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紫外光和蓝光对云斑天牛行为反应和诱捕效果研究

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环境昆虫学报 2023年第6期45卷 1711-1717页

作者：郑凯文陈军朱浩诚董奕帆樊建庭吴利平浙江农林大学/林业与生物技术学院/生物农药高效制备技术国家地方联合工程实验室杭州311300 凤城市林业有害生物防治检疫站辽宁丹东118100 建德市林业局杭州311600

本文研究了云斑天牛Batocera horsfieldi(Hope)对不同波段光源的选择性,寻找云斑天牛敏感波长光源,为云斑天牛绿色防治技术提供科学依据。采用波长为365~370 nm, 370~375 nm, 380~385 nm, 385~390 nm和395~400 nm 5种紫外光以及400~405 ... 详细信息

本文研究了云斑天牛Batocera horsfieldi(Hope)对不同波段光源的选择性,寻找云斑天牛敏感波长光源,为云斑天牛绿色防治技术提供科学依据。采用波长为365~370 nm, 370~375 nm, 380~385 nm, 385~390 nm和395~400 nm 5种紫外光以及400~405 nm, 405~410 nm, 410~415 nm和415~420 nm 4种蓝光,进行室内行为试验和野外诱捕试验,测定云斑天牛对紫外光和蓝光的趋性差异。结果显示:9种不同波长光源对云斑天牛均表现出一定的引诱作用。385~390 nm紫外光对云斑天牛的引诱效果最好,在室内行为试验中对云斑天牛引诱数量分别为2.80±0.37头/次和3.40±0.51头/次,显著优于其它紫外光和蓝光波段光源(P<0.05);385~390 nm紫外光在野外诱捕试验中对云斑天牛诱捕数量分别为4.53±0.30头/次和4.47±0.41头/次,同样显著优于其它紫外光和蓝光波段光源(P<0.05);385~390 nm波长光源在室内行为试验中引诱到的云斑天牛雌雄比分别为1∶1.80和1∶1.83,但在野外诱捕试验中诱捕到的云斑天牛雌雄比为1∶0.79和1∶0.86。本研究结果表明,云斑天牛对385~390 nm紫外光具有较强的趋性,显著高于其他4种紫外光和4种蓝光。光源诱捕为云斑天牛提供了一种新的防控思路,对于这种林业重大害虫的绿色防控具有重要意义。

关键词：云斑天牛趋光性诱捕紫外光蓝光

Can patients with mild non-neoplastic lesions diagnosed at baseline screening be safely exempt from surveillance: evidence from multicenter community-based cohorts

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 263-271页

作者： Siyi He Zhiyi Zhang Guohui Song Zhenhai Wang Chunyun Dai Shipeng Yan Kun Jiang Bingbing Song He Li Maomao Cao Dianqin Sun fan Yang Xinxin Yan Shaoli Zhang yi Teng Qianru Li Changfa Xia Wanqing Chen Office of Cancer Screening National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Department of Gastroenterology Gansu Wuwei Tumor Hospital Cixian Cancer Institute Linzhou Cancer Hospital Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Sheyang County Department of Cancer Prevention and Control Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South University Luoshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Office for Cancer Control and Research Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University

Surveillance recommendations for gastric cancer（GC） in current guidelines focused on advanced precancerous lesions and were based on precise diagnosis of severity/extent of baseline lesions. We aimed to develop a less endoscopy-related equipment-dependent risk-stratification tool, and assessed whether mild-precursor-lesion patients can be safely exempt from surveillance. In the multicenter communitybased cohort, 75,051 participants receiving baseline endoscopy were enrolled during 2015–2017 and followed-up until 2021. Cumulative incidence rates（CIRs） of GC for precancerous-conditions were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by Log-rank tests. Mixedeffects Cox regression models were used to detect potential factors for progression towards GC. A risk score was calculated as counts of selected factors. An independent cohort, including 26,586 participants was used for external validation. During a median follow-up of 6.25 years, CIRs of GC were 0.302%, 0.436%, and 4.756% for normal group, non-neoplastic（atrophic gastritis/intestinal metaplasia） and neoplastic lesions（low-grade/high-grade dysplasia）, respectively(Ptrend<0.001). Four predictors, including male, ≥60 years, smoking, and limited vegetable consumption, were selected for risk-stratification. High-risk patients（≥3 risk factors） with non-neoplastic lesions showed higher GC risks（adjusted HR=7.73, 95%CI: 4.29–13.92）, and their four-year CIR reached the one-year CIR of neoplastic lesions. Further categorizing non-neoplastic lesions by histological grade, both patients with moderate-to-severe lesions（aHR=3.07, 95%CI: 1.67–5.64） and high-risk patients with mild lesions（aHR=7.29, 95%CI: 3.58–14.86） showed higher risks. Consistent trends were observed in validation cohort. High-risk mild-precursor-lesion patients should receive surveillance within 3–5 years after baseline screening. Our study provides evidence on supplementing current guideline recommendations.

关键词： stomach neoplasms precancerous conditions cancer screening cumulative incidence risk stratification

COMPrompter: reconceptualized segment anything model with multiprompt network for camouflaged object detection

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 189-203页

作者： Xiaoqin ZHANG Zhenni YU Li ZHAO Deng-Ping fan Guobao XIAO Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Informatics for Safety and Emergency Wenzhou University Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (SHENZHEN FUTIAN) College of Computer Science Nankai University School of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University

We rethink the segment anything model(SAM) and propose a novel multiprompt network called COMPrompter for camouflaged object detection(COD). SAM has zero-shot generalization ability beyond other models and can provide an ideal framework for COD. Our network aims to enhance the single prompt strategy in SAM to a multiprompt strategy. To achieve this, we propose an edge gradient extraction module, which generates a mask containing gradient information regarding the boundaries of camouflaged objects. This gradient mask is then used as a novel boundary prompt, enhancing the segmentation process. Thereafter, we design a box-boundary mutual guidance module, which fosters more precise and comprehensive feature extraction via mutual guidance between a boundary prompt and a box prompt. This collaboration enhances the model's ability to accurately detect camouflaged objects. Moreover, we employ the discrete wavelet transform to extract high-frequency features from image embeddings. The high-frequency features serve as a supplementary component to the multiprompt ***, our COMPrompter guides the network to achieve enhanced segmentation results, thereby advancing the development of SAM in terms of COD. Experimental results across COD benchmarks demonstrate that COMPrompter achieves a cutting-edge performance, surpassing the current leading model by an average positive metric of 2.2% in COD10K. In the specific application of COD, the experimental results in polyp segmentation show that our model is superior to top-tier methods as well. The code will be made available at https://***/guobaoxiao/COMPrompter.

关键词： segment anything model camouflaged object detection boundary prompt

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The burden of upper motor neuron involvement is correlated with the bilateral limb involvement interval in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:a retrospective observational study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1505-1512页

作者： Jieying Wu Shan Ye Xiangyi Liu yingsheng Xu dongsheng fan Department of Neurology Peking University Third HospitalBeijingChina Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases BeijingChina Key Laboratory for Neuroscience National Health Commission/Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijingChina

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by the involvement of both upper and lower motor *** bilateral limb involvement significantly affects patients'daily lives and may lead them to be confined to ***,the effect of upper and lower motor neuron impairment and other risk factors on bilateral limb involvement is *** address this issue,we retrospectively collected data from 586 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with limb onset diagnosed at Peking University Third Hospital between January 2020 and May 2022.A univariate analysis revealed no significant differences in the time intervals of spread in different directions between individuals with upper motor neuron-dominant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and those with classic amyotrophic lateral *** used causal directed acyclic graphs for risk factor determination and Cox proportional hazards models to investigate the association between the duration of bilateral limb involvement and clinical baseline characteristics in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis *** factor analyses revealed that higher upper motor neuron scores(hazard ratio[HR]=1.05,95%confidence interval[CI]=1.01–1.09,P=0.018),onset in the left limb(HR=0.72,95%CI=0.58–0.89,P=0.002),and a horizontal pattern of progression(HR=0.46,95%CI=0.37–0.58,P<0.001)were risk factors for a shorter interval until bilateral limb *** results demonstrated that a greater degree of upper motor neuron involvement might cause contralateral limb involvement to progress more quickly in limb-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis *** findings may improve the management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with limb onset and the prediction of patient prognosis.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis bilateral limb involvement Cox proportional hazards regression model horizontal spread restricted cubic spline analysis time interval upper motor neuron vertical spread

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元谋干热河谷冲沟不同部位土壤质量评价

西南农业学报 2018年第10期31卷 2165-2172页

作者：袁勇熊东红校亮吴汉张素苏正安董一帆中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所四川成都610041 中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室四川成都610041 中国科学院大学北京100049

【目的】对元谋干热河谷冲沟侵蚀活跃区土壤质量进行评价。【方法】通过野外调查和室内分析,测定了干热河谷区3条发育相当的典型冲沟土壤理化性质,采取模糊数学方法和多元统计分析方法相结合,分析了冲沟不同部位土壤质量的综合性指标值... 详细信息

【目的】对元谋干热河谷冲沟侵蚀活跃区土壤质量进行评价。【方法】通过野外调查和室内分析,测定了干热河谷区3条发育相当的典型冲沟土壤理化性质,采取模糊数学方法和多元统计分析方法相结合,分析了冲沟不同部位土壤质量的综合性指标值。【结果】(1)冲沟侵蚀增加了土壤理化性质的分布差异,使土壤紧实化,造成有机质含量显著下降,加剧土壤有效性氮素和磷素损失,导致各土壤养分不同程度的贫瘠化。(2)冲沟侵蚀加剧了土壤退化程度,土壤质量指数(SQI)表现为:沟床(0.406)>集水区(0.357)>沟头(0.289)>沟岸(0.252),其中以沟岸和沟头土壤退化程度最高。(3)冲沟侵蚀引起制约土壤质量的因素由土壤化学性质转变为土壤物理性质,但冲沟土壤质量尚未退化到最低水平,适宜进行生态治理。【结论】冲沟生态治理中应抓住冲沟各部位土壤质量的关键限制性因子因地制宜、综合防治,这对进一步研究该区土壤退化过程及制定冲沟生态治理技术体系具有重要意义。

关键词：冲沟侵蚀土壤退化模糊数学土壤质量指数生态治理

Mechanism by which Rab5 promotes regeneration and functional recovery of zebrafish Mauthner axons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1816-1824页

作者： Jiantao Cui Yueru Shen Zheng Song Dinggang fan Bing Hu Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Rab5 is a GTPase protein that is involved in intracellular membrane trafficking. It functions by binding to various effector proteins and regulating cellular responses, including the formation of transport vesicles and their fusion with the cellular membrane. Rab5 has been reported to play an important role in the development of the zebrafish embryo;however, its role in axonal regeneration in the central nervous system remains unclear. In this study, we established a zebrafish Mauthner cell model of axonal injury using single-cell electroporation and two-photon axotomy techniques. We found that overexpression of Rab5 in single Mauthner cells promoted marked axonal regeneration and increased the number of intra-axonal transport vesicles. In contrast, treatment of zebrafish larvae with the Rab kinase inhibitor CID-1067700markedly inhibited axonal regeneration in Mauthner cells. We also found that Rab5 activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K) during axonal repair of Mauthner cells and promoted the recovery of zebrafish locomotor function. Additionally, rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mechanistic target of rapamycin downstream of PI3K, markedly hindered axonal regeneration. These findings suggest that Rab5 promotes the axonal regeneration of injured zebrafish Mauthner cells by activating the PI3K signaling pathway.

关键词： axonal regeneration Mauthner cell nerve regeneration Rab5 zebrafish

Defect Engineering:Can it Mitigate Strong Coulomb Effect of Mg^(2+)in Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries?

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 135-159页

作者： Zhengqing fan Ruimin Li Xin Zhang Wanyu Zhao Zhenghui Pan Xiaowei Yang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804People’s Republic of China

Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)have been considered a promising“post lithium-ion battery”system to meet the rapidly increasing demand of the emerging electric vehicle and grid energy storage ***,the sluggish diffusion kinetics of bivalent Mg^(2+)in the host material,related to the strong Coulomb effect between Mg^(2+)and host anion lattices,hinders their further development toward practical *** engineering,regarded as an effective strategy to break through the slow migration puzzle,has been validated in various cathode materials for *** this review,we first thoroughly understand the intrinsic mechanism of Mg^(2+)diffusion in cathode materials,from which the key factors affecting ion diffusion are further ***,the positive effects of purposely introduced defects,including vacancy and doping,and the corresponding strategies for introducing various defects are *** applications of defect engineering in cathode materials for RMBs with advanced electrochemical properties are also ***,the existing challenges and future perspectives of defect engineering in cathode materials for the overall high-performance RMBs are described.

关键词： Rechargeable magnesium battery Sluggish diffusion kinetic Defect engineering Cathode materials Ion migration

干热河谷梯级库区土壤微生物群落特征及其影响因素研究

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长江流域资源与环境 2023年第3期32卷 507-515页

作者：孙干孙然好徐火清孙龙董一帆孙涛陈利顶中国三峡建工(集团)有限公司四川成都610041 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室北京100085 云南大学云南昆明650091

水电开发蓄水能够影响周边气候、植被甚至土壤养分循环,土壤微生物是环境变化的敏感土壤因子,其对梯级水电开发的响应并不明确。在4、9月采集金沙江下游向家坝、溪洛渡、白鹤滩、乌东德4个梯级库区土壤样品,通过磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)法量化... 详细信息

水电开发蓄水能够影响周边气候、植被甚至土壤养分循环,土壤微生物是环境变化的敏感土壤因子,其对梯级水电开发的响应并不明确。在4、9月采集金沙江下游向家坝、溪洛渡、白鹤滩、乌东德4个梯级库区土壤样品,通过磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)法量化了干热河谷梯级库区4、9月土壤微生物PLFA总量及群落结构,分析了梯级库区土壤微生物变化的主导因素,明确了水电开发截流、蓄水对土壤微生物的影响。结果表明:(1)气象因子、土壤养分能够解释大部分土壤微生物的变异,干热特征更明显的白鹤滩、乌东德库区(84.1%、93.5%)解释度高于向家坝、溪洛渡库区(41.1%、77.0%);(2)土壤微生物在4月主要与全氮、有效氮、降水呈正相关,与温度、潜在蒸散发呈负相关。土壤微生物在9月主要与降水、有机质、有效氮呈正相关,与潜在蒸散发呈负相关;(3)在4、9月蓄水对土壤微生物变异的单独贡献度分别为2.2%、6.8%,与其它因子协同解释度不超过22.4%。而在白鹤滩、乌东德库区,在4、9月蓄水(截流)对土壤微生物变异的单独贡献度分别为5.5%、8.3%,与其它因子的协同贡献度均为13%。总体上,金沙江下游干热河谷梯级水电开发引起的河道截流、水库蓄水会影响土壤微生物PLFA及其群落结构,但其影响容易被气候变化和土壤养分所掩盖。梯级水电站蓄水可能在一定程度上缓和典型干热河谷气候对土壤微生物的不利影响、提高土壤微生物群落结构稳定性。本研究有助于深入认识土壤微生物对水电开发的响应,对于科学评估水电开发的陆生生态系统影响及土壤资源可持续性具有重要意义。

关键词：土壤微生物土壤养分水电蓄水磷脂脂肪酸金沙江下游

基于16S rRNA基因测序研究拉克替醇对小鼠肠道菌群的影响

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中华消化杂志 2018年第6期38卷 386-393页

作者：王亚楠张宏董一凡钱家鸣李景南中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院消化内科 100730 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院动物中心 100730

目的探讨益生菌、不同浓度拉克替醇及两者合用对小鼠肠道菌群的影响。方法将50只C57BL/6J小鼠分为空白对照组、益生菌组、标准浓度拉克替醇组、高浓度拉克替醇组、益生菌联合拉克替醇组，每组10只。分别予不干预、1×109 CFU/d益生菌、6... 详细信息

目的探讨益生菌、不同浓度拉克替醇及两者合用对小鼠肠道菌群的影响。方法将50只C57BL/6J小鼠分为空白对照组、益生菌组、标准浓度拉克替醇组、高浓度拉克替醇组、益生菌联合拉克替醇组，每组10只。分别予不干预、1×109 CFU/d益生菌、6.6 g·kg－1·d－1拉克替醇、10.0 g·kg－1·d－1拉克替醇、5×108 CFU/d益生菌联合3.3 g·kg－1·d－1拉克替醇灌胃2周。分别收集灌胃前、灌胃1周、灌胃2周后的粪便标本，以及灌胃2周后的肠黏膜组织，送检16S rRNA基因测序。采用α多样性分析、主成分分析和分类学分析菌群变化。结果灌胃前和灌胃1周后，α多样性分析显示5组小鼠粪便菌群差异均无统计学意义（P＝0.552、0.062）；α多样性分析与主成分分析显示，标准浓度拉克替醇和高浓度拉克替醇组肠黏膜菌群差异均无统计学意义（P＝0.270、0.085）。灌胃1周和2周后，标准浓度和高浓度拉克替醇组分别与空白对照组、益生菌组比较，粪便标本Akkermansia菌属均增加（灌胃1周0.114 3比0.003 9、0.013 1，0.071 3比0.003 9、0.013 1，P〈0.01、P＝0.001和P＝0.001、0.005；灌胃2周0.094 0比0.030 5、0.018 9，0.142 4比0.030 5、0.018 9，P＝0.044、0.016和0.001、〈0.01）；益生菌联合拉克替醇组分别与标准浓度和高浓度拉克替醇组比较，粪便标本拟杆菌属均增加（灌胃1周0.115 9比0.037 5、0.041 6，P＝0.013、0.015；灌胃2周0.058 0比0.023 2、0.014 4，P＝0.047、0.009）。益生菌联合拉克替醇组较早（灌胃1周后）出现毛螺旋菌科相应菌属的增加，灌胃2周后，与空白对照组、标准浓度拉克替醇组和高浓度拉克替醇组相比，益生菌组毛螺旋菌科相应菌属增加（P均〈0.05）。标准浓度拉克替醇组与益生菌组比较，肠黏膜Akkermansia菌属增加（0.018 0比0.001 8，P＝0.012），高浓度拉克替醇组分别与空白对照组、益生菌组相比，肠黏膜Akkermansia菌属亦增加（0.037 0比0.010 0、0.001 8，P＝0.002、〈0.01）。益生菌联合拉克替醇组与空白对照组、标准浓度拉克替醇组、高浓度拉克替醇组相比，以及益生菌组与高浓度拉克替醇组相比，肠黏膜脱铁杆菌科Mucispirillum属均增加（0.040 0比0.014 8、0.013 7、0.009 9，0.019 6比0.009 9；P＝0.041、0.040、0.018、0.011）。结论补充益生菌、拉克替醇或两者联用对小鼠肠道菌群均有明显调节作用，外源性益生菌不易在肠道定植。拉克替醇可明显促进粪便和肠道黏膜中Akkermansia菌属增殖。

关键词：有益菌种拉克替醇肠道菌群 Akkermansia 小鼠