shen Department of Neurology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Emergency Medicine The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine IntelligenceSchool of Brain Science and Brain MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder that is associated with abnormal aggregation and accumulation of neurotoxic proteins,includingα-synuclein,amyloid-β,and tau,in addition to the impaired elimination of these neurotoxic *** parkinsonism,which has the same clinical presentation and neuropathology as Parkinson’s disease,expands the disease landscape within the continuum of Parkinson’s disease and related *** glymphatic system is a waste clearance system in the brain,which is responsible for eliminating the neurotoxic proteins from the interstitial *** of the glymphatic system has been proposed as a significant contributor to the development and progression of neurodegenerative disease,as it exacerbates the aggregation of neurotoxic proteins and deteriorates neuronal ***,impairment of the glymphatic system could be considered as the final common pathway to *** evidence has provided initial insights into the potential effect of the impaired glymphatic system on Parkinson’s disease and related disorders;however,many unanswered questions *** review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the growing literature on the glymphatic system in Parkinson’s disease and related *** focus of this review is on identifying the manifestations and mechanisms of interplay between the glymphatic system and neurotoxic proteins,including loss of polarization of aquaporin-4 in astrocytic endfeet,sleep and circadian rhythms,neuroinflammation,astrogliosis,and *** review further delves into the underlying pathophysiology of the glymphatic system in Parkinson’s disease and related disorders,and the potential implications of targeting the glymphatic system as a novel and promising therapeutic strategy.

关键词： atypical parkinsonism glymphatic system magnetic resonance imaging neurotoxic proteins Parkinson’s disease

Electroacupuncture at Sensitized Acupoints Relieves Somatic Referred Pain in Colitis Rats by Inhibiting Sympathetic-Sensory Coupling to Interferewith 5-HT Signaling Pathway

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第2期30卷 152-162页

作者： YANG ying QU Jin-yu GUO Hua ZHOU Hai-ying RUAN Xia PENG ying-chun shen Xue-fang XIONG Jin WANG yi-li School of Clinical Medicine Chengdu Medical CollegeChengdu(610500)China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine the First Affliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical CollegeChengdu(610500)China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine West China HospitalSichuan University/West China School of NursingSichuan UniversityChengdu(610041)China Department of Neurology the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical CollegeChengdu(610500)China

Objective:To investigate whether electroacupuncture(EA) at sensitized acupoints could reduce sympathetic-sensory coupling(SSC) and neurogenic inflammatory response by interfering with 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)ergic neural pathways to relieve colitis and somatic referred pain,and explore the underlying ***:Rats were treated with 5% dextran sodium sulfate(DSS) solution for 7 days to establish a colitis *** rats were randomly divided into the control and model groups according to a random number table(n=6).According to the Research on Rat Acupoint Atlas",sensitized acupoints and non-sensitized acupoints were *** were randomly divided into the control,model,Zusanli-EA(ST 36),Dachangshu-EA(BL 25),and Xinshu(BL 15) groups(n=6),as well as the control,model,EA,and EA+GR113808(a 5-HT inhibitor)groups(n=6).The rats in the control group received no *** was administered on 2 days after modeling using the stimulation pavameters:1 mA,2 Hz,for 30 min,with sparse and dense waves,for 14 consecutive ***113808 was injected into the tail vein at 5 mg/kg before EA for 10 min for 7 consecutive *** sensitivity was assessed with von Frey *** weight and disease activity index(DAI) scores of rats were *** and eosin staining was performed to observe colon *** was analyzed by immunofluorescence *** staining was performed to detect 5-HT and substance P(SP) *** calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) in skin tissue and tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) protein levels in DRG were detected by Western *** levels of hyaluronic acid(HA),bradykinin(BK),prostaglandin I2(PGI2) in skin tissue,5-HT,tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TPH1),serotonin transporters(SERT),5-HT 3 receptor(5-HT3R),and 5-HT 4 receptor(5-HT4R) in colon tissue were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results:BL 25 and ST 36 acupoints were determined as sensitized acupoints,and BL 1

关键词： electroacupuncture sensitized acupoints sympathetic-sensory coupling 5-hydroxytryptamine neurogenic inflammation somaticreferredpain

The Security Governance and Strategic Stability Challenges of Artificial Intelligence amid Major-Power Competition

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China International Studies 2024年第3期 149-172页

作者： shen yi Gao yu School of International Relations and Public Affairs Fudan University

The rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI),especially the breakthroughs in generative AI technology,has pushed AI to the forefront of the information technology revolution and made the impacts of AI development and its governance model an issue of great concern to the *** November 2023,the first global AI Safety Summit held at Bletchley Park of the UK released the Bletchley Declaration signed by 28 countries and regional organizations.

关键词： breakthrough push Major

Flexible,efficient,and accurate tests for epidemics

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第8期67卷 1881-1898页

作者： Linjiajie Fang Bing-yi Jing shen Ling Qiyue Wang Qing Yang Data Science and Analytics Thrust The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Statistics and Data Science Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Mathematics and Statistics Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B 3H 4R 2Canada Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

Group testing involves discovering a small subset of distinguished subjects from a large population while efficiently reducing the total number of *** has been widely used for industrial testing,information technology,and biology,especially epidemic ***,in reality,are noisy for the presence of false *** tests are accurate but time-consuming,while others are cheaper but less *** which test to use is constrained by various considerations,such as availability,cost,accuracy,and *** this paper,we propose flexible,efficient,and accurate tests(FEATs).FEATs are based on group testing with simple but careful designs by incorporating ideas such as close contact cliques and repeated *** could dramatically improve the efficiency or accuracy of existing *** example,for accurate but slow tests,the FEAT can improve efficiency multiple times without compromising *** the other hand,for fast but inaccurate tests,the FEAT can sharply reduce the false-negative rate(FNR)and significantly increase *** justifications are *** point out some scenarios where the FEAT can be effectively employed.

关键词： epidemiology control blood testing testing efficiency testing accuracy

Rapidly growing primordial black holes as seeds of the massive high-redshift JWST Galaxies

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第10期67卷 139-146页

作者： Guan-Wen yuan Lei Lei yuan-Zhu Wang Bo Wang yi-ying Wang Chao Chen Zhao-Qiang shen yi-Fu Cai yi-Zhong Fan Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Deep Space Exploration Laboratory/Department of Astronomy School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

A group of massive galaxies at redshifts of z■7 have been recently detected by the James Webb Space Telescope(JWST),which were unexpected to form at such an early time within the standard Big Bang *** this work,we propose that this puzzle can be explained by the presence of some primordial black holes(PBHs)with a mass of~1000M_(⊙).These PBHs act as seeds for early galaxy formation with masses of~10^(8)-10^(10)M_(⊙)at high redshift,hence accounting for the JWST *** use a hierarchical Bayesian inference framework to constrain the PBH mass distribution models,and find that the Lognormal model with the M_(c)~750M_(⊙)is preferred over other *** rapidly growing BHs are expected to have strong radiation and may appear as high-redshift compact objects,similar to those recently discovered by *** we focused on PBHs in this work,the bound on the initial mass of the seed black holes remains robust even if they were formed through astrophysical channels.

关键词： primordial black hole dark matter halo black hole accretion primordial galaxies

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Physics of cavitation near particles

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 102-118页

作者： Jia-xin yu Xiao-yu Wang Jun-wei shen Jin-sen Hu Xiang-qing Zhang Da-qing He yu-ning Zhang Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System(Ministry of Education) School of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China

The combined effect of cavitation and silt abrasion presents a great challenge and threat to secure the operation and the efficiency of hydraulic machineries working in sediment-laden *** present paper critically reviews the current research progress on the interaction mechanisms of the bubbles and the ***,the analytical models including boundary treatment methods for predicting the jet dynamics of the bubble collapse near particles are ***,the bubble collapsing dynamics,jet dynamics and shock wave characteristics near particles are revealed both experimentally and ***,the bubble-particle-wall system is investigated with a focus on microjets.

关键词： Cavitation bubble particle jet shock wave

Link between periodontitis and diabetic retinopathy:Inflammatory pathways and clinical implications

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1842-1846页

作者： yu Zhao Quan-Quan shen Geriatric Medicine Center Department of EndocrinologyZhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital(Affiliated People’s Hospital)Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou 310014Zhejiang ProvinceChina Urology and Nephrology Center Department of NephrologyZhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital(Affiliated People’s HospitalHangzhou Medical College)Hangzhou 310014Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital Bijie HospitalBijie 551700Guizhou ProvinceChina

The bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus has been ***,the underlying molecular mechanisms remain *** retinopathy(DR)is an important complication of diabetes,but there are few studies on the relationship between DR and periodontitis,especially on the intrinsic inflammatory pathway *** article reviews the latest clinical data on how diabetes promotes susceptibility to periodontitis from the epidemiological and molecular perspectives,with a special focus on the key roles of systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in the interplay between DR and *** of the intertwined pathogenesis of DR and periodontitis can better guide the development of comprehensive management strategies for glycemic control and periodontal health,with the aim of mitigating the progression of DR and enhancing overall well-being.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Diabetic retinopathy Microvascular complications Periodontitis Systemic inflammation Endothelial dysfunction

Extraction of Eugenol from Essential Oils by In Situ Formation of Deep Eutectic Solvents:A Green Recyclable Process

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第1期8卷 63-73页

作者： Lingqi shen Xiangzi Jin Zhihui Zhang yuexing yi Jingyu Zhang Zuguang Li College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Department of Chemistry Yanbian UniversityYanji 133002China Transfar Zhilian Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 311215China

Eugenol is extensively utilized in chemical *** actual production,it is mainly separated from clove essential oils(EOs)through acid-base *** this work,a simple,rapid and effective extraction process was developed for the extraction of eugenol from EOs samples by directly forming deep eutectic solvents(DESs)without using acid-base *** proposed process is designed to dissolve EOs in n-hexane and eugenol was highly selective extracted into DESs with tetrabutylammonium chloride(TBAC).Hydrogen bonds in DESs can be broken by addition of water,resulting in a separation of the two phases,thus obtaining a hydrophobic yellowish eugenol in the upper *** quaternary ammonium salt in the lower aqueous solution can be reused after *** most determining influence factors such as the structure of quaternary ammonium salt,the mole ratio of quaternary ammonium salt to eugenol and the amount of n-hexane were *** forming conditions of DESs were studied by Box-Behnken design(BBD).Experiment was carried out under the optimal conditions and good experimental result was demonstrated by the developed process,a high extraction recovery of 92.51% and the purity was about 98.50%,which verifies the excellent performance for the proposed process.

关键词： Eugenol Deep eutectic solvent Essential oils Tetrabutylammonium chloride