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Study on the optimal incident proton energy of ^(7)li(p,n)^(7)Be neutron source for boron neutron capture therapy

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 170-180页

作者： yi-nan Zhu Zuo-Kang lin Hai-Yan Yu Ye Dai Zhi-Min Dai Xiao-Han Yu Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China

Boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT)is recognized as a precise binary targeted radiotherapy technique that effectively eliminates tumors through the^(10)B(n,α)^(7)li nuclear reaction.Among various neutron sources,accelerator-based sources have emerged as particularly promising for BNCT applications.The^(7)li(p,n)^(7)Be reaction is highly regarded as a potential neutron source for BNCT,owing to its low threshold energy for the reaction,significant neutron yield,appropriate average neutron energy,and additional benefits.This study utilized Monte Carlo simulations to model the physical interactions within a lithium target subjected to proton bombardment,including neutron moderation by an MgF_(2)moderator and subsequent BNCT dose analysis using a Snyder head phantom.The study focused on calculating the yields of epithermal neutrons for various incident proton energies,finding an optimal energy at 2.7 MeV.Furthermore,the Snyder head phantom was employed in dose simulations to validate the effectiveness of this specific incident energy when utilizing a^(7)li(p,n)^(7)Be neutron source for BNCT purposes.

关键词： Boron neutron capture therapy ^(7)li(p,n)7Be neutron source Incident proton energy Monte Carlo simulation

Perspective of Calcium Imaging Technology Applied to Acupuncture Research

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期30卷 3-9页

作者： li Sha liU Yun ZHANG nan li Wang XU Wen-jie XU yi-qian CHEN yi-yuan CUI Xiang ZHU Bing GAO Xin-yan Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing(100700)China

Acupuncture, a therapeutic treatment defined as the insertion of needles into the body at specific points(ie, acupoints), has growing in popularity world-wide to treat various diseases effectively, especially acute and chronic pain. In parallel, interest in the physiological mechanisms underlying acupuncture analgesia, particularly the neural mechanisms have been increasing. Over the past decades, our understanding of how the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system process signals induced by acupuncture has developed rapidly by using electrophysiological methods. However, with the development of neuroscience, electrophysiology is being challenged by calcium imaging in view field, neuron population and visualization in vivo. Owing to the outstanding spatial resolution, the novel imaging approaches provide opportunities to enrich our knowledge about the neurophysiological mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia at subcellular, cellular, and circuit levels in combination with new labeling, genetic and circuit tracing techniques. Therefore, this review will introduce the principle and the method of calcium imaging applied to acupuncture research. We will also review the current findings in pain research using calcium imaging from in vitro to in vivo experiments and discuss the potential methodological considerations in studying acupuncture analgesia.

关键词： acupuncture research calcium imaging optical imaging nervous system

Optimal geometrical configuration and oxidation state of cobalt cations in spinel oxides to promote the performance of li-O_(2) battery

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nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 221-227页

作者： Yu Zhang Shuting Zhang Mengwei Yuan Yufeng li Rong liu Caiyun nan Chen Chen Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials Institution College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China X-ray diffraction Lab Analytical and Testing CenterBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Co_(3)O_(4) is considered as one of promising cathode catalysts for lithium oxygen(li-O_(2))batteries,which contains both tetrahedral Co^(2+)sites(Co^(2+)Td)and octahedral Co^(3+)sites(Co^(3+)Oh).It is important to reveal the effect of optimal geometric configuration and oxidation state of cobalt ion in Co_(3)O_(4) to improve the performance of li-O_(2) batteries.Herein,through regulating the synthesis process,Co^(2+)and Co^(3+)sites in Co_(3)O_(4) were replaced with Zn and Al atoms to form materials with a unique Co site.The li-O_(2) batteries based on ZnCo_(2)O_(4) showed longer cycle life than that of CoAl_(2)O_(4),suggesting that in Co_(3)O_(4),the Co^(3+)Oh site is a relatively better geometric configuration than Co^(2+)Td site for li-O_(2) batteries.Theoretical calculations revealed that Co^(3+)Oh sites provide higher catalysis activity,regulating the adsorption energy of the intermediate liO_(2) and accelerating the kinetics of the reaction in batteries,which further leads to the change of the morphology of the discharge product and ultimately improves the electrochemical performance of the batteries.

关键词： lithium oxygen(li-O_(2))batteries geometrical configuration oxidation state lithium peroxide

Coupling interface constructions of hollow Co-Mo mixed multiple oxidation states heterostructure for high-performance aprotic li-O_(2) battery

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nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4100-4107页

作者： Xingzi Zheng Mengwei Yuan Jingshen Xu Zihan li Caiyun nan Genban Sun Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Center for Advanced Materials Research Beijing Normal UniversityZhuhai 519087China

Constructing interfaces in heterostructures is effective for modulating the electronic properties of electrocatalysts.The hollow CoMoO_(4)-Co_(3)O_(4) heterostructure(HCMCH)was prepared as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for li-O_(2) battery.The different components in CoMoO_(4)-Co_(3)O_(4) heterostructure presented the efficient coupling and enhanced the electrocatalytic activity for aprotic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER),in which it improved the obviously reduced overpotential of 300 mV(compared with the pure Ketjen black(KB)electrode),enhanced reversibility of 80%capacity retention after 6 full cycles and the superior cyclability of more than 200 cycles with an optimized strategy.The battery performance of the HCMCH was not only associated with the unique hollow structure and rich active sites but also with coupling interface constructions synergetic effects attaching to the improving conductivity and optimized the discharge conversion.These results suggested that this HCMCH electrocatalyst was a promising candidate for the li-O_(2) battery and it gave a novel insight for high performance electrocatalyst designing.

关键词： li-oxygen battery heterostructure electrocatalyst coupling interface

Ocular decompression retinopathy after phacoemulsification in a patient with primary acute angleclosure glaucoma undergoing chemotherapy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 397-400页

作者： yi-lin Chen Xiao-nan Yang ying-li liu Wen-Tao li li-Jun Huo Department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080Guangdong ProvinceChina

Dear Editor,Ocular decompression retinopathy(ODR),which manifests as diffuse retinal hemorrhage occurring abruptly in multiple locations,including the subretinal,intraretinal,and preretinal spaces,is a rare complication after glaucoma surgery and is caused by sudden,iatrogenic lowering of intraocular pressure(IOP).Implicated procedures include glaucoma drainage implantation,trabeculectomy,iridotomy,and even cataract surgery[1].One report described a case of ocular decompression management following uncomplicated cataract surgery with no posterior capsular rupture or other intraoperative complications[2].Here,we report a rare case of ODR triggered by phacoemulsification and the use of systemic chemotherapeutic drugs in a patient with primary acute angleclosure glaucoma(PACG).The case not only improves our understanding of potential side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on ophthalmic surgery but may also serve as a reference for clinicians in the management of patients with glaucoma with similar medical histories.

关键词： glaucoma decompression drugs

RARRES2 regulates lipid metabolic reprogramming to mediate the development of brain metastasis in triple negative breast cancer

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Military Medical Research 2024年第1期11卷 34-49页

作者： yi-Qun li Fang-Zhou Sun Chun-Xiao li Hong-nan Mo Yan-Tong Zhou Dan Lv Jing-Tong Zhai Hai-li Qian Fei Ma Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Background Triple negative breast cancer(TNBC),the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer,is characterized by a high incidence of brain metastasis(BrM)and a poor prognosis.As the most lethal form of breast cancer,BrM remains a major clinical challenge due to its rising incidence and lack of effective treatment strategies.Recent evidence suggested a potential role of lipid metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer brain metastasis(BCBrM),but the underlying mechanisms are far from being fully elucidated.Methods Through analysis of BCBrM transcriptome data from mice and patients,and immunohistochemical validation on patient tissues,we identified and verified the specific down-regulation of retinoic acid receptor responder 2(RARRES2),a multifunctional adipokine and chemokine,in BrM of TNBC.We investigated the effect of aberrant RARRES2 expression of BrM in both in vitro and in vivo studies.Key signaling pathway components were evaluated using multi-omics approaches.lipidomics were performed to elucidate the regulation of lipid metabolic reprogramming of RARRES2.Results We found that downregulation of RARRES2 is specifically associated with BCBrM,and that RARRES2 deficiency promoted BCBrM through lipid metabolic reprogramming.Mechanistically,reduced expression of RARRES2 in brain metastatic potential TNBC cells resulted in increased levels of glycerophospholipid and decreased levels of triacylglycerols by regulating phosphatase and tensin homologue(PTEN)-mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)-sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1(SREBP1)signaling pathway to facilitate the survival of breast cancer cells in the unique brain microenvironment.Conclusions Our work uncovers an essential role of RARRES2 in linking lipid metabolic reprogramming and the development of BrM.RARRES2-dependent metabolic functions may serve as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for BCBrM.

关键词： RARRES2 lipid metabolic reprogramming Brain metastasis(BrM) Breast cancer

Growth and development of children in China:achievements,problems and prospects

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 97-104页

作者： Xin-nan Zong Hui li Department of Growth and Development Capital Institute of PediatricsBeijing 100020China

Growth reflects the general condition of society,and is a measure of the nutritional and hygienic status of a population[1,2].Nutrition is one of the most important components of children’s well-being[3].The Chinese government attaches great importance to children’s health and development,with a clear statement and consistent practice for“Children are the future and hope of the motherland”.

关键词： mother statement children

The size effect and analogous boundary states in a circular non-Hermitian chain

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 157-165页

作者： Xin-Yu Ma yi-Han Guan Qiao-nan li Ai-Lei He Lu Qi School of Physical Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225002China

We investigate the size effect and boundary states based on a circular non-Hermitian chain under the nonreciprocal intra-cell coupling and inter-cell coupling regimes.We find that the circular non-Hermitian chain exhibits an even–odd effect on the unit cell corresponding to a large chain,which is different from the open non-Hermitian chain only exhibiting the same effect for a small chain.Moreover,we find that the originally localized bulk states become totally extended via designing the boundary coupling strength appropriately.The extended bulk states reveal the fact of the disappearance of the non-Hermitian skin effect.In particular,we show that the circular non-Hermitian chain also possesses the analogous edge states under some parameter regimes,which is pretty counterintuitive since the circular chain usually cannot define a boundary.Our investigations supply the different non-Hermitian phenomena in a circular non-Hermitian chain.

关键词： boundary states non-Hermitian chain topological state

Chromosome-level genome assembly of Oncomelania hupensis: the intermediate snail host of Schistosoma japonicum

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 16-26页

作者： Qin liu Lei Duan Yun-Hai Guo li-Min Yang yi Zhang Shi-Zhu li Shan Lv Wei Hu nan-Sheng Chen Xiao-Nong Zhou National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Centerfor Tropical Diseases Research) NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious DiseasesShanghai 200025People's Republic of China School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025People's Republic of China School of life Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438People's Republic of China CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoShandong 266071People'sRepublicofChina

Background Schistosoma japonicum is a parasitic flatworm that causes human schistosomiasis,which is a signif-cant cause of morbidity in China,the Philippines and Indonesia.Oncomelania hupensis(Gastropoda:Pomatiopsidae)is the unique intermediate host of S.japonicum.A complete genome sequence of O.hupensis will enable the funda-mental understanding of snail biology as well as its co-evolution with the S.japonicum parasite.Assembling a high-quality reference genome of O.hupehensis will provide data for further research on the snail biology and controlling the spread of S.japonicum.Methods The draft genome was de novo assembly using the long-read sequencing technology(PacBio Sequel I)and corrected with llumina sequencing data.Then,using Hi-C sequencing data,the genome was assembled at the chromosomal level.CAFE was used to do analysis of contraction and expansion of the gene family and CodeML module in PAML was used for positive selection analysis in protein coding sequences.Results A total length of 1.46 Gb high-quality O.hupensis genome with 17 unique full-length chromosomes(2n=34)of the individual including a contig N50 of 1.35 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 75.08 Mb.Additionally,95.03%of these con-tig sequences were anchored in 17 chromosomes.After scanning the assembled genome,a total of 30,604 protein-coding genes were predicted.Among them,86.67%were functionally annotated.Further phylogenetic analysis revealed that O.hupensis was separated from a common ancestor of Pomacea canaliculata and Bellamya purificata approximately 170 million years ago.Comparing the genome of O.hupensis with its most recent common ancestor,it showed 266 significantly expanded and 58 significantly contracted gene families(Plies indicated that they were mainly involved with intracellular,DNA-mediated transposi-tion,DNA integration and transposase activity.Conclusions Integrated use of multiple sequencing technologies,we have successfully constructed the genome at the chromosomal-level of O

关键词： Schistosomiasis Schistosoma japonicum Oncomelania hupensis Chromosome-level genome